Hierarchy of Basic Needs - Revision history

Michael at 15:10, 6 January 2026

2026-01-06T15:10:02Z

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	<blockquote class="definition">The '''Hierarchy of Basic Needs''' (a.k.a. Hierarchy of Needs) is a psychological representation of human needs proposed by Abraham Maslow in a 1943 paper entitled "A Theory of Human Motivation"<ref>Maslow, A. H. “A Theory of Human Motivation.” Psychological Review 50, no. 4 (1943): 370–96</ref>. It represents, according to Maslow, the "fundamental needs"<ref>Maslow.“Preface to Motivation Theory.” Psychosomatic Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1943): 85.</ref> that every human organism has and that must be met to ensure optimal growth and ~~realization~~ of one's ~~full potential~~.</blockquote>		<blockquote class="definition">The '''Hierarchy of Basic Needs''' (a.k.a. Hierarchy of Needs) is a psychological representation of human needs proposed by Abraham Maslow in a 1943 paper entitled "A Theory of Human Motivation"<ref>Maslow, A. H. “A Theory of Human Motivation.” Psychological Review 50, no. 4 (1943): 370–96</ref>. It represents, according to Maslow, the "fundamental needs"<ref>Maslow.“Preface to Motivation Theory.” Psychosomatic Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1943): 85.</ref> (i.e., [[Essential Needs]]), that every human organism has and that must be met to ensure optimal growth and [[Full Realization]] of one's [[Human Potential]].</blockquote>

	==~~List of Terms used by Abraham Maslow~~==		==Content Map==

	{{#ask:[[Is a ~~term~~::~~Abraham~~ Maslow]]}}		[[Maslow's Theory of Needs]] > {{#ask:[[Is a component of::Maslow needs theory]]}}

	==Related LP Terms==		===Related LP Terms===

	[[Human Development]] : [[Seven Essential Needs]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Human Development~~]] : [[Seven Essential Needs~~]]}}		[[Human Development]] : [[Seven Essential Needs]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Human Development]]}}

	==Non-LP Related Terms==		===Non-LP Related Terms===

	[[Human Development]] : [[Seven Essential Needs]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Human Development~~]] : [[Seven Essential Needs~~]]}}		[[Human Development]] : [[Seven Essential Needs]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Human Development]]}}

	==Notes==		==Notes==

	~~Though he did not use that game,~~ a hierarchy of needs ~~was~~ first proposed by Swami Vivekananda in "The Secret Work" in his book Karma Yoga. <ref>Vivekananda, Swami. "The Secret of Work." Collected Works of Swami Vivekananda. Vol. 5. 9 vols. Advaita Ashrama, 2016. https://www.holybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/SWAMI-VIVEKANANDA-COMPLETE-WORKS-Vol-1.pdf</ref>		The notion of a hierarchy of needs first proposed by Swami Vivekananda in "The Secret Work" in his book Karma Yoga. <ref>Vivekananda, Swami. "The Secret of Work." Collected Works of Swami Vivekananda. Vol. 5. 9 vols. Advaita Ashrama, 2016. https://www.holybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/SWAMI-VIVEKANANDA-COMPLETE-WORKS-Vol-1.pdf</ref>

	Maslow first proposed this hierarchy in 1942. "'There is a hierarchy of five sets of goals or purposes or needs which are set in the following order of prepotency. First, satisfaction or gratification of body needs ••• Second, the safety needs ••• Third, love, affection, warmth, acceptance, a place in the group. Fourth, desire for self-esteem, self-respect, self-confidence, for the feeling of strength or adequacy Fifth, self-actualization, self-fulfillment, self -expression, working out of one's own fundamental personality, the fulfillment of its potentialities, the use of its capacities, the tendency to be the most that one is capable of being. In addition, the in~vidual will tend to want and to strive for all the conditions which make these satisfactions possible, e.g., freedom, full information, justice, order, etc." <ref>Maslow. “Preface to Motivation Theory.” Psychosomatic Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1943): 91.</ref>		Maslow first proposed this hierarchy in 1942. "'There is a hierarchy of five sets of goals or purposes or needs which are set in the following order of prepotency. First, satisfaction or gratification of body needs ••• Second, the safety needs ••• Third, love, affection, warmth, acceptance, a place in the group. Fourth, desire for self-esteem, self-respect, self-confidence, for the feeling of strength or adequacy Fifth, self-actualization, self-fulfillment, self -expression, working out of one's own fundamental personality, the fulfillment of its potentialities, the use of its capacities, the tendency to be the most that one is capable of being. In addition, the in~vidual will tend to want and to strive for all the conditions which make these satisfactions possible, e.g., freedom, full information, justice, order, etc." <ref>Maslow. “Preface to Motivation Theory.” Psychosomatic Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1943): 91.</ref>
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	[[Image:correctedbasicneeds1.png\|350px\|right\|Modified Hierarchy]]		[[Image:correctedbasicneeds1.png\|350px\|right\|Modified Hierarchy]]

	* [[Physiological Needs]],		* [[Physiological Needs]],
	* [[Safety Needs]],		* [[Safety Needs]],
	* [[Love Needs]],		* [[Love Needs]],
	* [[Esteem Needs]]/Power<ref>I would define power as the feeling of self respect." Maslow, Abraham. “Eupsychia—The Good Society.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 1, no. 2 (1961): p. 2.</ref>		* [[Esteem Needs]]/Power<ref>I would define power as the feeling of self respect." Maslow, Abraham. “Eupsychia—The Good Society.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 1, no. 2 (1961): p. 2.</ref>
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	[[Is a related term::Hierarchy of Needs\| ]]		[[Is a related term::Hierarchy of Needs\| ]]
	[[Is a term::Abraham Maslow\| ]]		[[Is a term::Abraham Maslow\| ]]
			[[Is a component of::Maslow needs theory]]

	[[Is a related term::Seven Essential Needs\| ]]		[[Is a related term::Seven Essential Needs\| ]]

Michael at 22:00, 20 December 2022

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	<blockquote class="definition">The '''Hierarchy of Basic Needs''' (a.k.a. Hierarchy of Needs) is a psychological representation of human needs proposed by Abraham Maslow in a 1943 paper entitled "A Theory of Human Motivation"<ref>Maslow, A. H. “A Theory of Human Motivation.” Psychological Review 50, no. 4 (1943): 370–96</ref>. It represents, according to Maslow, the "fundamental needs"<ref>Maslow.“Preface to Motivation Theory.” Psychosomatic Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1943): 85.</ref> that every human organism has and that must be met to ensure optimal growth and realization of one's full potential.</blockquote>		<blockquote class="definition">The '''Hierarchy of Basic Needs''' (a.k.a. Hierarchy of Needs) is a psychological representation of human needs proposed by Abraham Maslow in a 1943 paper entitled "A Theory of Human Motivation"<ref>Maslow, A. H. “A Theory of Human Motivation.” Psychological Review 50, no. 4 (1943): 370–96</ref>. It represents, according to Maslow, the "fundamental needs"<ref>Maslow.“Preface to Motivation Theory.” Psychosomatic Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1943): 85.</ref> that every human organism has and that must be met to ensure optimal growth and realization of one's full potential.</blockquote>

			==List of Terms used by Abraham Maslow==

			{{#ask:[[Is a term::Abraham Maslow]]}}

	==Related LP Terms==		==Related LP Terms==
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	[[Is a related term::Seven Essential Needs\| ]]		[[Is a related term::Seven Essential Needs\| ]]

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	==Related LP Terms==		==Related LP Terms==

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	<blockquote class="definition">The '''Hierarchy of Basic Needs''' (a.k.a. Hierarchy of Needs) is a psychological representation of human needs proposed by Abraham Maslow in a 1943 paper entitled "A Theory of Human Motivation"<ref>Maslow, A. H. “A Theory of Human Motivation.” Psychological Review 50, no. 4 (1943): 370–96</ref>. It represents, according to Maslow, the "fundamental needs"<ref>Maslow.“Preface to Motivation Theory.” Psychosomatic Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1943): 85.</ref> that every human organism has and that must be met to ensure optimal growth and realization of one's full potential.</blockquote>		<blockquote class="definition">The '''Hierarchy of Basic Needs''' (a.k.a. Hierarchy of Needs) is a psychological representation of human needs proposed by Abraham Maslow in a 1943 paper entitled "A Theory of Human Motivation"<ref>Maslow, A. H. “A Theory of Human Motivation.” Psychological Review 50, no. 4 (1943): 370–96</ref>. It represents, according to Maslow, the "fundamental needs"<ref>Maslow.“Preface to Motivation Theory.” Psychosomatic Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1943): 85.</ref> that every human organism has and that must be met to ensure optimal growth and realization of one's full potential.</blockquote>

	==Related Terms==		==Related LP Terms==

	~~'''Endogenous to the LP'''~~

	[[Human Development]] : [[Seven Essential Needs]] > {{#ask:[[Is a _related_ LP term::Human Development]] : [[Seven Essential Needs]]}}		[[Human Development]] : [[Seven Essential Needs]] > {{#ask:[[Is a _related_ LP term::Human Development]] : [[Seven Essential Needs]]}}

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	==Related Terms==		==Related Terms==

	[[Human Development]] : [[Seven Essential Needs]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Seven Essential Needs]]}}		'''Endogenous to the LP'''

			[[Human Development]] : [[Seven Essential Needs]] > {{#ask:[[Is a _related_ LP term::Human Development]] : [[Seven Essential Needs]]}}

			'''Exogenous to the LP'''

			[[Human Development]] : [[Seven Essential Needs]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Human Development]] : [[Seven Essential Needs]]}}

	==Notes==		==Notes==

Michael at 17:56, 5 December 2022

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	==Notes==		==Notes==

			Though he did not use that game, a hierarchy of needs was first proposed by Swami Vivekananda in "The Secret Work" in his book Karma Yoga. <ref>Vivekananda, Swami. "The Secret of Work." Collected Works of Swami Vivekananda. Vol. 5. 9 vols. Advaita Ashrama, 2016. https://www.holybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/SWAMI-VIVEKANANDA-COMPLETE-WORKS-Vol-1.pdf</ref>

	Maslow first proposed this hierarchy in 1942. "'There is a hierarchy of five sets of goals or purposes or needs which are set in the following order of prepotency. First, satisfaction or gratification of body needs ••• Second, the safety needs ••• Third, love, affection, warmth, acceptance, a place in the group. Fourth, desire for self-esteem, self-respect, self-confidence, for the feeling of strength or adequacy Fifth, self-actualization, self-fulfillment, self -expression, working out of one's own fundamental personality, the fulfillment of its potentialities, the use of its capacities, the tendency to be the most that one is capable of being. In addition, the in~vidual will tend to want and to strive for all the conditions which make these satisfactions possible, e.g., freedom, full information, justice, order, etc." <ref>Maslow. “Preface to Motivation Theory.” Psychosomatic Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1943): 91.</ref>		Maslow first proposed this hierarchy in 1942. "'There is a hierarchy of five sets of goals or purposes or needs which are set in the following order of prepotency. First, satisfaction or gratification of body needs ••• Second, the safety needs ••• Third, love, affection, warmth, acceptance, a place in the group. Fourth, desire for self-esteem, self-respect, self-confidence, for the feeling of strength or adequacy Fifth, self-actualization, self-fulfillment, self -expression, working out of one's own fundamental personality, the fulfillment of its potentialities, the use of its capacities, the tendency to be the most that one is capable of being. In addition, the in~vidual will tend to want and to strive for all the conditions which make these satisfactions possible, e.g., freedom, full information, justice, order, etc." <ref>Maslow. “Preface to Motivation Theory.” Psychosomatic Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1943): 91.</ref>

Michael at 18:15, 21 July 2020

2020-07-21T18:15:50Z

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	<blockquote class="definition">The '''Hierarchy of Basic Needs''' (a.k.a. Hierarchy of Needs) is a psychological representation of human needs proposed by Abraham Maslow in a 1943 paper entitled "A Theory of Human Motivation" (Maslow, 1943). It represents, according to Maslow, the "fundamental needs"<ref>Maslow.“Preface to Motivation Theory.” Psychosomatic Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1943): 85.</ref> that every human organism has.</blockquote>		<blockquote class="definition">The '''Hierarchy of Basic Needs''' (a.k.a. Hierarchy of Needs) is a psychological representation of human needs proposed by Abraham Maslow in a 1943 paper entitled "A Theory of Human Motivation"<ref>Maslow, A. H. “A Theory of Human Motivation.” Psychological Review 50, no. 4 (1943): 370–96</ref>. It represents, according to Maslow, the "fundamental needs"<ref>Maslow.“Preface to Motivation Theory.” Psychosomatic Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1943): 85.</ref> that every human organism has and that must be met to ensure optimal growth and realization of one's full potential.</blockquote>

			==Related Terms==

			[[Human Development]] : [[Seven Essential Needs]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Seven Essential Needs]]}}

	==Notes==		==Notes==

	"'There is a hierarchy of five sets of goals or purposes or needs which are set in the following order of prepotency. First, satisfaction or gratification of body needs ••• Second, the safety needs ••• Third, love, affection, warmth, acceptance, a place in the group. Fourth, desire for self-esteem, self-respect, self-confidence, for the feeling of strength or adequacy Fifth, self-actualization, self-fulfillment, self -expression, working out of one's own fundamental personality, the fulfillment of its potentialities, the use of its capacities, the tendency to be the most that one is capable of being. In addition, the in~vidual will tend to want and to strive for all the conditions which make these satisfactions possible, e.g., freedom, full information, justice, order, etc." <ref>Maslow. “Preface to Motivation Theory.” Psychosomatic Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1943): 91.</ref>		Maslow first proposed this hierarchy in 1942. "'There is a hierarchy of five sets of goals or purposes or needs which are set in the following order of prepotency. First, satisfaction or gratification of body needs ••• Second, the safety needs ••• Third, love, affection, warmth, acceptance, a place in the group. Fourth, desire for self-esteem, self-respect, self-confidence, for the feeling of strength or adequacy Fifth, self-actualization, self-fulfillment, self -expression, working out of one's own fundamental personality, the fulfillment of its potentialities, the use of its capacities, the tendency to be the most that one is capable of being. In addition, the in~vidual will tend to want and to strive for all the conditions which make these satisfactions possible, e.g., freedom, full information, justice, order, etc." <ref>Maslow. “Preface to Motivation Theory.” Psychosomatic Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 1943): 91.</ref>

	~~Maslow's hierarchy subsequently became a very popular representation of the constellation of human needs (Maslow, 1971; Maslow, 1994, 2012).~~

	In his original article, Maslow proposed '''two''' separate hierarchies, the [[[Hierarchy of Basic Needs]] and the [[Hierarchy of Cognitive Needs]].		Maslow's hierarchy subsequently became a very popular representation of the constellation of human needs<ref>Maslow, A. H. (1971). The Farther Reaches of Human Nature. New York: Viking.</ref><ref>Maslow, A. H. (1994). Religions, Values, and Peak-Experiences. New York: Penguin.</ref><ref>Maslow, A. H. (2012). The "Core-Religious" or "Transcendent" Experience. In J. White (Ed.), The Highest State of Consciousness (pp. 339-350). New York: Doubleday. </ref>

			Note, in his original article, Maslow proposed '''two''' separate hierarchies, the [[[Hierarchy of Basic Needs]] and the [[Hierarchy of Cognitive Needs]].

	The Hierarchy of Basic Needs ~~included~~ the following six need sets.		The Hierarchy of Basic Needs eventually came to include the following six need sets.

	[[Image:correctedbasicneeds1.png\|350px\|right\|Modified Hierarchy]]		[[Image:correctedbasicneeds1.png\|350px\|right\|Modified Hierarchy]]
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	* [[Transcendence Needs]] (added 1963).		* [[Transcendence Needs]] (added 1963).

	According to Maslow, human needs (even the need for love and self-esteem) are '''biological'''. As he noted, "If these needs are not fulfilled, pathology results" (Maslow, 1969, p. 3). On the other hand, when basic needs are fulfilled, then "...a different picture emerges. There are people who do feel loved and who are able to love, who do feel safe and secure and who do feel respected and who do have self-respect. If you study these people and ask what motivates them, you find yourself in another realm. This realm is what I have to call transhumanistic, meaning that which motivates, gratifies, and activates the fortunate, developed, self-actualizing person. These people are motivated by something beyond the basic needs." (Maslow, 1969, p. 3).		According to Maslow, human needs (even the need for love and self-esteem) are '''biological'''. As he noted, "If these needs are not fulfilled, pathology results" (Maslow, 1969, p. 3). On the other hand, when basic needs are fulfilled, then "...a different picture emerges. There are people who do feel loved and who are able to love, who do feel safe and secure and who do feel respected and who do have self-respect. If you study these people and ask what motivates them, you find yourself in another realm. This realm is what I have to call transhumanistic, meaning that which motivates, gratifies, and activates the fortunate, developed, self-actualizing person. These people are motivated by something beyond the basic needs." <Ref>Maslow, A. H. (1969). The farther reaches of human nature. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 1(1). p. 3. </ref>

	'''Prepotency''': "Degrees of relative satisjaction.-So far, our theoretical discussion may have given the impression that these five sets of needs are somehow in a step-wise, ali-or-none relatio:nships to each other. We have spoken in such terms as the following: "Oone need is satisfied, then another emerges." This statement might give the false impression that a need must be satisfied 100 per cent before the next need emerges. In actual fact, most members of our society who are normal, are partially satisfied in all their basic needs and partially unsatisfied in all their basic needs at the same time. A more realistic description of the hierarchy would be in terms of decreasing percentages of satisfaction as we go up the hierarchy of prepotency. For instance, if I may assign arbitrary figures for the sake of illustration, it is as if the average citizen is satisfied perhaps 85 per cent in his physiological needs, 70 per cent in his safety needs, so per cent in his love needs, 40 per cent in his self-esteem needs, and IO per· cent in his selfactualization needs.(Maslow, 1943, pp. 388-9)"		'''Prepotency''': "Degrees of relative satisjaction.-So far, our theoretical discussion may have given the impression that these five sets of needs are somehow in a step-wise, ali-or-none relatio:nships to each other. We have spoken in such terms as the following: "Oone need is satisfied, then another emerges." This statement might give the false impression that a need must be satisfied 100 per cent before the next need emerges. In actual fact, most members of our society who are normal, are partially satisfied in all their basic needs and partially unsatisfied in all their basic needs at the same time. A more realistic description of the hierarchy would be in terms of decreasing percentages of satisfaction as we go up the hierarchy of prepotency. For instance, if I may assign arbitrary figures for the sake of illustration, it is as if the average citizen is satisfied perhaps 85 per cent in his physiological needs, 70 per cent in his safety needs, so per cent in his love needs, 40 per cent in his self-esteem needs, and IO per· cent in his selfactualization needs.(Maslow, 1943, pp. 388-9)"
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	Sosteric (SOA1) conceptualizes the need for transcendence (a confused and confusing concept) as the need for [[connection]] to [[The Fabric of Consciousness]]. The culmination/goal of the human healthy and authentic human developmental is connection with [[Consciousness]].		Sosteric (SOA1) conceptualizes the need for transcendence (a confused and confusing concept) as the need for [[connection]] to [[The Fabric of Consciousness]]. The culmination/goal of the human healthy and authentic human developmental is connection with [[Consciousness]].
	The satisfaction of basic and cognitive human needs is base upon which connection occurs.
			The satisfaction of basic and cognitive human needs is the base upon which connection occurs.

	'''Prepotent?''' Maslow suggested needs were prepotent, meaning that lower needs had to be satisfied before higher needs came into play. Many subsequent authors have assumed a ridged prepotency, but in fact Maslow had a flexible and probabilistic understanding of how needs emerge and were satisfied. In other words, Maslow recognized there was variation in the way needs were satisfied, and that the hierarchy was not ridged and fixed but flexible and flud (Maslow, 1943: 386-89).		'''Prepotent?''' Maslow suggested needs were prepotent, meaning that lower needs had to be satisfied before higher needs came into play. Many subsequent authors have assumed a ridged prepotency, but in fact Maslow had a flexible and probabilistic understanding of how needs emerge and were satisfied. In other words, Maslow recognized there was variation in the way needs were satisfied, and that the hierarchy was not ridged and fixed but flexible and flud (Maslow, 1943: 386-89).
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	[[category:terms]]		[[category:terms]]
	[[category:lightningpath]][[Is a related term::Hierarchy of Needs\| ]][[Is a term used by::Abraham Maslow\| ]][[Is a ~~syncretic~~ term::Seven Essential Needs\| ]]		[[category:lightningpath]][[Is a related term::Hierarchy of Needs\| ]][[Is a term used by::Abraham Maslow\| ]][[Is a related term::Seven Essential Needs\| ]]

Michael at 13:08, 2 June 2020

2020-06-02T13:08:41Z

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