Measurements

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"Spielberger's State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory‐Global (STAI‐G) score" [1]

Notes

When validating surveys, "there should be at least 5 times as man participants as items or at least 200 respondents." Scales that are missing response items should not be included fr validation. [2]

Measurements of Spirituality

Kwonmok et al. provide a list of instruments devoted to measuring Connection Outcomes.[3]

The Spirituality Scale (SS)

Twenty-three items

"The Spirituality Scale (SS) (Delaney, 2003) is a holistic assessment instrument that focuses on the beliefs, intuitions, lifestyle choices, practices, and rituals that represent the human spiritual dimension. The SS is designed to assess the essence of spirituality in a format that can be used to guide spiritual interventions." [4] Authors originally theorized four dimensions to spirituality, "spirituality and religion" (relationship with God or a higher power), "spirituality and meaning and purpose," "spirituality and relationships," and "spirituality and ecology." Subsequent validation reduced to three factors, religions and existential purpose, spirituality and relationships, and spirituality and ecology[5]

SS Scale Items and Factors


The Spiritual Well Being Scale (SWB)

"The SWB is a 20-item, self-administered scale with two dimensions: religion and existential....the SWB Scale remains the most widely used instrument to assess spirituality as well as the one most frequently referred to and applied in studies examining spirituality," although there are methodological problems, like its Judeo-Christian bias. [6] For the scale.[7]

Focusses on a "search form meaning and purpose", with references to Frankl.

Spiritual Involvement and Beliefs (SIBS) Scale

Focus on "religions and existential aspects" [8]

Spiritual Assessment Scale

[9]

Index of Core Spiritual Experiences

[10]

The Intrinsic Spirituality Scale

The Intrinsic Spirituality Scale - six items.[11]

The Spiritual Perspective Scale (SPS)

Developed by Reed [12]

SPS [13]


"...an instrument that represents the existential aspect of spirituality. The SPS is a 10- item instrument with a 6-point Likert-type scale that can also be used as a semistructured interview."[14]

Footnotes

  1. ↑ “LSD Reduces Anxiety Symptoms in Phase 2 Trial.,” Brown University Psychopharmacology Update 34, no. 1 (January 2023): 2, https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.30965.
  2. ↑ Delaney, C. “The Spirituality Scale: Development and Psychometric Testing of a Holistic Instrument to Assess the Human Spiritual Dimension.” Journal of Holistic Nursing. United States: Sage Publications, January 1, 2005. British Library Document Supply Centre Inside Serials & Conference Proceedings. p. 154.
  3. ↑ Kwonmok, Ko, Knight Gemma, James J Rucker, and Anthony J Cleare. “Psychedelics, Mystical Experience, and Therapeutic Efficacy: A Systematic Review.” Frontiers in Psychiatry 13 (July 1, 2022). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.917199.
  4. ↑ Delaney, C. “The Spirituality Scale: Development and Psychometric Testing of a Holistic Instrument to Assess the Human Spiritual Dimension.” Journal of Holistic Nursing. United States: Sage Publications, January 1, 2005. British Library Document Supply Centre Inside Serials & Conference Proceedings
  5. ↑ Delaney, C. “The Spirituality Scale: Development and Psychometric Testing of a Holistic Instrument to Assess the Human Spiritual Dimension.” Journal of Holistic Nursing. United States: Sage Publications, January 1, 2005. British Library Document Supply Centre Inside Serials & Conference Proceedings.p. 149.
  6. ↑ Delaney, C. “The Spirituality Scale: Development and Psychometric Testing of a Holistic Instrument to Assess the Human Spiritual Dimension.” Journal of Holistic Nursing. United States: SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, January 1, 2005. British Library Document Supply Centre Inside Serials & Conference Proceedings. p. 147-148.
  7. ↑ Paloutzian, R.F., and C.W. Ellison. “Loneliness, Spiritual Well-Being, and Quality of Life.” In Loneliness: A Sourcebook for Practice, edited by L.A. Peplau and D. Pearlman, 358–64. New York: Wiley, 1982.
  8. ↑ Delaney, C. “The Spirituality Scale: Development and Psychometric Testing of a Holistic Instrument to Assess the Human Spiritual Dimension.” Journal of Holistic Nursing. United States: Sage Publications, January 1, 2005. British Library Document Supply Centre Inside Serials & Conference Proceedings.p. 149.
  9. ↑ O’Brien, M. “The Need for Spiritual Integrity.” In Human Needs and the Nursing Process, edited by H Yura and M Walsh, 23–27. Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange, 1982.
  10. ↑ Kass, Jared D., Richard Friedman, Jane Leserman, Patricia C. Zuttermeister, and Herbert Benson. “Health Outcomes and a New Index of Spiritual Experience.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 30, no. 2 (June 1, 1991): 203–11. https://doi.org/10.2307/1387214.
  11. ↑ Hodge, David R. “The Intrinsic Spirituality Scale: A New Six-Item Instrument for Assessing the Salience of Spirituality as a Motivational Construct.” Journal of Social Service Research 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 41–6
  12. ↑ Reed, Pamela G. “Spirituality and Well-Being in Terminally Ill Hospitalized Adults.” Research in Nursing & Health 10, no. 5 (October 1, 1987): 335–44. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.4770100507.
  13. ↑ Chen, Fengyi, Yi Zhang, Lingjun Zhou, and Jing Cui. “Psychometric Evaluation of the Spiritual Perspective Scale in Palliative Care Nurses in China.” Journal of Religion and Health 61, no. 4 (August 2022): 2804–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-022-01582-w.
  14. ↑ Delaney, C. “The Spirituality Scale: Development and Psychometric Testing of a Holistic Instrument to Assess the Human Spiritual Dimension.” Journal of Holistic Nursing. United States: Sage Publications, January 1, 2005. British Library Document Supply Centre Inside Serials & Conference Proceedings
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