https://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=TristanThe SpiritWiki - User contributions [en-gb]2026-06-02T03:52:51ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.43.0https://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Jonah_Complex&diff=37125Jonah Complex2026-01-21T16:52:07Z<p>Tristan: </p>
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<blockquote class="definition"><br />
According to [[Abraham Maslow]], the '''Jonah Complex'''<ref>Abraham H. Maslow, “The Jonah Complex,” in ''Future Visions: The Unpublished Papers of Abraham Maslow'', ed. Edward Hoffman (Sage Publications, 1996), https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/future-visions/book8426.</ref> is the fear of one’s own greatness—the neurotic tendency to evade, downplay, or run away from one’s full potential and unique calling due to anxiety, fear of social rejection, or feelings of unworthiness.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
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==Concept Map==<br />
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==Notes==<br />
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Maslow attributes the term to historian Frank Manuel, named after the biblical prophet Jonah, who fled his divine mission only to discover it was inescapable.<ref>Ibid., p. 50.</ref> He identified it as a primary reason many people fail to self-actualize.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
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<blockquote><br />
"As we take our stand on psychoanalytic knowledge and transcend Freud, we inevitably make the discovery of what I’ve called the “healthy unconscious.” To state it very simply, not only do we repress our dangerous, distasteful, or threatening impulses, we often repress our best and noblest impulses."<br />
<ref>Ibid., p. 48.</ref><br />
</blockquote><br />
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Key characteristics include:<br />
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* '''Repression of nobility''': People don’t just repress dangerous impulses, but also their “best and noblest impulses” out of fear.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
* '''Masking as modesty''': Gifted individuals camouflage their talents with a “thin veneer of apparent modesty and humility.”<ref>Ibid., p. 50.</ref><br />
* '''Social fear''': The superior individual learns to hide their capacities to avoid counterattack, hostility, or accusations of boasting.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
* '''Neurotic compromise''': Growth still occurs but in a “crooked, tortuous, or joyless way”—like limping rather than running.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
* '''Evading destiny''': It is not just avoiding growth, but specifically evading “the task for which her peculiarly idiosyncratic constitution fits her, the task for which she was born.”<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
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Maslow saw this as “evading one’s biological fate or destiny” and considered it a form of neurosis that generates anxiety, inhibition, and psychosomatic symptoms.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
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===The Source of Fear===<br />
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According to Maslow,<ref>Ibid., pp. 48–51.</ref> the fear underlying the Jonah Complex stems from several interrelated sources:<br />
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# '''Fear of social punishment and counterattack''' – The superior individual learns that expressing true capacities can trigger hostility, resentment, or aggression from others who feel threatened or diminished.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
# '''Taboo on nobility and tenderness''' – Society (especially for adolescent males) stigmatizes altruism, compassion, and saintlike qualities as weak, feminine, or “soft,” creating shame around one’s highest impulses.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
# '''Fear of hubris and “sinful pride”''' – Strong, naturally dominant people internalize warnings against megalomania and become conflicted about how to use leadership capacities without appearing arrogant.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
# '''Impoverished self-concept''' – Those who lack self-respect cannot conceive of themselves as worthy of greatness and unconsciously sabotage their potential to maintain a familiar, albeit diminished, identity.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
# '''Fear of responsibility''' – Accepting one’s calling means embracing the burdens, isolation, and accountability of leadership—a weight many find terrifying.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
# '''Camouflage as survival strategy''' – The superior person learns to mask talents with false modesty, but this protective disguise hardens into a self-imposed prison, making authentic self-expression feel dangerous ''and'' leads to neurosis.<ref>Ibid.</ref><br />
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Maslow frames these causes as creating a “mixture of fear” that contaminates the healthy growth impulse, diverting it into “crooked, tortuous, or joyless” channels.<ref>Ibid., p. 50.</ref><br />
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==Notes on Personality==<br />
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The Jonah Complex veers into the realm of personality. The complex is a personality trait. On this trait, Maslow has these words to say:<br />
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<blockquote><br />
In this sense, we each are called to a particular task for which our nature fits us. To run away from it, fear it, become half-hearted, or ambivalent about it are all "neurotic" reactions in the classic sense. They can be considered illnesses, in the sense of breeding anxiety and inhibitions, producing classic neurotic and even psychosomatic symptoms of all kinds, and generating costly and crippling defenses.<br />
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Yet, from another perspective, it is possible to see these very same mechanisms as instances of our drive toward health, self-actualization, and full humanness. The difference between the diminished individual, wistfully yearning toward full humanness but never quite daring to make it, versus the unleashed individual, growing well toward her destiny, is simply the difference between fear and courage.<ref>Ibid., pp. 50–51.</ref><br />
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Maslow’s roots in Abrahamic religious traditions show clearly here in his notion that we are all “called.”<ref>Ibid.</ref> It may be better to use Rogers’ [[Tendency Towards Self-Actualization]] to describe the drive rather than a “calling,” and to suggest that this tendency may be easily thwarted.<br />
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Also, his statement that this is “simply the difference between fear and courage,” while technically true, masks the entire toxic show behind a gaslighting veneer of “it’s your fault; you’re too scared.” It’s an odd statement given that elsewhere Maslow is clear about how important he felt the environment is. He understood that conditions, relationships, and experience all factor into needs satisfaction, health, and development, ''including personality development''.<br />
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If we ask, “Why are some people scared and some people brave?” the answer will derive largely from the environments they live in and the damage they have sustained through familial, social, and employment relations.<br />
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If someone comes from a well-to-do background—if they are supported by family and community, if they are loved—they will often find it easier to “be brave,” i.e., honour “the tendency” in adverse and unsupportive conditions.<br />
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On the other hand, if an individual grows up in impoverished conditions, enduring social-class stigma and gender stigma, with minimal job prospects, many unmet needs, and desperation just to survive, they will find it difficult to honour the tendency because doing so may come at too high a cost (their livelihood, their social networks, etc.).<br />
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Sociology provides many studies on the impact of environmental conditions on personality. There we learn that social class, gender, ethnicity, skin colour, and even where one is born powerfully determine not only an individual’s life path and health, but also their personality.<br />
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Maslow was onto this when he observed that Indigenous people tended to have higher self-esteem than the typical Western white person. Later, he was quite clear about it. In Chapter 31 of his unpublished papers, Maslow points out that personality traits like “(a) deeply embedded suspicion and mistrust of others; (b) feelings of conflict and frustration; (c) general pessimism, particularly with respect to the capabilities of other human beings; (d) general anxiety; (e) strong impulses for hostility; (f) various disturbances of self-esteem that are too complex to be summarized here; and, perhaps most important, (g) various disturbances concerning the expression of power” are created by “love starvation” and unsafe, insecure environments characterized by poverty, unemployment, and harsh competition—conditions that would thwart the satisfaction of any and all of the [[Seven Essential Needs]]. He attributes these characteristics to communists, but they apply equally to capitalists and many social groupings as well.<ref>Abraham H. Maslow, “The Communist Personality,” in ''Future Visions: The Unpublished Papers of Abraham Maslow'', ed. Edward Hoffman (Sage Publications, 1996), https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/future-visions/book8426, p. 168.</ref><br />
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Note that Maslow felt there were two types of “communist personality”: the one above, and another whose “group comprises people who are essentially secure in their basic character structure even if they have sometimes shown superficial symptoms of insecurity. Their primary characteristic is that they really love other human beings, both individually and in the mass; secondly, they have a perception of other human beings as essentially good, lovable, and trustworthy. This latter outlook is what I call general optimism.”<ref>Maslow, Abraham H. “The Communist Personality.” In ''Future Visions: The Unpublished Papers of Abraham Maslow'', edited by Edward Hoffman. Sage Publications, 1996. p. 170.</ref><br />
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According to Maslow, this group—which comprised between 5% and 10% of communists—had very different motivations. They were motivated not by deficiencies and defences, but by love: “Out of the deeply embedded social interest of such individuals—that is, their love for humanity at large and for their neighbors in particular—they will inevitably try to improve humanity’s lot. For instance, instead of merely speaking platitudes, such persons will actually be kind, sympathetic, helpful, and altruistic to their neighbors, family members, or subordinates in the workplace. The essential thing about such persons is that ''they are deeply hurt by injustice, cruelty, unfairness, exploitation, and unhappiness even when they are not directly involved''.”<ref>Ibid., p. 170. Italics in original.</ref><br />
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In our modern age, the impact of environment on personality is well established. [insert [[Peace Table]] table article]<br />
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[[File:Maslow-Normalcy.jpg|center|What Happened?]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Classical_Globalization&diff=37124Classical Globalization2026-01-21T16:49:51Z<p>Tristan: Created page with "{{navmenu}} <h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1> <blockquote class="definition"> '''Classical Globalization''' refers to the period between 1990 and 2025 where western global interests were the dominant sociopolitical and sociocultural narratives, where these dominant aspects fundamentally aligned with western-capitalist values. </blockquote> == Concept Map == ===Key Terms=== Syndicalism > {{#ask:Is a key term::syndicalism |format=ul}} Global Syndi..."</p>
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'''Classical Globalization''' refers to the period between 1990 and 2025 where western global interests were the dominant sociopolitical and sociocultural narratives, where these dominant aspects fundamentally aligned with western-capitalist values.<br />
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==Notes==<br />
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[[category:terms]]<br />
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[[Is a key term::syndicalism| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Global_Syndicalism&diff=37123Global Syndicalism2026-01-21T16:46:44Z<p>Tristan: </p>
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'''Global Syndicalism''' refers to a post-global period where the [[Means of Production]] begin to become oriented into unions and labour groups. It is transitionatory period marked by increasing social and class contradictions. An example of this is China’s “All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU)”, the worlds largest union of 302m members, and 1.7m individual trade union organizations (TUG) which has served as the dominant push of China’s cooperative economic and social<br />
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==Notes==<br />
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[[Is a key term::syndicalism| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Global_Syndicalism&diff=37122Global Syndicalism2026-01-21T16:44:16Z<p>Tristan: </p>
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<div>{{navmenu}}<br />
<h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1><br />
<blockquote class="definition"><br />
'''Global Syndicalism''' refers to a post-global period where the [[Means of Production]] begin to become oriented into unions and labour groups. It is transitionatory period marked by increasing social and class contradictions. An example of this is China’s “All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU)”, the worlds largest union of 302m members, and 1.7m individual trade union organizations (TUG) which has served as the dominant push of China’s cooperative economic and social<br />
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[[Is a key term::synicalism| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Global_Syndicalism&diff=37101Global Syndicalism2026-01-20T20:57:05Z<p>Tristan: Created page with "{todo} Global Syndicalism"</p>
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Global Syndicalism</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Common.css&diff=29481MediaWiki:Common.css2025-03-17T19:19:02Z<p>Tristan: </p>
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top: 23px;<br />
left: 0;<br />
width: 280px;<br />
list-style: none;<br />
padding: 0;<br />
margin: 0;<br />
display: none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.second-level-menu > li<br />
{<br />
position: relative;<br />
height: 30px;<br />
background: #adadad;<br />
margin-bottom:0px;<br />
margin-top:0px;<br />
width:180px;<br />
padding-left:10px;<br />
padding-right:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.top-level-menu<br />
{<br />
list-style: none;<br />
padding: 0 10px 0 10px;<br />
margin-left:-10px !important;<br />
margin-top:-100px !important;<br />
<br />
}<br />
<br />
.top-level-menu > li<br />
{<br />
position: relative;<br />
float: left;<br />
height: 35px;<br />
color:#eee;<br />
background: #adadad;<br />
padding-left:10px;<br />
padding-right:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.top-level-menu li:hover > ul<br />
{<br />
/* On hover, display the next level's menu */<br />
display: inline;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
/* Menu Link Styles */<br />
<br />
ul.top-level-menu a /* Apply to all links inside the multi-level menu */<br />
{<br />
color: white;<br />
text-decoration: none;<br />
padding: .25em .5em .25em 0;<br />
<br />
/* Make the link cover the entire list item-container */<br />
display: inline-block;<br />
}<br />
.top-level-menu > li:hover { background: #CCCCCC; }<br />
.second-level-menu > li:hover { background: #CCCCCC; }<br />
.third-level-menu > li:hover { background: #CCCCCC; }<br />
<br />
.top-level-menu a:hover { color: #000000; }<br />
.second-level-menu a:hover { color: #000000;} <br />
.third-level-menu a:hover { color: #000000;} <br />
<br />
/* END ALT MENUING */<br />
<br />
<br />
/*<br />
div.topnav ul {<br />
list-style-type: none;<br />
margin: 0;<br />
margin-bottom:28px;<br />
padding: 0;<br />
overflow: hidden;<br />
background-color: #fffafa;<br />
border-bottom: 1px solid #888<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.topnav li {<br />
float: left;<br />
;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.topnav li a {<br />
display: block;<br />
color: #222;<br />
text-align: center;<br />
padding: 0 10px 0 10px;<br />
text-decoration: none;<br />
transition: .8s background-color;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
div.nav ul {<br />
list-style-type: none;<br />
margin: 0;<br />
margin-bottom:28px;<br />
padding: 0;<br />
overflow: hidden;<br />
background-color: #fafffa;<br />
border-bottom: 1px solid #888<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.nav li {<br />
float: left;<br />
;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.nav li a {<br />
display: block;<br />
color: #222;<br />
text-align: center;<br />
padding: 14px 16px;<br />
text-decoration: none;<br />
transition: .8s background-color;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.nav ul a:hover:not(.active) {<br />
background-color: #adadad;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.nav ul .active {<br />
background-color:#adadad;<br />
}<br />
<br />
*/<br />
<br />
<br />
div.toc-mobile h2 {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
div.toc <br />
{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
div#toc {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
blockquote.definition, div.definition {<br />
margin-top:30px;<br />
margin-bottom:25px;<br />
padding-top:0px;<br />
padding-left:15px;<br />
clear:left;<br />
border-left: 1px solid #adadad !important;<br />
display:block;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Noto+Sans|Noto+Serif")<br />
<br />
body {font-family: "Noto Sans", sans-serif}<br />
/* changes the default font used for MediaWiki to Noto Sans (does not include headings or monospaced text) */<br />
<br />
div#content h1, div#content h2 {font-family: "Noto Serif", serif}<br />
/* changes the default font used for MediaWiki headings to Noto Serif */<br />
<br />
/* PIVOT THEME */ <br />
<br />
/* Custom colors - top bar*/<br />
.tab-bar {<br />
background: #517e9f;<br />
}<br />
/* Navigation Labels on Sidebar */<br />
/* style the labels */<br />
ul.side-nav label {<br />
background: #eee;<br />
color: #333;<br />
padding: .25em .5em;<br />
}<br />
ul.side-nav a {<br />
color: #fff !important;<br />
}<br />
/* sidebar background color */<br />
body {<br />
background-color: #adadad !important;<br />
}<br />
Main Body of Page Content<br />
/* controls the main body area styling */<br />
#p-cactions {<br />
padding-top: 1.5em;<br />
padding-bottom: .5em;<br />
background-color: #f1fefe;<br />
border-left: 1px solid #ccc;<br />
border-right: 1px solid #ccc;<br />
}</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Common.css&diff=29479MediaWiki:Common.css2025-03-17T19:16:21Z<p>Tristan: </p>
<hr />
<div>/* CSS placed here will be applied to all skins */<br />
<br />
div#mw-content-subtitle {display:none;}<br />
h1.title {display:none;}<br />
span.mw-page-title-main {display:none;}<br />
h3#tagline {display:none;}<br />
.mw-editsection {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
h1.customtitle {<br />
margin-top:-30px;<br />
}<br />
.collapsible-header {<br />
display:block;<br />
margin-bottom:16px !important;<br />
}<br />
<br />
span.mw-headline {<br />
margin-bottom:18px !important;<br />
}<br />
#mw-content h1.firstHeading {<br />
border-bottom: solid 1px #008b9c;<br />
}<br />
#mw-content h1, #mw-content h2 {border-bottom: solid 1px #008b9c;}<br />
<br />
.color-middle, .color-left, .color-right {color:#008b9c;background:#008b9c;}<br />
a {color:#008b9c;}<br />
a:hover {color:#cb4a3b;}<br />
<br />
li a.selflink {font-weight:bold !important;}<br />
<br />
.left80 {margin-left: -80px;}<br />
<br />
/* ALT MENUING */<br />
<br />
/* Menu Styles */<br />
<br />
.third-level-menu<br />
{<br />
position: absolute;<br />
top: 0;<br />
right: -150px;<br />
width: 150px;<br />
list-style: none;<br />
padding: 0 0 0 10px;<br />
margin: 0;<br />
display: none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.third-level-menu > li<br />
{<br />
height: 30px;<br />
background: #adadad;<br />
padding-left:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.second-level-menu<br />
{<br />
position: absolute;<br />
top: 23px;<br />
left: 0;<br />
width: 280px;<br />
list-style: none;<br />
padding: 0;<br />
margin: 0;<br />
display: none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.second-level-menu > li<br />
{<br />
position: relative;<br />
height: 30px;<br />
background: #adadad;<br />
margin-bottom:0px;<br />
margin-top:0px;<br />
width:180px;<br />
padding-left:10px;<br />
padding-right:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.top-level-menu<br />
{<br />
list-style: none;<br />
padding: 0 10px 0 10px;<br />
margin-left:-10px !important;<br />
margin-top:-100px !important;<br />
<br />
}<br />
<br />
.top-level-menu > li<br />
{<br />
position: relative;<br />
float: left;<br />
height: 35px;<br />
color:#eee;<br />
background: #adadad;<br />
padding-left:10px;<br />
padding-right:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.top-level-menu li:hover > ul<br />
{<br />
/* On hover, display the next level's menu */<br />
display: inline;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
/* Menu Link Styles */<br />
<br />
ul.top-level-menu a /* Apply to all links inside the multi-level menu */<br />
{<br />
color: white;<br />
text-decoration: none;<br />
padding: .25em .5em .25em 0;<br />
<br />
/* Make the link cover the entire list item-container */<br />
display: inline-block;<br />
}<br />
.top-level-menu > li:hover { background: #CCCCCC; }<br />
.second-level-menu > li:hover { background: #CCCCCC; }<br />
.third-level-menu > li:hover { background: #CCCCCC; }<br />
<br />
.top-level-menu a:hover { color: #000000; }<br />
.second-level-menu a:hover { color: #000000;} <br />
.third-level-menu a:hover { color: #000000;} <br />
<br />
/* END ALT MENUING */<br />
<br />
<br />
/*<br />
div.topnav ul {<br />
list-style-type: none;<br />
margin: 0;<br />
margin-bottom:28px;<br />
padding: 0;<br />
overflow: hidden;<br />
background-color: #fffafa;<br />
border-bottom: 1px solid #888<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.topnav li {<br />
float: left;<br />
;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.topnav li a {<br />
display: block;<br />
color: #222;<br />
text-align: center;<br />
padding: 0 10px 0 10px;<br />
text-decoration: none;<br />
transition: .8s background-color;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
div.nav ul {<br />
list-style-type: none;<br />
margin: 0;<br />
margin-bottom:28px;<br />
padding: 0;<br />
overflow: hidden;<br />
background-color: #fafffa;<br />
border-bottom: 1px solid #888<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.nav li {<br />
float: left;<br />
;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.nav li a {<br />
display: block;<br />
color: #222;<br />
text-align: center;<br />
padding: 14px 16px;<br />
text-decoration: none;<br />
transition: .8s background-color;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.nav ul a:hover:not(.active) {<br />
background-color: #adadad;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.nav ul .active {<br />
background-color:#adadad;<br />
}<br />
<br />
*/<br />
<br />
<br />
div.toc-mobile h2 {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
div.toc <br />
{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
div#toc {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
blockquote.definition, div.definition {<br />
margin-top:30px;<br />
margin-bottom:25px;<br />
padding-top:0px;<br />
padding-left:15px;<br />
clear:left;<br />
border-left: 1px solid #adadad !important;<br />
display:block;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Noto+Sans|Noto+Serif")<br />
<br />
body {font-family: "Noto Sans", sans-serif}<br />
/* changes the default font used for MediaWiki to Noto Sans (does not include headings or monospaced text) */<br />
<br />
div#content h1, div#content h2 {font-family: "Noto Serif", serif}<br />
/* changes the default font used for MediaWiki headings to Noto Serif */<br />
<br />
/* PIVOT THEME */ <br />
<br />
/* Custom colors - top bar*/<br />
.tab-bar {<br />
background: #517e9f;<br />
}<br />
/* Navigation Labels on Sidebar */<br />
/* style the labels */<br />
ul.side-nav label {<br />
background: #eee;<br />
color: #333;<br />
padding: .25em .5em;<br />
}<br />
ul.side-nav a {<br />
color: #fff !important;<br />
}<br />
/* sidebar background color */<br />
body {<br />
background-color: #1dadad !important;<br />
}<br />
Main Body of Page Content<br />
/* controls the main body area styling */<br />
#p-cactions {<br />
padding-top: 1.5em;<br />
padding-bottom: .5em;<br />
background-color: #f1fefe;<br />
border-left: 1px solid #ccc;<br />
border-right: 1px solid #ccc;<br />
}</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Common.css&diff=29477MediaWiki:Common.css2025-03-17T18:51:43Z<p>Tristan: </p>
<hr />
<div>/* CSS placed here will be applied to all skins */<br />
<br />
div#mw-content-subtitle {display:none;}<br />
h1.title {display:none;}<br />
span.mw-page-title-main {display:none;}<br />
h3#tagline {display:none;}<br />
.mw-editsection {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
h1.customtitle {<br />
margin-top:-30px;<br />
}<br />
.collapsible-header {<br />
display:block;<br />
margin-bottom:16px !important;<br />
}<br />
<br />
span.mw-headline {<br />
margin-bottom:18px !important;<br />
}<br />
#mw-content h1.firstHeading {<br />
border-bottom: solid 1px #008b9c;<br />
}<br />
#mw-content h1, #mw-content h2 {border-bottom: solid 1px #008b9c;}<br />
<br />
.color-middle, .color-left, .color-right {color:#008b9c;background:#008b9c;}<br />
a {color:#008b9c;}<br />
a:hover {color:#cb4a3b;}<br />
<br />
li a.selflink {font-weight:bold !important;}<br />
<br />
.left80 {margin-left: -80px;}<br />
<br />
/* ALT MENUING */<br />
<br />
/* Menu Styles */<br />
<br />
.third-level-menu<br />
{<br />
position: absolute;<br />
top: 0;<br />
right: -150px;<br />
width: 150px;<br />
list-style: none;<br />
padding: 0 0 0 10px;<br />
margin: 0;<br />
display: none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.third-level-menu > li<br />
{<br />
height: 30px;<br />
background: #adadad;<br />
padding-left:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.second-level-menu<br />
{<br />
position: absolute;<br />
top: 23px;<br />
left: 0;<br />
width: 280px;<br />
list-style: none;<br />
padding: 0;<br />
margin: 0;<br />
display: none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.second-level-menu > li<br />
{<br />
position: relative;<br />
height: 30px;<br />
background: #adadad;<br />
margin-bottom:0px;<br />
margin-top:0px;<br />
width:180px;<br />
padding-left:10px;<br />
padding-right:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.top-level-menu<br />
{<br />
list-style: none;<br />
padding: 0 10px 0 10px;<br />
margin-left:-10px !important;<br />
margin-top:-100px !important;<br />
<br />
}<br />
<br />
.top-level-menu > li<br />
{<br />
position: relative;<br />
float: left;<br />
height: 35px;<br />
color:#eee;<br />
background: #adadad;<br />
padding-left:10px;<br />
padding-right:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.top-level-menu li:hover > ul<br />
{<br />
/* On hover, display the next level's menu */<br />
display: inline;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
/* Menu Link Styles */<br />
<br />
ul.top-level-menu a /* Apply to all links inside the multi-level menu */<br />
{<br />
color: white;<br />
text-decoration: none;<br />
padding: .25em .5em .25em 0;<br />
<br />
/* Make the link cover the entire list item-container */<br />
display: inline-block;<br />
}<br />
.top-level-menu > li:hover { background: #CCCCCC; }<br />
.second-level-menu > li:hover { background: #CCCCCC; }<br />
.third-level-menu > li:hover { background: #CCCCCC; }<br />
<br />
.top-level-menu a:hover { color: #000000; }<br />
.second-level-menu a:hover { color: #000000;} <br />
.third-level-menu a:hover { color: #000000;} <br />
<br />
/* END ALT MENUING */<br />
<br />
<br />
/*<br />
div.topnav ul {<br />
list-style-type: none;<br />
margin: 0;<br />
margin-bottom:28px;<br />
padding: 0;<br />
overflow: hidden;<br />
background-color: #fffafa;<br />
border-bottom: 1px solid #888<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.topnav li {<br />
float: left;<br />
;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.topnav li a {<br />
display: block;<br />
color: #222;<br />
text-align: center;<br />
padding: 0 10px 0 10px;<br />
text-decoration: none;<br />
transition: .8s background-color;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
div.nav ul {<br />
list-style-type: none;<br />
margin: 0;<br />
margin-bottom:28px;<br />
padding: 0;<br />
overflow: hidden;<br />
background-color: #fafffa;<br />
border-bottom: 1px solid #888<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.nav li {<br />
float: left;<br />
;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.nav li a {<br />
display: block;<br />
color: #222;<br />
text-align: center;<br />
padding: 14px 16px;<br />
text-decoration: none;<br />
transition: .8s background-color;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.nav ul a:hover:not(.active) {<br />
background-color: #adadad;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.nav ul .active {<br />
background-color:#adadad;<br />
}<br />
<br />
*/<br />
<br />
<br />
div.toc-mobile h2 {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
div.toc <br />
{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
div#toc {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
blockquote.definition, div.definition {<br />
margin-top:30px;<br />
margin-bottom:25px;<br />
padding-top:0px;<br />
padding-left:15px;<br />
clear:left;<br />
border-left: 1px solid #adadad !important;<br />
display:block;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Noto+Sans|Noto+Serif")<br />
<br />
body {font-family: "Noto Sans", sans-serif}<br />
/* changes the default font used for MediaWiki to Noto Sans (does not include headings or monospaced text) */<br />
<br />
div#content h1, div#content h2 {font-family: "Noto Serif", serif}<br />
/* changes the default font used for MediaWiki headings to Noto Serif */<br />
<br />
/* PIVOT THEME */ <br />
<br />
/* Custom colors - top bar*/<br />
.tab-bar {<br />
background: #517e9f;<br />
}<br />
/* Navigation Labels on Sidebar */<br />
/* style the labels */<br />
ul.side-nav label {<br />
background: #eee;<br />
color: #333;<br />
padding: .25em .5em;<br />
}<br />
ul.side-nav a {<br />
color: #fff !important;<br />
}<br />
/* sidebar background color */<br />
body {<br />
background-color: #adadad !important;<br />
}<br />
Main Body of Page Content<br />
/* controls the main body area styling */<br />
#p-cactions {<br />
padding-top: 1.5em;<br />
padding-bottom: .5em;<br />
background-color: #f1fefe;<br />
border-left: 1px solid #ccc;<br />
border-right: 1px solid #ccc;<br />
}</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Common.css&diff=29476MediaWiki:Common.css2025-03-17T18:50:36Z<p>Tristan: </p>
<hr />
<div>/* CSS placed here will be applied to all skins */<br />
<br />
div#mw-content-subtitle {display:none;}<br />
h1.title {display:none;}<br />
span.mw-page-title-main {display:none;}<br />
h3#tagline {display:none;}<br />
.mw-editsection {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
h1.customtitle {<br />
margin-top:-30px;<br />
}<br />
.collapsible-header {<br />
display:block;<br />
margin-bottom:16px !important;<br />
}<br />
<br />
span.mw-headline {<br />
margin-bottom:18px !important;<br />
}<br />
#mw-content h1.firstHeading {<br />
border-bottom: solid 1px #008b9c;<br />
}<br />
#mw-content h1, #mw-content h2 {border-bottom: solid 1px #008b9c;}<br />
<br />
.color-middle, .color-left, .color-right {color:#008b9c;background:#008b9c;}<br />
a {color:#008b9c;}<br />
a:hover {color:#cb4a3b;}<br />
<br />
li a.selflink {font-weight:bold !important;}<br />
<br />
.left80 {margin-left: -80px;}<br />
<br />
/* ALT MENUING */<br />
<br />
/* Menu Styles */<br />
<br />
.third-level-menu<br />
{<br />
position: absolute;<br />
top: 0;<br />
right: -150px;<br />
width: 150px;<br />
list-style: none;<br />
padding: 0 0 0 10px;<br />
margin: 0;<br />
display: none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.third-level-menu > li<br />
{<br />
height: 30px;<br />
background: #adadad;<br />
padding-left:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.second-level-menu<br />
{<br />
position: absolute;<br />
top: 23px;<br />
left: 0;<br />
width: 280px;<br />
list-style: none;<br />
padding: 0;<br />
margin: 0;<br />
display: none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.second-level-menu > li<br />
{<br />
position: relative;<br />
height: 30px;<br />
background: #adadad;<br />
margin-bottom:0px;<br />
margin-top:0px;<br />
width:180px;<br />
padding-left:10px;<br />
padding-right:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.top-level-menu<br />
{<br />
list-style: none;<br />
padding: 0 10px 0 10px;<br />
margin-left:-10px !important;<br />
margin-top:-100px !important;<br />
<br />
}<br />
<br />
.top-level-menu > li<br />
{<br />
position: relative;<br />
float: left;<br />
height: 35px;<br />
color:#eee;<br />
background: #adadad;<br />
padding-left:10px;<br />
padding-right:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.top-level-menu li:hover > ul<br />
{<br />
/* On hover, display the next level's menu */<br />
display: inline;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
/* Menu Link Styles */<br />
<br />
ul.top-level-menu a /* Apply to all links inside the multi-level menu */<br />
{<br />
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}</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Neoliberal_Clubs&diff=28751Neoliberal Clubs2025-03-01T18:07:18Z<p>Tristan: </p>
<hr />
<div>To do<br />
<br />
Neoliberalism interpellation into clubs<br />
<br />
Introduction of Neoliberal ideological clubs (IC)<br />
<br />
* blue club, red club, christian club, islamic club, esoteric club<br />
* Marxist/Athusserian framework: Alienation repackaged as controlled discourse. this discourse<br />
** creates false community instead of class solidary<br />
** creates false enemies <br />
** creates false purpose (Marx 1844)<br />
<br />
Function: Recuperation of class rage into bourgeois democracy (Debord)<br />
<br />
* False community replacing class solidarity (Commodified social relations)<br />
* Ideological interpellation: Membership requires myth adherence (Althusser)<br />
<br />
Opposed sides (left-right)<br />
<br />
* Superstructural illusion: Fake conflict over culture vs. silent consensus on capital (Marx, Gramsci)<br />
* Bourgeois theatre masking class dictatorship. International workers fight among each other. <br />
<br />
Myths/indirect reinforcement<br />
<br />
* Obama myth: False consciousness via moralistic fetishism (Lukács)<br />
* Repressive tolerance: Celebrating "good" capitalists to inoculate against critique (Marcuse)<br />
<br />
Core contradiction:<br />
<br />
* Class struggle buried under managed discourse (Communist Manifesto)<br />
* Solution: Build dual power outside bourgeois frameworks</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Neoliberal_Clubs&diff=28750Neoliberal Clubs2025-03-01T18:03:52Z<p>Tristan: </p>
<hr />
<div>To do<br />
<br />
Neoliberalism interpellation into clubs<br />
<br />
Introduction of Neoliberal ideological clubs (IC)<br />
<br />
* blue club, red club, christian club, islamic club, esoteric club<br />
* Marxist/Athusserian framework: Alienation repackaged as controlled discourse. this discourse<br />
** creates false community instead of class solidary<br />
** creates false enemies <br />
** creates false purpose (Marx 1844)<br />
<br />
Function: Recuperation of class rage into bourgeois democracy (Debord)</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Neoliberal_Clubs&diff=28749Neoliberal Clubs2025-03-01T07:14:40Z<p>Tristan: Created page with "To do Neoliberalism interpellation into clubs"</p>
<hr />
<div>To do<br />
<br />
Neoliberalism interpellation into clubs</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Connection_Supplement&diff=25245Connection Supplement2023-01-24T19:01:54Z<p>Tristan: /* Safety */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{navmenu}}<br />
<h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1><br />
<blockquote class="definition">A '''Connection Supplement''' is a dietary supplement (like [[Cannabis]], [[Psilocybin]], [[Peyote]]) or substance (like [[DMT]], [[LSD]], [[Ketamine]], [[MDMA]], etc.) that forces and facilitates stronger [[Connection]] to [[Consciousness]]. Connection Supplements are a component of [[Connection Practice]]<br />
<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==Elements of Connection Practice== <br />
<br />
[[Connection Practice]] > {{#ask:[[Is an element of::Connection Practice]]}}<br />
<br />
==Syncretic Terms==<br />
<br />
Entheogen, Psychedelic (mind-opening), Psycholytic (mind-releasing)<ref>Pahnke, Walter N., and William A. Richards. “Implications of LSD and Experimental Mysticism.” Journal of Religion and Health 5, no. 3 (1966): 175–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01532646.</ref><br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a syncretic term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related LP Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
<br />
<br />
Connection Supplements may also be referred to as ''psychedelics'' or ''entheogens'' ("God Containing"). Since the action of entheogens is to open a [[Connection]] to [[The Fabric of Consciousness]]/[[Spiritual Ego]], [[Connection Supplement]] is the superior term.<br />
<br />
=== Action ===<br />
<br />
"Psychedelics are serotonin agonists that act predominantly but not exclusively on 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptors."<ref>James Glazer et al., “Low Doses of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) Increase Reward-Related Brain Activity,” ''Neuropsychopharmacology'' 48, no. 2 (January 1, 2023): 418–26,https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-022-01479-y.</ref><br />
<br />
===Safety===<br />
<br />
Early studies found that classic serotonergic psychedelics were safe. <br />
<br />
* Data from the 2001 to 2004 National ''Survey on Drug Use Health'' found no significant association between lifetime use of connection supplements, "lifetime use of specific psychedelics (LSD, psilocybin, mescaline, Peyote) and increase rate of mental health problems."<ref>Johansen, Pål-Ørjan, and Teri Suzanne Krebs. “Psychedelics Not Linked to Mental Health Problems or Suicidal Behavior: A Population Study.” Journal of Psychopharmacology 29, no. 3 (March 1, 2015): 270–79. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881114568039 p.1. </ref> Authors controlled for a range of sociodemographic variables. In fact, the study found exactly the opposite. That "specific psychedelics," like LSD, peyote, psilocybin, mescaline, where associated with ''lower'' rate of "receiving or needing mental health treatment."<ref>Johansen, Pål-Ørjan, and Teri Suzanne Krebs. “Psychedelics Not Linked to Mental Health Problems or Suicidal Behavior: A Population Study.” Journal of Psychopharmacology 29, no. 3 (March 1, 2015): 270–79. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881114568039 p.3. </ref><br />
<br />
"Preliminary findings show few — if any — serious adverse effects." <ref>Tupper, Kenneth W., Evan Wood, Richard Yensen, and Matthew W. Johnson. “Psychedelic Medicine: A Re-Emerging Therapeutic Paradigm.” Canadian Medical Association Journal 187, no. 14 (October 6, 2015): 1054–59. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.141124.<br />
</ref><br />
<br />
Psychedelics are generally known to be safe and use of them does not lead to dependence or addiction. <ref>David E. Nichols, “Psychedelics.,” ''Pharmacological Reviews'' 68, no. 2 (April 2016): 264–355, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.115.011478</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Indigenous Roots ===<br />
The use of connection supplements to induce [[Connection]], to "achieve trance states for perceiving and contacting the supernatural world is evidently an ancient and widespread human practice."<ref>Harner, Michael J. “The Role of Hallucinogenic Plants in European Witchcraft.” In ''Hallucinogens and Shamanism'', edited by Michael J Harner. New York: Oxford University Press, 1973. p. ix</ref> <br />
<br />
Bennett notes the use of Connection Supplements in ancient religions and esoteric practices <ref>Bennett, Chris. Liber 420: Cannabis, Magickal Herbs and the Occult. Walterville, OR: Trine Day, 2018.</ref><br />
<br />
There is evidence that American indigenous folk used ''Sophora secundiflora) over ten thousand years ago, in Texas and Northern Mexico.<ref>Rogers, Spencer L. The Shaman: His Symbols and His Healing Power. Illinois: Charles Thomas Publishers, 1982. p. 145</ref>''<br />
<br />
"The noted ethnobotanist Richard Evans Schultes has identified no less than 80 different hallucinogenic species that were used, and, like the sacred mushrooms, peyote, morning glories, and several hallucinogenic snuffs and beverages, continue to be used in North and South America" <ref>Furst, Peter. “The Roots and Continuities of Shamanism.” Artscanada, 1974. p. 34</ref> As Lisa Red Bear Notes, “We can’t start history of psychedelics in the ‘60s in the Americas; that needs to stop. We [indigenous people] used this medicine before Jesus Christ walked this Earth.”<ref>Quoted in George, Jamilah R., Timothy I. Michaels, Jae Sevelius, and Monnica T. Williams. “The Psychedelic Renaissance and the Limitations of a White-Dominant Medical Framework: A Call for Indigenous and Ethnic Minority Inclusion.” ''Journal of Psychedelic Studies'' 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 4–15. https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2019.015.p.4.</ref><br />
<br />
Connection supplements may also have been important in Pagan cultures, and in women's European shamanic traditions, vilified as witchcraft. There is evidence to suggest that European Witchcraft legends of broom flying and lycanthropy are linked to using the psychoactive plant Datura. "The European witches rubbed their bodies with a hallucinogenic ointment containing such plants as ''Atropa belladonna, Mandragora, '' and henbane, whose content of atropine was absorbed through the skin." <ref>Harner, Michael J. “The Role of Hallucinogenic Plants in European Witchcraft.” In Hallucinogens and Shamanism, edited by Michael J Harner. New York: Oxford University Press, 1973. 0. 129.</ref> <br />
<br />
<br />
Before moving further with your study of connection supplements, read "Psychedelic Renaissance and the Limitations of the White-Dominant Medical Framework"<ref>George, Jamilah R., Timothy I. Michaels, Jae Sevelius, and Monnica T. Williams. “The Psychedelic Renaissance and the Limitations of a White-Dominant Medical Framework: A Call for Indigenous and Ethnic Minority Inclusion.” ''Journal of Psychedelic Studies'' 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 4–15. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2019.015</nowiki>.</ref> and "Indigenous Philosophies and the 'Psychedelic Renaissance'"<ref>Williams, Keith, Osiris Sinuhé González Romero, Michelle Braunstein, and Suzanne Brant. “Indigenous Philosophies and the ‘Psychedelic Renaissance.’” ''Anthropology of Consciousness'' 33, no. 2 (September 1, 2022): 506–27. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1111/anoc.12161</nowiki></ref> so that you might avoid appropriating and exploiting indigenous expertise and might take appropriate steps to include and amplify indigenous voices in the current [[Psychedelic Renaissance]] occurring in Capitalist cultures. <br />
<br />
This consideration must extend to extensive history and experience that Indigenous people have with psychedelic experience and knowledge. <ref>Williams, Keith, Osiris Sinuhé González Romero, Michelle Braunstein, and Suzanne Brant. “Indigenous Philosophies and the ‘Psychedelic Renaissance.’” ''Anthropology of Consciousness'' 33, no. 2 (September 1, 2022): 506–27. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1111/anoc.12161</nowiki></ref> <br />
<br />
Grof refers to various psychedelic plants and their role in facilitating connection.<ref>Grof, Stanislav. “Psychology For the Future: Lessons from Modern Consciousness Research.” ''Spirituality Studies'' 2, no. 1 (2016): 3–36. p. 6.</ref> Grof also relates a discussion with Swami Muktananda who notes that cannabis and soma remain important aspects of hindu spiritual rituals. <ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens''. Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
Grof suggests that LSD (and I would add other connection supplements) operates as an " amplifier or catalyst of mental processes that confronts the experiencer with his own unconscious."<ref>. “Theoretical and Empirical Basis of Transpersonal Psychology and Psychotherapy: Observations from LSD Research.” Journal of Transpersonal Psychology 5, no. 1 (June 1973): 15–53. p. 17.</ref> He further suggests that these allow us to "study the content and dynamics of the unconscious in areas and levels of the human personality that arc difficult to reach with less powerful techniques."<ref>. “Theoretical and Empirical Basis of Transpersonal Psychology and Psychotherapy: Observations from LSD Research.” Journal of Transpersonal Psychology 5, no. 1 (June 1973): 15–53. p. 18.</ref><br />
<br />
Grof also notes that LSD (and other connection supplements) produce experiences indistinguishable from those induced by various [[Connection Techniques]] like sleep and sensory deprivation, hypnosis, etc.<ref>. “Theoretical and Empirical Basis of Transpersonal Psychology and Psychotherapy: Observations from LSD Research.” Journal of Transpersonal Psychology 5, no. 1 (June 1973): 15–53. p. 17.</ref><br />
<br />
[https://www.rxleaf.com/cannabis-in-biblical-times/ Archaeologists in Israel have uncovered fresh evidence of cannabis use in Biblical times.]<br />
<br />
The lunatic Aleister Crowley made extensive use of connection supplements, including Mescaline and Peyote.<ref>Pasi, Marco. “Varieties of Magical Experience: Aleister Crowley’s Views on Occult Practice.” In Aleister Crowley and Western Esotericism, edited by Henrik Bogdan and Martin P. Starr, 53–88. Oxford University Press, 2012.</ref><br />
<br />
Connection supplements induce [[Awakening Experience]]s: "These drugs are not narcotics, sedatives, or energizers, but have the unique effect on the human psyche of bringing into awareness forms of consciousness that are usually hidden or unconscious" <Ref>Pahnke, Walter N., and William A. Richards. “Implications of LSD and Experimental Mysticism.” Journal of Religion and Health 5, no. 3 (1966): 175–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01532646. p. 175</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
There was serious interest in connection supplements in the late 1950s and early 1960s.<Ref>Pahnke, Walter N., and William A. Richards. “Implications of LSD and Experimental Mysticism.” Journal of Religion and Health 5, no. 3 (1966): 175–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01532646. p. 175</ref> Pahnke notes, however, resistance and pushback to the potential of connection supplements. "In the midst of this experimental ferment, however, we are confronted by the very real possibility that the known and unknown uses of these drugs that could prove to be legitimate and beneficial for individual persons and society may be suppressed until some future century when investigation will be permitted to proceed unhampered by popular hysteria and over-restrictive legislation. In the United States, interested and capable scientists are hesitating to investigate this field because of the abundance of unfavorable publicity and the threat of condemnation by identification with irresponsible researchers." <Ref>Pahnke, Walter N., and William A. Richards. “Implications of LSD and Experimental Mysticism.” Journal of Religion and Health 5, no. 3 (1966): 175–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01532646. p. 175-76</ref> <br />
<br />
Pahnke and Richards <ref>Pahnke, Walter N., and William A. Richards. “Implications of LSD and Experimental Mysticism.” Journal of Religion and Health 5, no. 3 (1966): 176. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01532646. p. 175</ref> and Pahnke <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969, 149–62.</ref> summarize early evidence indicating that the connection experiences induced by connection supplements are similar, if not identical, to spontaneous connection experience. Pahnke says <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969, 149–62.</ref><br />
<br />
Timothy Leary notes "sacred mushrooms" sent him on a five-hour connection experience that was "without question the deepest religious experience of my life."<ref>Leary, T. “The Religious Experience: Its Production and Interpretation.” Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 3, no. 1 (1970): 76–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.1970.10471364. p. 324</ref> Leary also suggested that "between 40 and 90 percent of psychedelic subjects report intense religious experience."<ref>Leary, T. “The Religious Experience: Its Production and Interpretation.” Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 3, no. 1 (1970): 76–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.1970.10471364. p. 345</ref> <br />
<br />
Klavetter and Mogar note that LSD can trigger "an experience highly similar to the more inclusive peak experience..."<ref>Klavetter, Robert E., and Robert E. Mogar. “Peak Experiences: Investigation of Their Relationship to Psychedelic Therapy and Self-Actualization.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 7, no. 2 (1967): 171.</ref> The authors also note that the "nature, intensity, and content of the psychedelic state are the result of complex transactions between the subject's past history and personality, the set and expectancies of both subject and administrator,and the physical and psychological milieu in which the experience"<ref>Klavetter, Robert E., and Robert E. Mogar. “Peak Experiences: Investigation of Their Relationship to Psychedelic Therapy and Self-Actualization.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 7, no. 2 (1967): 171.</ref><br />
<br />
Griffiths et. al note that Psilocybin "increased measures of mystical experience. At 2 months, the volunteers rated the psilocybin experience as having substantial personal meaning and spiritual significance and attributed to the experience sustained positive changes in attitudes and behavior consistent with changes rated by community observers."<ref>Griffiths, R. R., W. A. Richards, U. McCann, and R. Jesse. “Psilocybin Can Occasion Mystical-Type Experiences Having Substantial and Sustained Personal Meaning and Spiritual Significance.” Psychopharmacology 187, no. 3 (2006): 268. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-006-0457-5</ref><br />
<br />
Evelyn Underhill references "Alice-in-Wonderland's mushroom" as capable of putting one in touch with more fundamental aspects of reality.<ref>Underhill, Evelyn. Mysticism: A Study in the Nature and Development of Spiritual Consciousness. New York: Dover Publications, 2002. https://amzn.to/2C91xNY.</ref><br />
<br />
Reacting to a "growing chorus of claims...suggesting that the ingestion of certain drugs (e.g., mescaline and LSD) can induce experiences profoundly 'religion' in significance," Oaks<ref>Oakes, Robert A. “Biochemistry and Theistic Mysticism.” Sophia 15, no. 2 (July 1976): 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02798899.</ref> denies, on philosophical grounds, the possibility that connection supplements can induce religious (i.e., connection) experience.<br />
<br />
Psilocybin and jimson weed used by Aztec Priests " Certain priests engaged in prophesies and the interpretation of visions: these could be induced by psychotropic plants - jimson weed, Psilocybe mushrooms, or peyote cactus buttons."<ref>Townsend, Richard f. ''The Aztecs''. London: Thames & Hudson, 2009. p. 206</ref><br />
<br />
===Healing===<br />
<br />
The healing potential of Connection Supplements has been recently rediscovered<ref>Neitzke-Spruill, Logan, and Carol Glasser. “A Gratuitous Grace: The Influence of Religious Set and Intent on the Psychedelic Experience.” Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 50, no. 4 (October 9, 2018): 314–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2018.1494869.</ref>, though as we can see, serious interest was displayed over a century ago. Interest waned as a consequence of elite pushback against the progressive potential of [[Connection Supplements]]<ref>Sosteric. Rocket Scientists’ Guide to Authentic Spirituality. St. Albert, Alberta: Lightning Path Press, 2018. https://amzn.to/2Vnr4L4.</ref>.<br />
<br />
===LSD===<br />
<br />
Alex Mathews-King points out that LSD and magic mushrooms stimulate the growth of "new branches and connections" in the brain and are proving effective in treating chronic and recalcitrant conditions like depression and LSD.<ref>Mathews-King, Alex. “LSD and Magic Mushrooms Could Repair Brain Circuits ‘shrivelled’ by Depression, Finds Study.” The Independent, 2018. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/psychedelic-drugs-brain-repair-lsd-depression-anxiety-lsd-dmt-amphetamines-ketamine-a8395511.html. For the science article, see Ly, Calvin, Alexandra C. Greb, Lindsay P. Cameron, Jonathan M. Wong, Eden V. Barragan, Paige C. Wilson, Kyle F. Burbach, et al. “Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity.” Cell Reports 23, no. 11 (June 12, 2018): 3170–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.022</ref><br />
<br />
LSD and Magic Mushrooms could heal damaged brain cells in people suffering from depression <ref>Mathews-King, Alex. “LSD and Magic Mushrooms Could Repair Brain Circuits ‘shrivelled’ by Depression, Finds Study.” The Independent, 2018. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/psychedelic-drugs-brain-repair-lsd-depression-anxiety-lsd-dmt-amphetamines-ketamine-a8395511.html.</ref> https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/psychedelic-drugs-brain-repair-lsd-depression-anxiety-lsd-dmt-amphetamines-ketamine-a8395511.html<br />
<br />
One study finds that consistent microdosing improves anxiety, stress, and depression and increases life satisfaction<ref>Rootman, Joseph M., Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Vince Polito, Francoise Bourzat, and Zach Walsh. “Adults Who Microdose Psychedelics Report Health Related Motivations and Lower Levels of Anxiety and Depression Compared to Non-Microdosers.” Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (November 18, 2021): 22479. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4.</ref><br />
<br />
'''Depression'''<br />
<br />
Psilocybin therapy 4 times more effective than antidepressants, study finds https://newatlas.com/health-wellbeing/psilocybin-therapy-major-depression-trial-results-johns-hopkins/<br />
<br />
===Cultural Usage of Connection Supplements===<br />
<br />
Anthropologist Margaret Mead noted that [[Kava]], which is used to produce a mild entheogenic drink, was consumed daily by Samoan men and women in a ritual where the "talking chief...serves the kava."<ref>Mead, Margaret. The Coming of Age in Samoa: A Psychological Study of Primitive Youth for Western Civilization. Kindle. New York: William Morrow, 2016. https://amzn.to/2D4znnX</ref><br />
<br />
Cannabis as Connection Supplement is recognized in India.<ref>Adams, Benjamin M. “Temples in India Serve Ganja for Religious Purposes.” Dope Magazine, 2020. https://dopemagazine.com/temples-in-india-serve-ganja-for-religious-purposes/.</ref><br />
<br />
==== The Huichol ====<br />
<br />
The huichol engage in a peyote hunt which includes a 40 day pilgrimage surrounding with rituals of cleansing ("confession") aimed at creating a positive emotional and mental space, allowing them to attain the ultimate goal of the peyote hunt, "the return of the innocence and Paradise of the [[First Time]]." <ref>Myerhoff, Barbara G. ''Peyote Hunt: The Sacred Journey of the Huichol Indians''. London: Cornell University Press, 1974. p. 133. <nowiki>https://archive.org/details/peyotehuntsacred0000myer/page/n5/mode/2up</nowiki>. </ref><br />
<br />
====The Aztecs==== <br />
<br />
In Ancient Aztec culture, the ruling class did psychedelics.<br />
<br />
<blockquote>Another way that nobles and macehualtin who were elevated to noble status as a result of extraordinary feats on the battlefield acquired magical power was through the ingestion of ca- cao, the inhaling of burning incense, and the taking of psychotropic drugs such as peyote or hallucinogenic mushrooms. The visionary state that resulted from ingesting these plants was a direct communication with gods and goddesses, who entered into human awareness during these times. It was thought that the nobles became stronger and more effective in their public duties when they ate peyote, cacao, mushrooms, or human flesh. This was a privilege of the noble class, but it must be remembered that the main purpose was to enable them to carry out their responsibilities more effectively. <ref>Carrasco, David, and Scott Sessions. ''Daily Life of the Aztecs.'' London: Greenwood Press, 1998. p. 134.</ref> </blockquote><br />
<br />
====Mazatec Indians====<br />
<br />
Amongst the Mazatec, who use psilocybin mushrooms for healing and contact with the spiritual realms, "Usually several members of a family eat the mushrooms together: it is not uncommon for a father, mother, children, uncles, and aunts to all participate in these transformations of the mind that elevate consciousness onto a higher plane."<ref>Munn, Henry. “The Mushrooms of Language.” In Hallucinogens and Shamanism, edited by Michael J Harner, 86–122. New York: Oxford University Press, 1973. p.86</ref><br />
<br />
====The Jivaro of Bolivia====<br />
<br />
"The Jivaro believe that the true determinants of life and death are normally invisible forces which can be seen and<br />
utilized only with the aid of hallucinogenic drugs. The normal waking life is explicitly viewed as "false" or "a lie," and<br />
it is firmly believed that truth about causality is to be found by entering the supernatural world or what the Jivaro view<br />
as the "real" world, for they feel that the events which take place within it underlie and are the basis for many of surface manifestation and mysteries of daily life.<br />
<br />
Thus, within a few days of birth, a baby is given a hallucinogenic dn1g to help it enter the "real" world and hopefully<br />
to obtain help in surviving the hazards of infancy through seeing an "ancient specter." If an older child misbehaves, his parents may administer another, stronger, hallucinogen to enable him to see that the "reality" on which<br />
they base their knowledge and authority does indeed exist.<br />
<br />
Even hunting dogs are given their own special hallucinogen to provide them with the essential contact with the supernatural plane. Finally, entrance into the normally invisible realm is considered so essential to success that the two kinds of<br />
leaders in Jfvaro society, the outstanding killers (kakaram) and shamans, are the two types of persons for whom hallucinogenic drugs tend to have the most important role. Their achievements are believed by the Jfvaro to be directly connected to their ability to enter, and utilize the souls and spuits of, that "real" world."<ref>Harner, Michael J. The Jivaro: People of the Sacred Waterfalls. London: Robert Hale & Company, 1972. p.134-5 </ref><br />
<br />
===Details===<br />
<br />
Connection supplements vary in intensity of connection and duration of effect. <br />
<br />
Regarding intensity and duration, LSD has high intensity and long duration, while cannabis has lower intensity and lower duration. Note that there is a considerable difference in duration between cannabis that is inhaled and cannabis that is ingested. When inhaled, duration is typically 90 minutes. When ingested, duration is approximately six hours.<br />
<br />
In general, guidance from experienced and authentic new energy guides is recommended, especially when attempting connection with more intense substances.<br />
<br />
To achieve successful, grounded, aligned, non-paranoid, fear-less connection, it is important to establish [[Aligned Thought]], [[Aligned Environment]], and [[Aligned Action]]. [[Lightning Path]] materials, and in particular the [[Triumph of Spirit Archetype System]], are designed to help facilitate alignment. To get started on the Lightning Path, visit https://www.lightningpath.org/.<br />
<br />
[[Set and Setting]], another way of looking at Aligned Thought and Aligned Environment, is important. Connection supplements do not invariably lead to [[Connection Experiences]] As Huston notes, "given the right set and setting, the drugs can induce religious experiences that are indistinguishable from such experiences that occurs spontaneously.<ref>Huston, Smith. Cleansing the Doors of Perception. Boulder, CO: Sentient Publications, 2000. p. 20. https://amzn.to/2tZmoPw</ref> <br />
<br />
Neurology is not well understood at this time, but it appears that connection is facilitated via suppression of the [[Default Mode Network]] (Sosteric, SOA) and activation of unused neural pathways.<br />
<br />
In regards to cannabis, [https://www.wired.com/story/scientists-map-the-receptor-that-makes-weed-work/ the cannabinoid receptors (CB1) are located throughout the body, in the brain, liver, lungs fat cells, uterus, and sperm!]. When either endogenous or exogenous cannabinoids are present, these bind to the receptors and trigger a "cornucopia" of chemical signals. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabinoid_receptor See also this]. Cannabis is thus likely involved in more than just the facilitation of connection.<br />
<br />
==Additional Reading==<br />
<br />
* [https://reset.me Rest Me] - An excellent site on the healing and connecting properties of various connection supplements. <br />
<br />
{{courses}}<br />
<br />
{{lp150}}<br />
<br />
{{template:endstuff}}<br />
<br />
[[category:terms]]<br />
[[category:lightningpath]]<br />
<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Awakening| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Alignment| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Atonement| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Activation| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Ascension| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Accountability| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection Practice| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection Visualization| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection Affirmation| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Shaman| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Chakras| ]]<br />
[[Is an element of::Connection Practice| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection Axes| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=LSD&diff=25220LSD2023-01-20T17:25:09Z<p>Tristan: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{navmenu}}<br />
<h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1><br />
<blockquote class="definition"><br />
'''LSD''' is long duration, high power [[Connection Supplement]].<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related LP Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
==Notes==<br />
Statistics show overall LSD and psychedelic use has increased from the years 2002-2019. <ref>Ofir Livne et al., “Adolescent and Adult Time Trends in US Hallucinogen Use, 2002–19: Any Use, and Use of Ecstasy, LSD and PCP.,” ''Addiction'' 117, no. 12 (December 2022): 3099–3109.</ref><br />
<br />
Low doses of LSD (13ug-26ug) have the same positive emotional and cognitive impacts as base-standard doses of LSD (75ug). Study shows EEG effects are similar with both ranges of doses. <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref><br />
<br />
As Wießner et al shows, low doses of LSD moderately induced the "afterglow" effect in test subjects. However, the researcher concludes that improvements to visuospatial memory and phonological fluency suggest that LSD-assisted therapies can be explored as novel-treatments for brain injuries, strokes, and language decline. <ref>Isabel Wießner et al., “LSD, Afterglow and Hangover: Increased Episodic Memory and Verbal Fluency, Decreased Cognitive Flexibility,” ''European Neuropsychopharmacology'' 58 (May 1, 2022): 7–19.</ref><br />
<br />
Lifetime use of LSD, MDMA, and Psilocybin mushrooms is associated with significantly lower rates of major depressive episodes (MDEs). Jones et al. finds that Psilocybin is associated with reduced past-year MDEs whereas LSD/MDMA are associated with a global reduction in MDEs. <ref>Grant M. Jones and Matthew K. Nock, “Lifetime Use of MDMA/Ecstasy and Psilocybin Is Associated with Reduced Odds of Major Depressive Episodes,” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 36, no. 1 (January 2022): 57–65, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211066714</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
"LSD produced long-lasting and notable reductions in anxiety and comorbid depression symptoms up to 16 weeks." <ref>Friederike Holze et al., “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide–Assisted Therapy in Patients With Anxiety With and Without a Life-Threatening Illness: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase II Study,” ''Biological Psychiatry'' 93, no. 3 (February 1, 2023): 215–23, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.08.025</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
"two high doses of LSD in patients with a life‐threatening illness resulted in reductions in anxiety for up to 2 months." Researchers concluded that the LSD treatments resulted in rapid improvement in depressive symptoms and highlighted uses for LSD in long-term treatment for anxiety. <ref>“LSD Reduces Anxiety Symptoms in Phase 2 Trial.,” ''Brown University Psychopharmacology Update'' 34, no. 1 (January 2023): 2, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.30965</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
Glazer et al. attributed to low doses of LSD and their positive effects on the reward processing centers of the brain. Suggests that low doses of LSD may be important for treating depression. "The current study examined the effects of single, low doses of LSD (13 and 26 μg) versus placebo (LSD-0) on neural activity during reward processing in healthy adults. Compared to LSD-0, LSD-13 enhanced the hedonic and affective impact of reward (vs. neutral) feedback, reflected by increased RewP and LPP amplitudes, while both LSD-13 and LSD-26 increased the motivational salience of positive (vs. negative) feedback, reflected by increased FB-P3 amplitudes. Of note, these doses produce subjective effects that are comparable to low doses of amphetamine [50], including increases in energy, positive mood, elation, anxiety, and intellectual efficiency [12]. The ERP amplitudes in the current study were unrelated to most of these subjective effects (see Supplementary Materials). These results suggest single, low doses of LSD broadly increased neural sensitivity to reward feedback, particularly at doses that produce few perceptible subjective effects. If these findings extend to repeated doses in symptomatic participants, they may have important implications for the treatment of depressive disorders." <ref>James Glazer et al., “Low Doses of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) Increase Reward-Related Brain Activity,” ''Neuropsychopharmacology'' 48, no. 2 (January 1, 2023): 418–26, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-022-01479-y</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
"It has been proposed that classical psychedelics produce therapeutic effects by altering spontaneous cortical activity, inducing neural entropy that counters maladaptive neuroplasticity and associated mental rigidity" <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref> This action noted and discuss by Carhart-Harris and Friston. <ref>R. L. Carhart-Harris and K. J. Friston, “REBUS and the Anarchic Brain: Toward a Unified Model of the Brain Action of Psychedelics,” ed. Eric L. Barker, ''Pharmacological Reviews'' 71, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 316, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.118.017160</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
Low doses of LSD (20ug) significantly increased the time subjects were able to withstand cold temperature. The dose also reduced the subjects subjective levels of pain and unpleasantness. <ref>Johannes G Ramaekers et al., “A Low Dose of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Decreases Pain Perception in Healthy Volunteers,” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 35, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 398–405, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881120940937</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
LSD increases the effect (wonderment, awe, power, transcendence, feeling, etc) of music on an individual. <ref>Mendel Kaelen et al., “The Hidden Therapist: Evidence for a Central Role of Music Inpsychedelic Therapy,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 235, no. 2 (February 1, 2018): 505–19, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-017-4820-5</nowiki>.</ref> <ref>M. Kaelen et al., “LSD Enhances the Emotional Response to Music,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 232, no. 19 (October 1, 2015): 3607–14, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-015-4014-y</nowiki>.</ref> <ref>Frederick Barrett, Katrin Preller, and Mendel Kaelen, “Psychedelics and Music: Neuroscience and Therapeutic Implications,” ''International Review of Psychiatry'' 30 (September 21, 2018): 1–13, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2018.1484342</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
==Enhancements==<br />
<br />
'''Affective'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
'''Creative'''<br />
<br />
'''Empathic'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
LSD has nootropic properties.<ref>Dolan, Eric W. “Neuroscience Research Suggests LSD Might Enhance Learning and Memory by Promoting Brain Plasticity.” PsyPost, August 11, 2022. <nowiki>https://www.psypost.org/2022/08/neuroscience-research-suggests-lsd-might-enhance-learning-and-memory-by-promoting-brain-plasticity-63701</nowiki>.</ref> LSD " LSD increased markers of neuroplasticity in human brain organoids, increased novelty preference in rats, and improved memory performance in humans." For the scholarly article behind the news articles, [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001448862200173X see this link].<ref>Ornelas, Isis M., Felipe A. Cini, Isabel Wießner, Encarni Marcos, Dráulio B. Araújo, Livia Goto-Silva, Juliana Nascimento, et al. “Nootropic Effects of LSD: Behavioral, Molecular and Computational Evidence.” ''Experimental Neurology'' 356 (October 1, 2022): 114148. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114148</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
LSD makes the mouse more social.<ref>Inserra, Antonio, Giada Giorgini, Sebastien Lacroix, Antonella Bertazzo, Jocelyn Choo, Athanasios Markopolous, Emily Grant, et al. “Effects of Repeated Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) on the Mouse Brain Endocannabinoidome and Gut Microbiome.” ''British Journal of Pharmacology'', October 31, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15977</ref><br />
<br />
LSD is a "chemical able to produce profound changes of consciousness...and...far reaching insights into one's own self and...one's relationship to others. Some takers of it have even felt that they had won an insight into the 'nature of the Universe and the purpose of Life.'...These insights can be remembered and, if the person wishes, can be incorporated into his or her everyday life to bring it a "better order."<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9</ref><br />
<br />
LSD increases awareness and intensifies perception, enhances creativity, reduces fear (of death for e.g.), distorts time, and is "eudaemonic,"<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9.</ref> but not always. "As I’d discovered to my regret, if you take mushrooms or acid when you feel low, they do not enhance your mood, but instead exacerbate your anxiety and distress."<ref>Szalavitz, Maia. Unbroken Brain: A Revolutionary New Way of Understanding Addiction (pp. 106-107). St. Martin's Press. Kindle Edition.</ref><br />
<br />
When LSD was first discovered, it was quickly recognized as having both healing and spiritual import. Morgar<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 147–66.</ref> notes, "the major application of LSD today is to ''treat'' mental illness...", something which it proved particularly adept at doing. Pahnke echoes this sentiment noting that "in the 1940's ... interest in psychedelic drugs as an experimental psychiatric tool became widespread." <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969. p. 158.</ref><br />
<br />
A growing body of research indicates the healing potential of LSD and other [[Connection Supplements]]<ref>Rootman, Joseph M., Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Vince Polito, Francoise Bourzat, and Zach Walsh. “Adults Who Microdose Psychedelics Report Health Related Motivations and Lower Levels of Anxiety and Depression Compared to Non-Microdosers.” Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (November 18, 2021): 22479. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4.</ref><br />
<br />
Treatment of mental illness is facilitated by increased neuritogenesis, spinogenesis, and synaptogenesis.<ref>Ly, Calvin, Alexandra C. Greb, Lindsay P. Cameron, Jonathan M. Wong, Eden V. Barragan, Paige C. Wilson, Kyle F. Burbach, et al. “Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity.” Cell Reports 23, no. 11 (June 12, 2018): 3170–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.022</ref><br />
<br />
Morgar notes, LSD can be used in two modalities. "One emphasizes the use of LSD periodically and in small doses as an adjunct to traditional techniques of psychotherapy (Crockett, et al., 1963). The other major approach employs LSD in a single, large dose, producing an intense and prolonged psychedelic experience. Applied in this manner, LSD serves as a catalyst for inducing rapid and profound changes in the subject's value-belief system and in his self-image...."<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156.</ref> The latter technique "places greater emphasis on its more unique potentialities and value, namely, as a means of facilitating personal growth and self-actualization. Rather than freedom from emotional symptoms, the primary objective of the psychedelic experience becomes a major reorganization of one's beliefs and life outlook. In short, the first method is essentially illness-oriented, the second, health or growth oriented." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156-7.</ref> He continues "When employed as an adjunct to psychotherapy, most investigators have associated the beneficial effects of LSD with reduced defensiveness, the reliving of early childhood experiences, increased access to unconscious material, and greater emotional expression. In contrast, when used as a primary vehicle for rapid personality change, emphasis is usually placed on the transcendental quality of the experience, the resynthesis of basic values and beliefs, and major changes in the relationship between self and environment." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 157.</ref> In other words, as a [[Connection Supplement]], LSD can be used to [[Heal]] and [[Connection]]<br />
<br />
==Klee==<br />
<br />
Klee<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 461–74.</ref> notes that LSD operates by breaking down ego barriers (by suppressing the [[Bodily Ego]]). This operates at two levels. One is to reduce the individual's ability to filter stimuli, and the other is to reduce the ability of the [[Bodily Ego]] to mobilize defence mechanisms. <br />
<br />
On inability to filter stimulu: "There is some reason to suspect that integrative mechanisms within the central nervous system (CNS) which handle inflowing stimuli are no longer able to limit the spread of excitation in the usual ways."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 465.</ref> Note in this context the phenomenon of [[Flooding]], which is a [[Connection Outcome]]. Klee actually uses the term flooding to describe the stimulus overload that can occur. Klee notes several dimension of cognitive impairment, particularly at high doses. <br />
<br />
On the impact of LSD on the Bodily Ego and bodily ego defense mechanism "It is generally remarked that LSD dissolves the repressive barriers, or that defense mechanisms are generally impaired. These statements, in my opinion, are not entirely accurate. It is true that the subject's ability to repress is likely to be impaired. But as these barriers are lowered, and charged material threatens to enter awareness, an increased mobilization of repressive efforts often occurs in waves, operating massively and crudely to block out not only the threatening material but much associated material as well. As repression fails further, various other more regressive mechanisms are brought into play, such as denial and projection. Only occasionally will defense mechanisms fail almost entirely in certain subjects and a panic state ensue. More often, new defenses are brought into play, and the subject reaches relative equilibrium at a more regressed level. Certain mechanisms, especially repression and reaction formation, appear to be most vulnerable to LSD. Other, presumably more primitive defenses, such as regression denial, introjection, and projection, may function very effectively. For example, some predisposed subjects are capable of developing highly systematized paranoid delusions under the effects of marked LSD intoxication. In each case, subjects tend to fall back on those defenses which are most available to them, based upon their personality structures."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 470-1.</ref><br />
<br />
The loss of "stimulus barries" and the negation of defense mechanisms may lead to [[Zenith Experience]]s, but they may also cause difficulty, particularly in cases where the [[Bodily Ego]] is damaged by [[Toxic Socialization]]. "The consequences to the subject of the apparent loss of stimulus barriers is in some respects analogous to the situation in a traumatic neurosis. Only in this case it needs a much milder stimulus to produce traumatic effects. Thus, a slightly threatening situation, such as mild reprobation, scorn, or unfriendliness from another person, may loom large and ominous to the subject. Strong affective reactions may occur with what appears to be only the slightest provocation."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 467.</ref> When interacting with an individual with severe damage, caution should be exercised. "On some occasions during our studies we have seen subjects who found it difficult or impossible to control their behavior. These were usually persons who were rather aggressive and impulsive to begin with, but it sometimes occurs in other types. In the experimental setting, of course, these subjects were usually friendly and cooperative initially, but after taking LSD they found themselves overwhelmed with impulses, often of an assaultive nature. These feelings sometimes appeared to arise spontaneously or were provoked by a relatively slight incident, such as a painful venipuncture or a witticism directed at them by another subject. A subject at such times<br />
could barely resist putting his impulses into action. He would pace about, clench his fists, and grind his teeth to maintain control. Sometimes full-blown panic would ensue in the face of homicidal impulses which the subject felt he might be unable to control. One subject developed what appeared to be an hysterical paralysis of his limbs, apparently as a last-ditch control against assaultive behavior."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 471.</ref><br />
<br />
== Anecdotes ==<br />
<br />
Eating Disorder<br />
<br />
https://www.reddit.com/r/RationalPsychonaut/comments/vs6v1o/i_cured_my_disordered_eating_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
Awakening to reality <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/sxp477/this_society_is_poison/ <br />
<br />
Weight Loss <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/r9bbcd/update_post_last_march_lsd_inspired_me_to_start_a/<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rm5jdl/update_few_months_later_after_bad_trip/<br />
<br />
Improves cognitive functions (7-8 ug). https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rbrxvu/coding_its_so_fun_on_a_microdose/<br />
<br />
Curing addiction<br />
<br />
* to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rvp2f2/ive_been_alcohol_free_for_100_days_after_taking/<br />
*to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/Psychonaut/comments/wuua1b/i_think_lsd_may_have_killed_my_desire_to_drink/<br />
Mental Health<br />
<br />
* Used to facilitate mental healing and mental health https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/s7siio/self_medicating_my_mental_illnesses_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
[[Transformation''<br />
<br />
[[Grof, Stanislav|Stanislav Grof]] got started on his transpersonal path with a profound LSD experience he had while volunteering as a subject in LSD trials. <ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref> In this experience he confronted his unconscious psyche, downloaded a shit ton of information, and finally experienced an expansion of consciousness to cosmic levels.<ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== Additional Reading ==<br />
<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysergic_acid_diethylamide#Spiritual Wikipedia entry LSD] <br />
* [https://www.trippingly.net/lsd/lsd-trip-length-duration-and-intensity LSD Trip Length / Duration and Intensity - Guidance]<br />
* [https://www.verywellmind.com/what-does-it-feel-like-to-get-high-on-acid-21886 Understanding the Acid Trip Experience]<br />
<br />
{{template:endstuff}}<br />
<br />
[[category:terms]]<br />
[[Is a::Connection Supplement| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Measurements&diff=25219Measurements2023-01-20T17:12:08Z<p>Tristan: Created page with ""Spielberger's State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory‐Global (STAI‐G) score" <ref>“LSD Reduces Anxiety Symptoms in Phase 2 Trial.,” ''Brown University Psychopharmacology Upda..."</p>
<hr />
<div>"Spielberger's State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory‐Global (STAI‐G) score" <ref>“LSD Reduces Anxiety Symptoms in Phase 2 Trial.,” ''Brown University Psychopharmacology Update'' 34, no. 1 (January 2023): 2, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1002/pu.30965</nowiki>.</ref></div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=LSD&diff=25196LSD2023-01-15T18:34:57Z<p>Tristan: /* Notes */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{navmenu}}<br />
<h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1><br />
<blockquote class="definition"><br />
'''LSD''' is long duration, high power [[Connection Supplement]].<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related LP Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
==Notes==<br />
Statistics show overall LSD and psychedelic use has increased from the years 2002-2019. <ref>Ofir Livne et al., “Adolescent and Adult Time Trends in US Hallucinogen Use, 2002–19: Any Use, and Use of Ecstasy, LSD and PCP.,” ''Addiction'' 117, no. 12 (December 2022): 3099–3109.</ref><br />
<br />
Low doses of LSD (13ug-26ug) have the same positive emotional and cognitive impacts as base-standard doses of LSD (75ug). Study shows EEG effects are similar with both ranges of doses. <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref><br />
<br />
As Wießner et al shows, low doses of LSD moderately induced the "afterglow" effect in test subjects. However, the researcher concludes that improvements to visuospatial memory and phonological fluency suggest that LSD-assisted therapies can be explored as novel-treatments for brain injuries, strokes, and language decline. <ref>Isabel Wießner et al., “LSD, Afterglow and Hangover: Increased Episodic Memory and Verbal Fluency, Decreased Cognitive Flexibility,” ''European Neuropsychopharmacology'' 58 (May 1, 2022): 7–19.</ref><br />
<br />
Lifetime use of LSD, MDMA, and Psilocybin mushrooms is associated with significantly lower rates of major depressive episodes (MDEs). Jones et al. finds that Psilocybin is associated with reduced past-year MDEs whereas LSD/MDMA are associated with a global reduction in MDEs. <ref>Grant M. Jones and Matthew K. Nock, “Lifetime Use of MDMA/Ecstasy and Psilocybin Is Associated with Reduced Odds of Major Depressive Episodes,” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 36, no. 1 (January 2022): 57–65, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211066714</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
"LSD produced long-lasting and notable reductions in anxiety and comorbid depression symptoms up to 16 weeks." <ref>Friederike Holze et al., “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide–Assisted Therapy in Patients With Anxiety With and Without a Life-Threatening Illness: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase II Study,” ''Biological Psychiatry'' 93, no. 3 (February 1, 2023): 215–23, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.08.025</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
Glazer et al. attributed to low doses of LSD and their positive effects on the reward processing centers of the brain. Suggests that low doses of LSD may be important for treating depression. "The current study examined the effects of single, low doses of LSD (13 and 26 μg) versus placebo (LSD-0) on neural activity during reward processing in healthy adults. Compared to LSD-0, LSD-13 enhanced the hedonic and affective impact of reward (vs. neutral) feedback, reflected by increased RewP and LPP amplitudes, while both LSD-13 and LSD-26 increased the motivational salience of positive (vs. negative) feedback, reflected by increased FB-P3 amplitudes. Of note, these doses produce subjective effects that are comparable to low doses of amphetamine [50], including increases in energy, positive mood, elation, anxiety, and intellectual efficiency [12]. The ERP amplitudes in the current study were unrelated to most of these subjective effects (see Supplementary Materials). These results suggest single, low doses of LSD broadly increased neural sensitivity to reward feedback, particularly at doses that produce few perceptible subjective effects. If these findings extend to repeated doses in symptomatic participants, they may have important implications for the treatment of depressive disorders." <ref>James Glazer et al., “Low Doses of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) Increase Reward-Related Brain Activity,” ''Neuropsychopharmacology'' 48, no. 2 (January 1, 2023): 418–26, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-022-01479-y</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
"It has been proposed that classical psychedelics produce therapeutic effects by altering spontaneous cortical activity, inducing neural entropy that counters maladaptive neuroplasticity and associated mental rigidity" <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref> This action noted and discuss by Carhart-Harris and Friston. <ref>R. L. Carhart-Harris and K. J. Friston, “REBUS and the Anarchic Brain: Toward a Unified Model of the Brain Action of Psychedelics,” ed. Eric L. Barker, ''Pharmacological Reviews'' 71, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 316, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.118.017160</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
Low doses of LSD (20ug) significantly increased the time subjects were able to withstand cold temperature. The dose also reduced the subjects subjective levels of pain and unpleasantness. <ref>Johannes G Ramaekers et al., “A Low Dose of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Decreases Pain Perception in Healthy Volunteers,” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 35, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 398–405, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881120940937</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
LSD increases the effect (wonderment, awe, power, transcendence, feeling, etc) of music on an individual. <ref>Mendel Kaelen et al., “The Hidden Therapist: Evidence for a Central Role of Music Inpsychedelic Therapy,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 235, no. 2 (February 1, 2018): 505–19, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-017-4820-5</nowiki>.</ref> <ref>M. Kaelen et al., “LSD Enhances the Emotional Response to Music,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 232, no. 19 (October 1, 2015): 3607–14, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-015-4014-y</nowiki>.</ref> <ref>Frederick Barrett, Katrin Preller, and Mendel Kaelen, “Psychedelics and Music: Neuroscience and Therapeutic Implications,” ''International Review of Psychiatry'' 30 (September 21, 2018): 1–13, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2018.1484342</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
==Enhancements==<br />
<br />
'''Affective'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
'''Creative'''<br />
<br />
'''Empathic'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
LSD has nootropic properties.<ref>Dolan, Eric W. “Neuroscience Research Suggests LSD Might Enhance Learning and Memory by Promoting Brain Plasticity.” PsyPost, August 11, 2022. <nowiki>https://www.psypost.org/2022/08/neuroscience-research-suggests-lsd-might-enhance-learning-and-memory-by-promoting-brain-plasticity-63701</nowiki>.</ref> LSD " LSD increased markers of neuroplasticity in human brain organoids, increased novelty preference in rats, and improved memory performance in humans." For the scholarly article behind the news articles, [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001448862200173X see this link].<ref>Ornelas, Isis M., Felipe A. Cini, Isabel Wießner, Encarni Marcos, Dráulio B. Araújo, Livia Goto-Silva, Juliana Nascimento, et al. “Nootropic Effects of LSD: Behavioral, Molecular and Computational Evidence.” ''Experimental Neurology'' 356 (October 1, 2022): 114148. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114148</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
LSD makes the mouse more social.<ref>Inserra, Antonio, Giada Giorgini, Sebastien Lacroix, Antonella Bertazzo, Jocelyn Choo, Athanasios Markopolous, Emily Grant, et al. “Effects of Repeated Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) on the Mouse Brain Endocannabinoidome and Gut Microbiome.” ''British Journal of Pharmacology'', October 31, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15977</ref><br />
<br />
LSD is a "chemical able to produce profound changes of consciousness...and...far reaching insights into one's own self and...one's relationship to others. Some takers of it have even felt that they had won an insight into the 'nature of the Universe and the purpose of Life.'...These insights can be remembered and, if the person wishes, can be incorporated into his or her everyday life to bring it a "better order."<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9</ref><br />
<br />
LSD increases awareness and intensifies perception, enhances creativity, reduces fear (of death for e.g.), distorts time, and is "eudaemonic,"<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9.</ref> but not always. "As I’d discovered to my regret, if you take mushrooms or acid when you feel low, they do not enhance your mood, but instead exacerbate your anxiety and distress."<ref>Szalavitz, Maia. Unbroken Brain: A Revolutionary New Way of Understanding Addiction (pp. 106-107). St. Martin's Press. Kindle Edition.</ref><br />
<br />
When LSD was first discovered, it was quickly recognized as having both healing and spiritual import. Morgar<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 147–66.</ref> notes, "the major application of LSD today is to ''treat'' mental illness...", something which it proved particularly adept at doing. Pahnke echoes this sentiment noting that "in the 1940's ... interest in psychedelic drugs as an experimental psychiatric tool became widespread." <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969. p. 158.</ref><br />
<br />
A growing body of research indicates the healing potential of LSD and other [[Connection Supplements]]<ref>Rootman, Joseph M., Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Vince Polito, Francoise Bourzat, and Zach Walsh. “Adults Who Microdose Psychedelics Report Health Related Motivations and Lower Levels of Anxiety and Depression Compared to Non-Microdosers.” Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (November 18, 2021): 22479. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4.</ref><br />
<br />
Treatment of mental illness is facilitated by increased neuritogenesis, spinogenesis, and synaptogenesis.<ref>Ly, Calvin, Alexandra C. Greb, Lindsay P. Cameron, Jonathan M. Wong, Eden V. Barragan, Paige C. Wilson, Kyle F. Burbach, et al. “Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity.” Cell Reports 23, no. 11 (June 12, 2018): 3170–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.022</ref><br />
<br />
Morgar notes, LSD can be used in two modalities. "One emphasizes the use of LSD periodically and in small doses as an adjunct to traditional techniques of psychotherapy (Crockett, et al., 1963). The other major approach employs LSD in a single, large dose, producing an intense and prolonged psychedelic experience. Applied in this manner, LSD serves as a catalyst for inducing rapid and profound changes in the subject's value-belief system and in his self-image...."<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156.</ref> The latter technique "places greater emphasis on its more unique potentialities and value, namely, as a means of facilitating personal growth and self-actualization. Rather than freedom from emotional symptoms, the primary objective of the psychedelic experience becomes a major reorganization of one's beliefs and life outlook. In short, the first method is essentially illness-oriented, the second, health or growth oriented." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156-7.</ref> He continues "When employed as an adjunct to psychotherapy, most investigators have associated the beneficial effects of LSD with reduced defensiveness, the reliving of early childhood experiences, increased access to unconscious material, and greater emotional expression. In contrast, when used as a primary vehicle for rapid personality change, emphasis is usually placed on the transcendental quality of the experience, the resynthesis of basic values and beliefs, and major changes in the relationship between self and environment." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 157.</ref> In other words, as a [[Connection Supplement]], LSD can be used to [[Heal]] and [[Connection]]<br />
<br />
==Klee==<br />
<br />
Klee<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 461–74.</ref> notes that LSD operates by breaking down ego barriers (by suppressing the [[Bodily Ego]]). This operates at two levels. One is to reduce the individual's ability to filter stimuli, and the other is to reduce the ability of the [[Bodily Ego]] to mobilize defence mechanisms. <br />
<br />
On inability to filter stimulu: "There is some reason to suspect that integrative mechanisms within the central nervous system (CNS) which handle inflowing stimuli are no longer able to limit the spread of excitation in the usual ways."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 465.</ref> Note in this context the phenomenon of [[Flooding]], which is a [[Connection Outcome]]. Klee actually uses the term flooding to describe the stimulus overload that can occur. Klee notes several dimension of cognitive impairment, particularly at high doses. <br />
<br />
On the impact of LSD on the Bodily Ego and bodily ego defense mechanism "It is generally remarked that LSD dissolves the repressive barriers, or that defense mechanisms are generally impaired. These statements, in my opinion, are not entirely accurate. It is true that the subject's ability to repress is likely to be impaired. But as these barriers are lowered, and charged material threatens to enter awareness, an increased mobilization of repressive efforts often occurs in waves, operating massively and crudely to block out not only the threatening material but much associated material as well. As repression fails further, various other more regressive mechanisms are brought into play, such as denial and projection. Only occasionally will defense mechanisms fail almost entirely in certain subjects and a panic state ensue. More often, new defenses are brought into play, and the subject reaches relative equilibrium at a more regressed level. Certain mechanisms, especially repression and reaction formation, appear to be most vulnerable to LSD. Other, presumably more primitive defenses, such as regression denial, introjection, and projection, may function very effectively. For example, some predisposed subjects are capable of developing highly systematized paranoid delusions under the effects of marked LSD intoxication. In each case, subjects tend to fall back on those defenses which are most available to them, based upon their personality structures."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 470-1.</ref><br />
<br />
The loss of "stimulus barries" and the negation of defense mechanisms may lead to [[Zenith Experience]]s, but they may also cause difficulty, particularly in cases where the [[Bodily Ego]] is damaged by [[Toxic Socialization]]. "The consequences to the subject of the apparent loss of stimulus barriers is in some respects analogous to the situation in a traumatic neurosis. Only in this case it needs a much milder stimulus to produce traumatic effects. Thus, a slightly threatening situation, such as mild reprobation, scorn, or unfriendliness from another person, may loom large and ominous to the subject. Strong affective reactions may occur with what appears to be only the slightest provocation."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 467.</ref> When interacting with an individual with severe damage, caution should be exercised. "On some occasions during our studies we have seen subjects who found it difficult or impossible to control their behavior. These were usually persons who were rather aggressive and impulsive to begin with, but it sometimes occurs in other types. In the experimental setting, of course, these subjects were usually friendly and cooperative initially, but after taking LSD they found themselves overwhelmed with impulses, often of an assaultive nature. These feelings sometimes appeared to arise spontaneously or were provoked by a relatively slight incident, such as a painful venipuncture or a witticism directed at them by another subject. A subject at such times<br />
could barely resist putting his impulses into action. He would pace about, clench his fists, and grind his teeth to maintain control. Sometimes full-blown panic would ensue in the face of homicidal impulses which the subject felt he might be unable to control. One subject developed what appeared to be an hysterical paralysis of his limbs, apparently as a last-ditch control against assaultive behavior."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 471.</ref><br />
<br />
== Anecdotes ==<br />
<br />
Eating Disorder<br />
<br />
https://www.reddit.com/r/RationalPsychonaut/comments/vs6v1o/i_cured_my_disordered_eating_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
Awakening to reality <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/sxp477/this_society_is_poison/ <br />
<br />
Weight Loss <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/r9bbcd/update_post_last_march_lsd_inspired_me_to_start_a/<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rm5jdl/update_few_months_later_after_bad_trip/<br />
<br />
Improves cognitive functions (7-8 ug). https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rbrxvu/coding_its_so_fun_on_a_microdose/<br />
<br />
Curing addiction<br />
<br />
* to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rvp2f2/ive_been_alcohol_free_for_100_days_after_taking/<br />
*to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/Psychonaut/comments/wuua1b/i_think_lsd_may_have_killed_my_desire_to_drink/<br />
Mental Health<br />
<br />
* Used to facilitate mental healing and mental health https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/s7siio/self_medicating_my_mental_illnesses_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
[[Transformation''<br />
<br />
[[Grof, Stanislav|Stanislav Grof]] got started on his transpersonal path with a profound LSD experience he had while volunteering as a subject in LSD trials. <ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref> In this experience he confronted his unconscious psyche, downloaded a shit ton of information, and finally experienced an expansion of consciousness to cosmic levels.<ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== Additional Reading ==<br />
<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysergic_acid_diethylamide#Spiritual Wikipedia entry LSD] <br />
* [https://www.trippingly.net/lsd/lsd-trip-length-duration-and-intensity LSD Trip Length / Duration and Intensity - Guidance]<br />
* [https://www.verywellmind.com/what-does-it-feel-like-to-get-high-on-acid-21886 Understanding the Acid Trip Experience]<br />
<br />
{{template:endstuff}}<br />
<br />
[[category:terms]]<br />
[[Is a::Connection Supplement| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=LSD&diff=25120LSD2023-01-13T18:58:42Z<p>Tristan: /* Notes */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{navmenu}}<br />
<h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1><br />
<blockquote class="definition"><br />
'''LSD''' is long duration, high power [[Connection Supplement]].<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related LP Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
==Notes==<br />
Statistics show overall LSD and psychedelic use has increased from the years 2002-2019. <ref>Ofir Livne et al., “Adolescent and Adult Time Trends in US Hallucinogen Use, 2002–19: Any Use, and Use of Ecstasy, LSD and PCP.,” ''Addiction'' 117, no. 12 (December 2022): 3099–3109.</ref><br />
<br />
Low doses of LSD (13ug-26ug) have the same positive emotional and cognitive impacts as base-standard doses of LSD (75ug). Study shows EEG effects are similar with both ranges of doses. <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref><br />
<br />
As Wießner et al shows, low doses of LSD moderately induced the "afterglow" effect in test subjects. However, the researcher concludes that improvements to visuospatial memory and phonological fluency suggest that LSD-assisted therapies can be explored as novel-treatments for brain injuries, strokes, and language decline. <ref>Isabel Wießner et al., “LSD, Afterglow and Hangover: Increased Episodic Memory and Verbal Fluency, Decreased Cognitive Flexibility,” ''European Neuropsychopharmacology'' 58 (May 1, 2022): 7–19.</ref><br />
<br />
Lifetime use of LSD, MDMA, and Psilocybin mushrooms is associated with significantly lower rates of major depressive episodes (MDEs). Jones et al. finds that Psilocybin is associated with reduced past-year MDEs whereas LSD/MDMA are associated with a global reduction in MDEs. <ref>Grant M. Jones and Matthew K. Nock, “Lifetime Use of MDMA/Ecstasy and Psilocybin Is Associated with Reduced Odds of Major Depressive Episodes,” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 36, no. 1 (January 2022): 57–65, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211066714</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
"LSD produced long-lasting and notable reductions in anxiety and comorbid depression symptoms up to 16 weeks." <ref>Friederike Holze et al., “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide–Assisted Therapy in Patients With Anxiety With and Without a Life-Threatening Illness: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase II Study,” ''Biological Psychiatry'' 93, no. 3 (February 1, 2023): 215–23, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.08.025</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
Glazer et al. attributed to low doses of LSD and their positive effects on the reward processing centers of the brain. Suggests that low doses of LSD may be important for treating depression. "The current study examined the effects of single, low doses of LSD (13 and 26 μg) versus placebo (LSD-0) on neural activity during reward processing in healthy adults. Compared to LSD-0, LSD-13 enhanced the hedonic and affective impact of reward (vs. neutral) feedback, reflected by increased RewP and LPP amplitudes, while both LSD-13 and LSD-26 increased the motivational salience of positive (vs. negative) feedback, reflected by increased FB-P3 amplitudes. Of note, these doses produce subjective effects that are comparable to low doses of amphetamine [50], including increases in energy, positive mood, elation, anxiety, and intellectual efficiency [12]. The ERP amplitudes in the current study were unrelated to most of these subjective effects (see Supplementary Materials). These results suggest single, low doses of LSD broadly increased neural sensitivity to reward feedback, particularly at doses that produce few perceptible subjective effects. If these findings extend to repeated doses in symptomatic participants, they may have important implications for the treatment of depressive disorders." <ref>James Glazer et al., “Low Doses of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) Increase Reward-Related Brain Activity,” ''Neuropsychopharmacology'' 48, no. 2 (January 1, 2023): 418–26, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-022-01479-y</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
"It has been proposed that classical psychedelics produce therapeutic effects by altering spontaneous cortical activity, inducing neural entropy that counters maladaptive neuroplasticity and associated mental rigidity" <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref> This action noted and discuss by Carhart-Harris and Friston. <ref>R. L. Carhart-Harris and K. J. Friston, “REBUS and the Anarchic Brain: Toward a Unified Model of the Brain Action of Psychedelics,” ed. Eric L. Barker, ''Pharmacological Reviews'' 71, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 316, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.118.017160</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
Low doses of LSD (20ug) significantly increased the time subjects were able to withstand cold temperature. The dose also reduced the subjects subjective levels of pain and unpleasantness. <ref>Johannes G Ramaekers et al., “A Low Dose of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Decreases Pain Perception in Healthy Volunteers,” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 35, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 398–405, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881120940937</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
==Enhancements==<br />
<br />
'''Affective'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
'''Creative'''<br />
<br />
'''Empathic'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
LSD has nootropic properties.<ref>Dolan, Eric W. “Neuroscience Research Suggests LSD Might Enhance Learning and Memory by Promoting Brain Plasticity.” PsyPost, August 11, 2022. <nowiki>https://www.psypost.org/2022/08/neuroscience-research-suggests-lsd-might-enhance-learning-and-memory-by-promoting-brain-plasticity-63701</nowiki>.</ref> LSD " LSD increased markers of neuroplasticity in human brain organoids, increased novelty preference in rats, and improved memory performance in humans." For the scholarly article behind the news articles, [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001448862200173X see this link].<ref>Ornelas, Isis M., Felipe A. Cini, Isabel Wießner, Encarni Marcos, Dráulio B. Araújo, Livia Goto-Silva, Juliana Nascimento, et al. “Nootropic Effects of LSD: Behavioral, Molecular and Computational Evidence.” ''Experimental Neurology'' 356 (October 1, 2022): 114148. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114148</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
LSD makes the mouse more social.<ref>Inserra, Antonio, Giada Giorgini, Sebastien Lacroix, Antonella Bertazzo, Jocelyn Choo, Athanasios Markopolous, Emily Grant, et al. “Effects of Repeated Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) on the Mouse Brain Endocannabinoidome and Gut Microbiome.” ''British Journal of Pharmacology'', October 31, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15977</ref><br />
<br />
LSD is a "chemical able to produce profound changes of consciousness...and...far reaching insights into one's own self and...one's relationship to others. Some takers of it have even felt that they had won an insight into the 'nature of the Universe and the purpose of Life.'...These insights can be remembered and, if the person wishes, can be incorporated into his or her everyday life to bring it a "better order."<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9</ref><br />
<br />
LSD increases awareness and intensifies perception, enhances creativity, reduces fear (of death for e.g.), distorts time, and is "eudaemonic,"<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9.</ref> but not always. "As I’d discovered to my regret, if you take mushrooms or acid when you feel low, they do not enhance your mood, but instead exacerbate your anxiety and distress."<ref>Szalavitz, Maia. Unbroken Brain: A Revolutionary New Way of Understanding Addiction (pp. 106-107). St. Martin's Press. Kindle Edition.</ref><br />
<br />
When LSD was first discovered, it was quickly recognized as having both healing and spiritual import. Morgar<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 147–66.</ref> notes, "the major application of LSD today is to ''treat'' mental illness...", something which it proved particularly adept at doing. Pahnke echoes this sentiment noting that "in the 1940's ... interest in psychedelic drugs as an experimental psychiatric tool became widespread." <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969. p. 158.</ref><br />
<br />
A growing body of research indicates the healing potential of LSD and other [[Connection Supplements]]<ref>Rootman, Joseph M., Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Vince Polito, Francoise Bourzat, and Zach Walsh. “Adults Who Microdose Psychedelics Report Health Related Motivations and Lower Levels of Anxiety and Depression Compared to Non-Microdosers.” Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (November 18, 2021): 22479. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4.</ref><br />
<br />
Treatment of mental illness is facilitated by increased neuritogenesis, spinogenesis, and synaptogenesis.<ref>Ly, Calvin, Alexandra C. Greb, Lindsay P. Cameron, Jonathan M. Wong, Eden V. Barragan, Paige C. Wilson, Kyle F. Burbach, et al. “Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity.” Cell Reports 23, no. 11 (June 12, 2018): 3170–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.022</ref><br />
<br />
Morgar notes, LSD can be used in two modalities. "One emphasizes the use of LSD periodically and in small doses as an adjunct to traditional techniques of psychotherapy (Crockett, et al., 1963). The other major approach employs LSD in a single, large dose, producing an intense and prolonged psychedelic experience. Applied in this manner, LSD serves as a catalyst for inducing rapid and profound changes in the subject's value-belief system and in his self-image...."<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156.</ref> The latter technique "places greater emphasis on its more unique potentialities and value, namely, as a means of facilitating personal growth and self-actualization. Rather than freedom from emotional symptoms, the primary objective of the psychedelic experience becomes a major reorganization of one's beliefs and life outlook. In short, the first method is essentially illness-oriented, the second, health or growth oriented." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156-7.</ref> He continues "When employed as an adjunct to psychotherapy, most investigators have associated the beneficial effects of LSD with reduced defensiveness, the reliving of early childhood experiences, increased access to unconscious material, and greater emotional expression. In contrast, when used as a primary vehicle for rapid personality change, emphasis is usually placed on the transcendental quality of the experience, the resynthesis of basic values and beliefs, and major changes in the relationship between self and environment." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 157.</ref> In other words, as a [[Connection Supplement]], LSD can be used to [[Heal]] and [[Connection]]<br />
<br />
==Klee==<br />
<br />
Klee<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 461–74.</ref> notes that LSD operates by breaking down ego barriers (by suppressing the [[Bodily Ego]]). This operates at two levels. One is to reduce the individual's ability to filter stimuli, and the other is to reduce the ability of the [[Bodily Ego]] to mobilize defence mechanisms. <br />
<br />
On inability to filter stimulu: "There is some reason to suspect that integrative mechanisms within the central nervous system (CNS) which handle inflowing stimuli are no longer able to limit the spread of excitation in the usual ways."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 465.</ref> Note in this context the phenomenon of [[Flooding]], which is a [[Connection Outcome]]. Klee actually uses the term flooding to describe the stimulus overload that can occur. Klee notes several dimension of cognitive impairment, particularly at high doses. <br />
<br />
On the impact of LSD on the Bodily Ego and bodily ego defense mechanism "It is generally remarked that LSD dissolves the repressive barriers, or that defense mechanisms are generally impaired. These statements, in my opinion, are not entirely accurate. It is true that the subject's ability to repress is likely to be impaired. But as these barriers are lowered, and charged material threatens to enter awareness, an increased mobilization of repressive efforts often occurs in waves, operating massively and crudely to block out not only the threatening material but much associated material as well. As repression fails further, various other more regressive mechanisms are brought into play, such as denial and projection. Only occasionally will defense mechanisms fail almost entirely in certain subjects and a panic state ensue. More often, new defenses are brought into play, and the subject reaches relative equilibrium at a more regressed level. Certain mechanisms, especially repression and reaction formation, appear to be most vulnerable to LSD. Other, presumably more primitive defenses, such as regression denial, introjection, and projection, may function very effectively. For example, some predisposed subjects are capable of developing highly systematized paranoid delusions under the effects of marked LSD intoxication. In each case, subjects tend to fall back on those defenses which are most available to them, based upon their personality structures."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 470-1.</ref><br />
<br />
The loss of "stimulus barries" and the negation of defense mechanisms may lead to [[Zenith Experience]]s, but they may also cause difficulty, particularly in cases where the [[Bodily Ego]] is damaged by [[Toxic Socialization]]. "The consequences to the subject of the apparent loss of stimulus barriers is in some respects analogous to the situation in a traumatic neurosis. Only in this case it needs a much milder stimulus to produce traumatic effects. Thus, a slightly threatening situation, such as mild reprobation, scorn, or unfriendliness from another person, may loom large and ominous to the subject. Strong affective reactions may occur with what appears to be only the slightest provocation."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 467.</ref> When interacting with an individual with severe damage, caution should be exercised. "On some occasions during our studies we have seen subjects who found it difficult or impossible to control their behavior. These were usually persons who were rather aggressive and impulsive to begin with, but it sometimes occurs in other types. In the experimental setting, of course, these subjects were usually friendly and cooperative initially, but after taking LSD they found themselves overwhelmed with impulses, often of an assaultive nature. These feelings sometimes appeared to arise spontaneously or were provoked by a relatively slight incident, such as a painful venipuncture or a witticism directed at them by another subject. A subject at such times<br />
could barely resist putting his impulses into action. He would pace about, clench his fists, and grind his teeth to maintain control. Sometimes full-blown panic would ensue in the face of homicidal impulses which the subject felt he might be unable to control. One subject developed what appeared to be an hysterical paralysis of his limbs, apparently as a last-ditch control against assaultive behavior."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 471.</ref><br />
<br />
== Anecdotes ==<br />
<br />
Eating Disorder<br />
<br />
https://www.reddit.com/r/RationalPsychonaut/comments/vs6v1o/i_cured_my_disordered_eating_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
Awakening to reality <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/sxp477/this_society_is_poison/ <br />
<br />
Weight Loss <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/r9bbcd/update_post_last_march_lsd_inspired_me_to_start_a/<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rm5jdl/update_few_months_later_after_bad_trip/<br />
<br />
Improves cognitive functions (7-8 ug). https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rbrxvu/coding_its_so_fun_on_a_microdose/<br />
<br />
Curing addiction<br />
<br />
* to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rvp2f2/ive_been_alcohol_free_for_100_days_after_taking/<br />
*to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/Psychonaut/comments/wuua1b/i_think_lsd_may_have_killed_my_desire_to_drink/<br />
Mental Health<br />
<br />
* Used to facilitate mental healing and mental health https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/s7siio/self_medicating_my_mental_illnesses_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
[[Transformation''<br />
<br />
[[Grof, Stanislav|Stanislav Grof]] got started on his transpersonal path with a profound LSD experience he had while volunteering as a subject in LSD trials. <ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref> In this experience he confronted his unconscious psyche, downloaded a shit ton of information, and finally experienced an expansion of consciousness to cosmic levels.<ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== Additional Reading ==<br />
<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysergic_acid_diethylamide#Spiritual Wikipedia entry LSD] <br />
* [https://www.trippingly.net/lsd/lsd-trip-length-duration-and-intensity LSD Trip Length / Duration and Intensity - Guidance]<br />
* [https://www.verywellmind.com/what-does-it-feel-like-to-get-high-on-acid-21886 Understanding the Acid Trip Experience]<br />
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[[Is a::Connection Supplement| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Psilocybin_Mushroom&diff=25116Psilocybin Mushroom2023-01-11T18:44:12Z<p>Tristan: </p>
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<blockquote class="definition">'''Psilocybin Mushrooms''' are [[Connection Supplements]] popular amongst ancient Mesoamericans, but forced under ground by the the western Church when it participated in the colonization of America's native people.<ref>Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981</ref> <br />
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==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
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[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
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==Notes==<br />
<br />
'''Action and Measurement'''<br />
<br />
Psilocybin effects of psilocybin are mediated/reflected in the agonism of the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR), as measured via PET scans.<ref>Stenbæk, Dea Siggaard, Martin Korsbak Madsen, Brice Ozenne, Sara Kristiansen, Daniel Burmester, David Erritzoe, Gitte Moos Knudsen, and Patrick MacDonald Fisher. “Brain Serotonin 2A Receptor Binding Predicts Subjective Temporal and Mystical Effects of Psilocybin in Healthy Humans.” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 35, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 459–68. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881120959609</nowiki>.</ref> Note, given the difficulty of obtaining large PET scans, there is a high correlation between plasma psilocin and 5-HT2AR occupancy; thus, plasma psilocin levels may be used as an accurate surrogate.<ref>Stenbæk, Dea Siggaard, Martin Korsbak Madsen, Brice Ozenne, Sara Kristiansen, Daniel Burmester, David Erritzoe, Gitte Moos Knudsen, and Patrick MacDonald Fisher. “Brain Serotonin 2A Receptor Binding Predicts Subjective Temporal and Mystical Effects of Psilocybin in Healthy Humans.” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 35, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 459–68. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881120959609</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
Lifetime use of LSD, MDMA, and Psilocybin mushrooms is associated with significantly lower rates of major depressive episodes (MDEs). Jones et al. finds that Psilocybin is associated with reduced past-year MDEs whereas LSD/MDMA are associated with a global reduction in MDEs. <ref>Grant M. Jones and Matthew K. Nock, “Lifetime Use of MDMA/Ecstasy and Psilocybin Is Associated with Reduced Odds of Major Depressive Episodes,” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 36, no. 1 (January 2022): 57–65, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211066714</nowiki>.</ref> <br />
<br />
'''Treatment'''<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Additional'''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Mushrooms visualized as little male or female beings, elves, duendes, tricksters, ''saint children,'' the blood of Christ..<ref>Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981.</ref><br />
<br />
Allow one to speak with the Lords of the Mountains, the beings who are the masters of all things.<ref>Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981. p. 32.</ref> <br />
<br />
"It was not only the gold and natural riches of Anahuac, the culture and art of Mesoamerica that astonished the Spanish priests and conquistadors who arrived in this land in the sixteenth century: the native medicines (comprising a "marvellous collection" of hallucinogenic plants) were also the objects of attention, study, and condemnation."<ref>Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981. p. 23.</ref> Hallucinogenic practices were seen as "demoniacal" an the practice was forced underground in most cases, but survived in Huautla, in Sierra Mazatec.<br />
<br />
Mushrooms have the power to cure, and also give "the mystical force that creates the elevated, esoteric language of the shaman." <ref>Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981. p. 23.</ref><br />
<br />
Seen as teonanacatle - Flesh of the Gods. <br />
<br />
Were given great respect by elders.<br />
<br />
"...Sometime later I knew that the mushrooms were like God. That they gave wisdom, that they cured illnesses, and that our people, since a long time ago, had eaten them. That they had power, that they were the blood of Christ."<ref>Maria Sabina quoted in Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981. p. 40.</ref><br />
<br />
Mushrooms provide contact with the ''Little One Who Springs Forth.''<ref>Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981. p. 47.</ref><br />
<br />
"Before Wasson nobody took the mushrooms only to find God. They were always taken for the sick to get well."<ref>Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981. p. 73. </ref><br />
<br />
=== Health Benefits ===<br />
Cures depression and physical ailments.<ref>Wing. “Surprising Results: Psilocybin Trial for Depression Alleviates Chronic Pain.” ''Psychedelics Today'' (blog), November 15, 2022. [https://psychedelicstoday.com/2022/11/15/surprising-results-psilocybin-trial-for-depression-alleviates-chronic-pain/&#x5B;/fn https://psychedelicstoday.com/2022/11/15/surprising-results-psilocybin-trial-for-depression-alleviates-chronic-pain/]</ref><br />
<br />
=== Aztecs ===<br />
'''Aztecs:''' Psilocybin and jimson weed used by Aztec Priests " Certain priests engaged in prophesies and the interpretation of visions: these could be induced by psychotropic plants - jimson weed, Psilocybe mushrooms, or peyote cactus buttons."<ref>Townsend, Richard f. ''The Aztecs''. London: Thames & Hudson, 2009. p. 206.</ref><br />
<br />
In Ancient Aztec culture, the ruling class did psychedelics.<blockquote>Another way that nobles and ''macehualtin'' who were elevated to noble status as a result of extraordinary feats on the battlefield acquired magical power was through the ingestion of ca- cao, the inhaling of burning incense, and the taking of psychotropic drugs such as peyote or hallucinogenic mushrooms. The visionary state that resulted from ingesting these plants was a direct communication with gods and goddesses, who entered into human awareness during these times. It was thought that the nobles became stronger and more effective in their public duties when they ate peyote, cacao, mushrooms, or human flesh. This was a privilege of the noble class, but it must be remembered that the main purpose was to enable them to carry out their responsibilities more effectively. <ref>Carrasco, David, and Scott Sessions. ''Daily Life of the Aztecs.'' London: Greenwood Press, 1998. p. 134.</ref></blockquote><br />
<br />
==== The Science ====<br />
<br />
* Helps reduce heavy-drinking<ref>Bogenschutz, Michael P., Stephen Ross, Snehal Bhatt, Tara Baron, Alyssa A. Forcehimes, Eugene Laska, Sarah E. Mennenga, et al. “Percentage of Heavy Drinking Days Following Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy vs Placebo in the Treatment of Adult Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.” ''JAMA Psychiatry'', August 24, 2022. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.2096</nowiki>.</ref><br />
* Improves mood and mental health (microdosing). <ref>Bartlett, Lindsey. “Microdosing Psilocybin Mushrooms Improves Mood And Mental Health After One Month, New Study Finds.” Forbes, 2022. https://www.forbes.com/sites/lindseybartlett/2022/07/05/microdosing-psilocybin-mushrooms-improves-mood-and-mental-health-after-one-month-new-study-finds/.</ref><ref>Rootman, Joseph M., Maggie Kiraga, Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P. C. Kuypers, and Zach Walsh. “Psilocybin Microdosers Demonstrate Greater Observed Improvements in Mood and Mental Health at One Month Relative to Non-Microdosing Controls.” Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 11091. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14512-3.</ref><br />
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[[Is a::Connection Supplement| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=MDMA&diff=25115MDMA2023-01-11T18:43:36Z<p>Tristan: </p>
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<blockquote class="definition">'''MDMA''' is an extremely powerful [[Entactogen]] that temporarily suppresses the body's fear and anxiety response thus enabling one to recognize and process even deeply buried traumatic experiences. <br />
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==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
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[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
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==Notes==<br />
<br />
MDMA is ''not'' a recreational drug and should not be used as such. MDMA is a powerful psychoactive that is extremely useful for healing even deep trauma. <br />
<br />
Lifetime use of LSD, MDMA, and Psilocybin mushrooms is associated with significantly lower rates of major depressive episodes (MDEs). Jones et al. finds that Psilocybin is associated with reduced past-year MDEs whereas LSD/MDMA are associated with a global reduction in MDEs. <ref>Grant M. Jones and Matthew K. Nock, “Lifetime Use of MDMA/Ecstasy and Psilocybin Is Associated with Reduced Odds of Major Depressive Episodes,” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 36, no. 1 (January 2022): 57–65, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211066714</nowiki>.</ref> <br />
<br />
MDMA is a "breakthrough" therapy for PTSD.<ref>Mitchell, Jennifer M., Michael Bogenschutz, Alia Lilienstein, Charlotte Harrison, Sarah Kleiman, Kelly Parker-Guilbert, Marcela Ot’alora G., et al. “MDMA-Assisted Therapy for Severe PTSD: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Study.” Nature Medicine 27, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 1025–33. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01336-3.</ref><br />
<br />
MDMA has a "strong bias toward the positive end of the affective spectrum, deeply heart-full, centered psychological insight and self-aceptance, and tends to produce less visual imagery or 'cosmic'breakthroughs or metaphysical disorientation."<ref>Olivetti, Katherine. “Dimensions of the Psyche.” ''Jung Journal'' 9, no. 4 (October 2, 2015): 98–124. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1080/19342039.2015.108693</nowiki> p. 103</ref><br />
<br />
'''Action and Measurement'''<br />
<br />
MDMA significantly improves sleep quality in those with post-traumatic-stress-disorder as far as twelve months out from initial treatment. <ref>Linnae Ponte et al., “Sleep Quality Improvements After MDMA‐Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.,” ''Journal of Traumatic Stress'' 34, no. 4 (August 2021): 851–63.</ref><br />
<br />
The negative experience of "comedowns", colloquially known as "Blue Mondays," are often anecdotally reported by people who take MDMA. Research by Sessa et al. suggests that MDMA comedowns do not exist in a clinical environment and should instead be attributed to improper dosing and illicit sourcing. <ref>Ben Sessa et al., “Debunking the Myth of ‘Blue Mondays’: No Evidence of Affect Drop after Taking Clinical MDMA,” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 36, no. 3 (March 2022): 360–67, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211055809</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
As Rigg et al. notes, MDMA related deaths (MRDs) are not due to inherent dangers with the substance nor attributed to overdose. Instead, they are caused by relating factors such as "hyperthermia, dehydration, drug interactions, or hyponaetremia". Similarly to Sessa et al. this stems from incorrect testing, sourcing, and ingestion. <ref>Khary K. Rigg and Amanda Sharp, “Deaths Related to MDMA (Ecstasy/Molly): Prevalence, Root Causes, and Harm Reduction Interventions.,” ''Journal of Substance Use'' 23, no. 4 (July 2018): 345–52, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1080/14659891.2018.1436607</nowiki>. p. 345.</ref> <br />
<br />
==Effects==<br />
<br />
* [https://twitter.com/hilaryagro/status/1229177598003077123?s=46&t=dCwTLAOT1xQPTMd3Z7VoXg MDMA and libertarianism]<br />
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[[Is a::Connection Supplement| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=LSD&diff=25114LSD2023-01-11T18:43:03Z<p>Tristan: </p>
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'''LSD''' is long duration, high power [[Connection Supplement]].<br />
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==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
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==Related LP Terms==<br />
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[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
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==Related Terms==<br />
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==Notes==<br />
Statistics show overall LSD and psychedelic use has increased from the years 2002-2019. <ref>Ofir Livne et al., “Adolescent and Adult Time Trends in US Hallucinogen Use, 2002–19: Any Use, and Use of Ecstasy, LSD and PCP.,” ''Addiction'' 117, no. 12 (December 2022): 3099–3109.</ref><br />
<br />
Low doses of LSD (13ug-26ug) have the same positive emotional and cognitive impacts as base-standard doses of LSD (75ug). Study shows EEG effects are similar with both ranges of doses. <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref><br />
<br />
As Wießner et al shows, low doses of LSD moderately induced the "afterglow" effect in test subjects. However, the researcher concludes that improvements to visuospatial memory and phonological fluency suggest that LSD-assisted therapies can be explored as novel-treatments for brain injuries, strokes, and language decline. <ref>Isabel Wießner et al., “LSD, Afterglow and Hangover: Increased Episodic Memory and Verbal Fluency, Decreased Cognitive Flexibility,” ''European Neuropsychopharmacology'' 58 (May 1, 2022): 7–19.</ref><br />
<br />
Lifetime use of LSD, MDMA, and Psilocybin mushrooms is associated with significantly lower rates of major depressive episodes (MDEs). Jones et al. finds that Psilocybin is associated with reduced past-year MDEs whereas LSD/MDMA are associated with a global reduction in MDEs. <ref>Grant M. Jones and Matthew K. Nock, “Lifetime Use of MDMA/Ecstasy and Psilocybin Is Associated with Reduced Odds of Major Depressive Episodes,” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 36, no. 1 (January 2022): 57–65, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211066714</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
Glazer et al. attributed to low doses of LSD and their positive effects on the reward processing centers of the brain. Suggests that low doses of LSD may be important for treating depression. "The current study examined the effects of single, low doses of LSD (13 and 26 μg) versus placebo (LSD-0) on neural activity during reward processing in healthy adults. Compared to LSD-0, LSD-13 enhanced the hedonic and affective impact of reward (vs. neutral) feedback, reflected by increased RewP and LPP amplitudes, while both LSD-13 and LSD-26 increased the motivational salience of positive (vs. negative) feedback, reflected by increased FB-P3 amplitudes. Of note, these doses produce subjective effects that are comparable to low doses of amphetamine [50], including increases in energy, positive mood, elation, anxiety, and intellectual efficiency [12]. The ERP amplitudes in the current study were unrelated to most of these subjective effects (see Supplementary Materials). These results suggest single, low doses of LSD broadly increased neural sensitivity to reward feedback, particularly at doses that produce few perceptible subjective effects. If these findings extend to repeated doses in symptomatic participants, they may have important implications for the treatment of depressive disorders." <ref>James Glazer et al., “Low Doses of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) Increase Reward-Related Brain Activity,” ''Neuropsychopharmacology'' 48, no. 2 (January 1, 2023): 418–26, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-022-01479-y</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
"It has been proposed that classical psychedelics produce therapeutic effects by altering spontaneous cortical activity, inducing neural entropy that counters maladaptive neuroplasticity and associated mental rigidity" <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref> This action noted and discuss by Carhart-Harris and Friston. <ref>R. L. Carhart-Harris and K. J. Friston, “REBUS and the Anarchic Brain: Toward a Unified Model of the Brain Action of Psychedelics,” ed. Eric L. Barker, ''Pharmacological Reviews'' 71, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 316, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.118.017160</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
==Enhancements==<br />
<br />
'''Affective'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
'''Creative'''<br />
<br />
'''Empathic'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
LSD has nootropic properties.<ref>Dolan, Eric W. “Neuroscience Research Suggests LSD Might Enhance Learning and Memory by Promoting Brain Plasticity.” PsyPost, August 11, 2022. <nowiki>https://www.psypost.org/2022/08/neuroscience-research-suggests-lsd-might-enhance-learning-and-memory-by-promoting-brain-plasticity-63701</nowiki>.</ref> LSD " LSD increased markers of neuroplasticity in human brain organoids, increased novelty preference in rats, and improved memory performance in humans." For the scholarly article behind the news articles, [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001448862200173X see this link].<ref>Ornelas, Isis M., Felipe A. Cini, Isabel Wießner, Encarni Marcos, Dráulio B. Araújo, Livia Goto-Silva, Juliana Nascimento, et al. “Nootropic Effects of LSD: Behavioral, Molecular and Computational Evidence.” ''Experimental Neurology'' 356 (October 1, 2022): 114148. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114148</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
LSD makes the mouse more social.<ref>Inserra, Antonio, Giada Giorgini, Sebastien Lacroix, Antonella Bertazzo, Jocelyn Choo, Athanasios Markopolous, Emily Grant, et al. “Effects of Repeated Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) on the Mouse Brain Endocannabinoidome and Gut Microbiome.” ''British Journal of Pharmacology'', October 31, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15977</ref><br />
<br />
LSD is a "chemical able to produce profound changes of consciousness...and...far reaching insights into one's own self and...one's relationship to others. Some takers of it have even felt that they had won an insight into the 'nature of the Universe and the purpose of Life.'...These insights can be remembered and, if the person wishes, can be incorporated into his or her everyday life to bring it a "better order."<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9</ref><br />
<br />
LSD increases awareness and intensifies perception, enhances creativity, reduces fear (of death for e.g.), distorts time, and is "eudaemonic,"<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9.</ref> but not always. "As I’d discovered to my regret, if you take mushrooms or acid when you feel low, they do not enhance your mood, but instead exacerbate your anxiety and distress."<ref>Szalavitz, Maia. Unbroken Brain: A Revolutionary New Way of Understanding Addiction (pp. 106-107). St. Martin's Press. Kindle Edition.</ref><br />
<br />
When LSD was first discovered, it was quickly recognized as having both healing and spiritual import. Morgar<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 147–66.</ref> notes, "the major application of LSD today is to ''treat'' mental illness...", something which it proved particularly adept at doing. Pahnke echoes this sentiment noting that "in the 1940's ... interest in psychedelic drugs as an experimental psychiatric tool became widespread." <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969. p. 158.</ref><br />
<br />
A growing body of research indicates the healing potential of LSD and other [[Connection Supplements]]<ref>Rootman, Joseph M., Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Vince Polito, Francoise Bourzat, and Zach Walsh. “Adults Who Microdose Psychedelics Report Health Related Motivations and Lower Levels of Anxiety and Depression Compared to Non-Microdosers.” Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (November 18, 2021): 22479. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4.</ref><br />
<br />
Treatment of mental illness is facilitated by increased neuritogenesis, spinogenesis, and synaptogenesis.<ref>Ly, Calvin, Alexandra C. Greb, Lindsay P. Cameron, Jonathan M. Wong, Eden V. Barragan, Paige C. Wilson, Kyle F. Burbach, et al. “Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity.” Cell Reports 23, no. 11 (June 12, 2018): 3170–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.022</ref><br />
<br />
Morgar notes, LSD can be used in two modalities. "One emphasizes the use of LSD periodically and in small doses as an adjunct to traditional techniques of psychotherapy (Crockett, et al., 1963). The other major approach employs LSD in a single, large dose, producing an intense and prolonged psychedelic experience. Applied in this manner, LSD serves as a catalyst for inducing rapid and profound changes in the subject's value-belief system and in his self-image...."<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156.</ref> The latter technique "places greater emphasis on its more unique potentialities and value, namely, as a means of facilitating personal growth and self-actualization. Rather than freedom from emotional symptoms, the primary objective of the psychedelic experience becomes a major reorganization of one's beliefs and life outlook. In short, the first method is essentially illness-oriented, the second, health or growth oriented." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156-7.</ref> He continues "When employed as an adjunct to psychotherapy, most investigators have associated the beneficial effects of LSD with reduced defensiveness, the reliving of early childhood experiences, increased access to unconscious material, and greater emotional expression. In contrast, when used as a primary vehicle for rapid personality change, emphasis is usually placed on the transcendental quality of the experience, the resynthesis of basic values and beliefs, and major changes in the relationship between self and environment." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 157.</ref> In other words, as a [[Connection Supplement]], LSD can be used to [[Heal]] and [[Connection]]<br />
<br />
==Klee==<br />
<br />
Klee<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 461–74.</ref> notes that LSD operates by breaking down ego barriers (by suppressing the [[Bodily Ego]]). This operates at two levels. One is to reduce the individual's ability to filter stimuli, and the other is to reduce the ability of the [[Bodily Ego]] to mobilize defence mechanisms. <br />
<br />
On inability to filter stimulu: "There is some reason to suspect that integrative mechanisms within the central nervous system (CNS) which handle inflowing stimuli are no longer able to limit the spread of excitation in the usual ways."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 465.</ref> Note in this context the phenomenon of [[Flooding]], which is a [[Connection Outcome]]. Klee actually uses the term flooding to describe the stimulus overload that can occur. Klee notes several dimension of cognitive impairment, particularly at high doses. <br />
<br />
On the impact of LSD on the Bodily Ego and bodily ego defense mechanism "It is generally remarked that LSD dissolves the repressive barriers, or that defense mechanisms are generally impaired. These statements, in my opinion, are not entirely accurate. It is true that the subject's ability to repress is likely to be impaired. But as these barriers are lowered, and charged material threatens to enter awareness, an increased mobilization of repressive efforts often occurs in waves, operating massively and crudely to block out not only the threatening material but much associated material as well. As repression fails further, various other more regressive mechanisms are brought into play, such as denial and projection. Only occasionally will defense mechanisms fail almost entirely in certain subjects and a panic state ensue. More often, new defenses are brought into play, and the subject reaches relative equilibrium at a more regressed level. Certain mechanisms, especially repression and reaction formation, appear to be most vulnerable to LSD. Other, presumably more primitive defenses, such as regression denial, introjection, and projection, may function very effectively. For example, some predisposed subjects are capable of developing highly systematized paranoid delusions under the effects of marked LSD intoxication. In each case, subjects tend to fall back on those defenses which are most available to them, based upon their personality structures."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 470-1.</ref><br />
<br />
The loss of "stimulus barries" and the negation of defense mechanisms may lead to [[Zenith Experience]]s, but they may also cause difficulty, particularly in cases where the [[Bodily Ego]] is damaged by [[Toxic Socialization]]. "The consequences to the subject of the apparent loss of stimulus barriers is in some respects analogous to the situation in a traumatic neurosis. Only in this case it needs a much milder stimulus to produce traumatic effects. Thus, a slightly threatening situation, such as mild reprobation, scorn, or unfriendliness from another person, may loom large and ominous to the subject. Strong affective reactions may occur with what appears to be only the slightest provocation."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 467.</ref> When interacting with an individual with severe damage, caution should be exercised. "On some occasions during our studies we have seen subjects who found it difficult or impossible to control their behavior. These were usually persons who were rather aggressive and impulsive to begin with, but it sometimes occurs in other types. In the experimental setting, of course, these subjects were usually friendly and cooperative initially, but after taking LSD they found themselves overwhelmed with impulses, often of an assaultive nature. These feelings sometimes appeared to arise spontaneously or were provoked by a relatively slight incident, such as a painful venipuncture or a witticism directed at them by another subject. A subject at such times<br />
could barely resist putting his impulses into action. He would pace about, clench his fists, and grind his teeth to maintain control. Sometimes full-blown panic would ensue in the face of homicidal impulses which the subject felt he might be unable to control. One subject developed what appeared to be an hysterical paralysis of his limbs, apparently as a last-ditch control against assaultive behavior."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 471.</ref><br />
<br />
== Anecdotes ==<br />
<br />
Eating Disorder<br />
<br />
https://www.reddit.com/r/RationalPsychonaut/comments/vs6v1o/i_cured_my_disordered_eating_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
Awakening to reality <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/sxp477/this_society_is_poison/ <br />
<br />
Weight Loss <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/r9bbcd/update_post_last_march_lsd_inspired_me_to_start_a/<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rm5jdl/update_few_months_later_after_bad_trip/<br />
<br />
Improves cognitive functions (7-8 ug). https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rbrxvu/coding_its_so_fun_on_a_microdose/<br />
<br />
Curing addiction<br />
<br />
* to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rvp2f2/ive_been_alcohol_free_for_100_days_after_taking/<br />
*to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/Psychonaut/comments/wuua1b/i_think_lsd_may_have_killed_my_desire_to_drink/<br />
Mental Health<br />
<br />
* Used to facilitate mental healing and mental health https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/s7siio/self_medicating_my_mental_illnesses_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
[[Transformation''<br />
<br />
[[Grof, Stanislav|Stanislav Grof]] got started on his transpersonal path with a profound LSD experience he had while volunteering as a subject in LSD trials. <ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref> In this experience he confronted his unconscious psyche, downloaded a shit ton of information, and finally experienced an expansion of consciousness to cosmic levels.<ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== Additional Reading ==<br />
<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysergic_acid_diethylamide#Spiritual Wikipedia entry LSD] <br />
* [https://www.trippingly.net/lsd/lsd-trip-length-duration-and-intensity LSD Trip Length / Duration and Intensity - Guidance]<br />
* [https://www.verywellmind.com/what-does-it-feel-like-to-get-high-on-acid-21886 Understanding the Acid Trip Experience]<br />
<br />
{{template:endstuff}}<br />
<br />
[[category:terms]]<br />
[[Is a::Connection Supplement| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=LSD&diff=25113LSD2023-01-11T06:10:19Z<p>Tristan: /* Notes */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{navmenu}}<br />
<h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1><br />
<blockquote class="definition"><br />
'''LSD''' is long duration, high power [[Connection Supplement]].<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related LP Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
==Notes==<br />
Statistics show overall LSD and psychedelic use has increased from the years 2002-2019. <ref>Ofir Livne et al., “Adolescent and Adult Time Trends in US Hallucinogen Use, 2002–19: Any Use, and Use of Ecstasy, LSD and PCP.,” ''Addiction'' 117, no. 12 (December 2022): 3099–3109.</ref><br />
<br />
Low doses of LSD (13ug-26ug) have the same positive emotional and cognitive impacts as base-standard doses of LSD (75ug). Study shows EEG effects are similar with both ranges of doses. <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref><br />
<br />
Glazer et al. attributed to low doses of LSD and their positive effects on the reward processing centers of the brain. Suggests that low doses of LSD may be important for treating depression. "The current study examined the effects of single, low doses of LSD (13 and 26 μg) versus placebo (LSD-0) on neural activity during reward processing in healthy adults. Compared to LSD-0, LSD-13 enhanced the hedonic and affective impact of reward (vs. neutral) feedback, reflected by increased RewP and LPP amplitudes, while both LSD-13 and LSD-26 increased the motivational salience of positive (vs. negative) feedback, reflected by increased FB-P3 amplitudes. Of note, these doses produce subjective effects that are comparable to low doses of amphetamine [50], including increases in energy, positive mood, elation, anxiety, and intellectual efficiency [12]. The ERP amplitudes in the current study were unrelated to most of these subjective effects (see Supplementary Materials). These results suggest single, low doses of LSD broadly increased neural sensitivity to reward feedback, particularly at doses that produce few perceptible subjective effects. If these findings extend to repeated doses in symptomatic participants, they may have important implications for the treatment of depressive disorders." <ref>James Glazer et al., “Low Doses of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) Increase Reward-Related Brain Activity,” ''Neuropsychopharmacology'' 48, no. 2 (January 1, 2023): 418–26, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-022-01479-y</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
"It has been proposed that classical psychedelics produce therapeutic effects by altering spontaneous cortical activity, inducing neural entropy that counters maladaptive neuroplasticity and associated mental rigidity" <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref> This action noted and discuss by Carhart-Harris and Friston. <ref>R. L. Carhart-Harris and K. J. Friston, “REBUS and the Anarchic Brain: Toward a Unified Model of the Brain Action of Psychedelics,” ed. Eric L. Barker, ''Pharmacological Reviews'' 71, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 316, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.118.017160</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
==Enhancements==<br />
<br />
'''Affective'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
'''Creative'''<br />
<br />
'''Empathic'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
LSD has nootropic properties.<ref>Dolan, Eric W. “Neuroscience Research Suggests LSD Might Enhance Learning and Memory by Promoting Brain Plasticity.” PsyPost, August 11, 2022. <nowiki>https://www.psypost.org/2022/08/neuroscience-research-suggests-lsd-might-enhance-learning-and-memory-by-promoting-brain-plasticity-63701</nowiki>.</ref> LSD " LSD increased markers of neuroplasticity in human brain organoids, increased novelty preference in rats, and improved memory performance in humans." For the scholarly article behind the news articles, [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001448862200173X see this link].<ref>Ornelas, Isis M., Felipe A. Cini, Isabel Wießner, Encarni Marcos, Dráulio B. Araújo, Livia Goto-Silva, Juliana Nascimento, et al. “Nootropic Effects of LSD: Behavioral, Molecular and Computational Evidence.” ''Experimental Neurology'' 356 (October 1, 2022): 114148. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114148</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
In conclusion, the low dose of LSD moderately induced both “afterglow” and “hangover”. The improvements in visuospatial memory and phonological fluency suggest that LSD-assisted therapy should be explored as a novel treatment perspective in conditions involving memory and language declines such as brain injury, stroke or dementia.<br />
<br />
As Wießner et al shows, low doses of LSD moderately induced the "afterglow" effect in test subjects. However, the researcher concludes that improvements to visuospatial memory and phonological fluency suggest that LSD-assisted therapies can be explored as novel-treatments for brain injuries, strokes, and language decline. <ref>Isabel Wießner et al., “LSD, Afterglow and Hangover: Increased Episodic Memory and Verbal Fluency, Decreased Cognitive Flexibility,” ''European Neuropsychopharmacology'' 58 (May 1, 2022): 7–19.</ref><br />
<br />
LSD makes the mouse more social.<ref>Inserra, Antonio, Giada Giorgini, Sebastien Lacroix, Antonella Bertazzo, Jocelyn Choo, Athanasios Markopolous, Emily Grant, et al. “Effects of Repeated Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) on the Mouse Brain Endocannabinoidome and Gut Microbiome.” ''British Journal of Pharmacology'', October 31, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15977</ref><br />
<br />
LSD is a "chemical able to produce profound changes of consciousness...and...far reaching insights into one's own self and...one's relationship to others. Some takers of it have even felt that they had won an insight into the 'nature of the Universe and the purpose of Life.'...These insights can be remembered and, if the person wishes, can be incorporated into his or her everyday life to bring it a "better order."<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9</ref><br />
<br />
LSD increases awareness and intensifies perception, enhances creativity, reduces fear (of death for e.g.), distorts time, and is "eudaemonic,"<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9.</ref> but not always. "As I’d discovered to my regret, if you take mushrooms or acid when you feel low, they do not enhance your mood, but instead exacerbate your anxiety and distress."<ref>Szalavitz, Maia. Unbroken Brain: A Revolutionary New Way of Understanding Addiction (pp. 106-107). St. Martin's Press. Kindle Edition.</ref><br />
<br />
When LSD was first discovered, it was quickly recognized as having both healing and spiritual import. Morgar<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 147–66.</ref> notes, "the major application of LSD today is to ''treat'' mental illness...", something which it proved particularly adept at doing. Pahnke echoes this sentiment noting that "in the 1940's ... interest in psychedelic drugs as an experimental psychiatric tool became widespread." <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969. p. 158.</ref><br />
<br />
A growing body of research indicates the healing potential of LSD and other [[Connection Supplements]]<ref>Rootman, Joseph M., Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Vince Polito, Francoise Bourzat, and Zach Walsh. “Adults Who Microdose Psychedelics Report Health Related Motivations and Lower Levels of Anxiety and Depression Compared to Non-Microdosers.” Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (November 18, 2021): 22479. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4.</ref><br />
<br />
Treatment of mental illness is facilitated by increased neuritogenesis, spinogenesis, and synaptogenesis.<ref>Ly, Calvin, Alexandra C. Greb, Lindsay P. Cameron, Jonathan M. Wong, Eden V. Barragan, Paige C. Wilson, Kyle F. Burbach, et al. “Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity.” Cell Reports 23, no. 11 (June 12, 2018): 3170–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.022</ref><br />
<br />
Morgar notes, LSD can be used in two modalities. "One emphasizes the use of LSD periodically and in small doses as an adjunct to traditional techniques of psychotherapy (Crockett, et al., 1963). The other major approach employs LSD in a single, large dose, producing an intense and prolonged psychedelic experience. Applied in this manner, LSD serves as a catalyst for inducing rapid and profound changes in the subject's value-belief system and in his self-image...."<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156.</ref> The latter technique "places greater emphasis on its more unique potentialities and value, namely, as a means of facilitating personal growth and self-actualization. Rather than freedom from emotional symptoms, the primary objective of the psychedelic experience becomes a major reorganization of one's beliefs and life outlook. In short, the first method is essentially illness-oriented, the second, health or growth oriented." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156-7.</ref> He continues "When employed as an adjunct to psychotherapy, most investigators have associated the beneficial effects of LSD with reduced defensiveness, the reliving of early childhood experiences, increased access to unconscious material, and greater emotional expression. In contrast, when used as a primary vehicle for rapid personality change, emphasis is usually placed on the transcendental quality of the experience, the resynthesis of basic values and beliefs, and major changes in the relationship between self and environment." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 157.</ref> In other words, as a [[Connection Supplement]], LSD can be used to [[Heal]] and [[Connection]]<br />
<br />
==Klee==<br />
<br />
Klee<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 461–74.</ref> notes that LSD operates by breaking down ego barriers (by suppressing the [[Bodily Ego]]). This operates at two levels. One is to reduce the individual's ability to filter stimuli, and the other is to reduce the ability of the [[Bodily Ego]] to mobilize defence mechanisms. <br />
<br />
On inability to filter stimulu: "There is some reason to suspect that integrative mechanisms within the central nervous system (CNS) which handle inflowing stimuli are no longer able to limit the spread of excitation in the usual ways."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 465.</ref> Note in this context the phenomenon of [[Flooding]], which is a [[Connection Outcome]]. Klee actually uses the term flooding to describe the stimulus overload that can occur. Klee notes several dimension of cognitive impairment, particularly at high doses. <br />
<br />
On the impact of LSD on the Bodily Ego and bodily ego defense mechanism "It is generally remarked that LSD dissolves the repressive barriers, or that defense mechanisms are generally impaired. These statements, in my opinion, are not entirely accurate. It is true that the subject's ability to repress is likely to be impaired. But as these barriers are lowered, and charged material threatens to enter awareness, an increased mobilization of repressive efforts often occurs in waves, operating massively and crudely to block out not only the threatening material but much associated material as well. As repression fails further, various other more regressive mechanisms are brought into play, such as denial and projection. Only occasionally will defense mechanisms fail almost entirely in certain subjects and a panic state ensue. More often, new defenses are brought into play, and the subject reaches relative equilibrium at a more regressed level. Certain mechanisms, especially repression and reaction formation, appear to be most vulnerable to LSD. Other, presumably more primitive defenses, such as regression denial, introjection, and projection, may function very effectively. For example, some predisposed subjects are capable of developing highly systematized paranoid delusions under the effects of marked LSD intoxication. In each case, subjects tend to fall back on those defenses which are most available to them, based upon their personality structures."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 470-1.</ref><br />
<br />
The loss of "stimulus barries" and the negation of defense mechanisms may lead to [[Zenith Experience]]s, but they may also cause difficulty, particularly in cases where the [[Bodily Ego]] is damaged by [[Toxic Socialization]]. "The consequences to the subject of the apparent loss of stimulus barriers is in some respects analogous to the situation in a traumatic neurosis. Only in this case it needs a much milder stimulus to produce traumatic effects. Thus, a slightly threatening situation, such as mild reprobation, scorn, or unfriendliness from another person, may loom large and ominous to the subject. Strong affective reactions may occur with what appears to be only the slightest provocation."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 467.</ref> When interacting with an individual with severe damage, caution should be exercised. "On some occasions during our studies we have seen subjects who found it difficult or impossible to control their behavior. These were usually persons who were rather aggressive and impulsive to begin with, but it sometimes occurs in other types. In the experimental setting, of course, these subjects were usually friendly and cooperative initially, but after taking LSD they found themselves overwhelmed with impulses, often of an assaultive nature. These feelings sometimes appeared to arise spontaneously or were provoked by a relatively slight incident, such as a painful venipuncture or a witticism directed at them by another subject. A subject at such times<br />
could barely resist putting his impulses into action. He would pace about, clench his fists, and grind his teeth to maintain control. Sometimes full-blown panic would ensue in the face of homicidal impulses which the subject felt he might be unable to control. One subject developed what appeared to be an hysterical paralysis of his limbs, apparently as a last-ditch control against assaultive behavior."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 471.</ref><br />
<br />
== Anecdotes ==<br />
<br />
Eating Disorder<br />
<br />
https://www.reddit.com/r/RationalPsychonaut/comments/vs6v1o/i_cured_my_disordered_eating_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
Awakening to reality <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/sxp477/this_society_is_poison/ <br />
<br />
Weight Loss <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/r9bbcd/update_post_last_march_lsd_inspired_me_to_start_a/<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rm5jdl/update_few_months_later_after_bad_trip/<br />
<br />
Improves cognitive functions (7-8 ug). https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rbrxvu/coding_its_so_fun_on_a_microdose/<br />
<br />
Curing addiction<br />
<br />
* to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rvp2f2/ive_been_alcohol_free_for_100_days_after_taking/<br />
*to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/Psychonaut/comments/wuua1b/i_think_lsd_may_have_killed_my_desire_to_drink/<br />
Mental Health<br />
<br />
* Used to facilitate mental healing and mental health https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/s7siio/self_medicating_my_mental_illnesses_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
[[Transformation''<br />
<br />
[[Grof, Stanislav|Stanislav Grof]] got started on his transpersonal path with a profound LSD experience he had while volunteering as a subject in LSD trials. <ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref> In this experience he confronted his unconscious psyche, downloaded a shit ton of information, and finally experienced an expansion of consciousness to cosmic levels.<ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== Additional Reading ==<br />
<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysergic_acid_diethylamide#Spiritual Wikipedia entry LSD] <br />
* [https://www.trippingly.net/lsd/lsd-trip-length-duration-and-intensity LSD Trip Length / Duration and Intensity - Guidance]<br />
* [https://www.verywellmind.com/what-does-it-feel-like-to-get-high-on-acid-21886 Understanding the Acid Trip Experience]<br />
<br />
{{template:endstuff}}<br />
<br />
[[category:terms]]<br />
[[Is a::Connection Supplement| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=MDMA&diff=25101MDMA2023-01-08T21:43:36Z<p>Tristan: </p>
<hr />
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<blockquote class="definition">'''MDMA''' is an extremely powerful [[Entactogen]] that temporarily suppresses the body's fear and anxiety response thus enabling one to recognize and process even deeply buried traumatic experiences. <br />
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==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
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[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
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==Notes==<br />
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MDMA is ''not'' a recreational drug and should not be used as such. MDMA is a powerful psychoactive that is extremely useful for healing even deep trauma. <br />
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MDMA is a "breakthrough" therapy for PTSD.<ref>Mitchell, Jennifer M., Michael Bogenschutz, Alia Lilienstein, Charlotte Harrison, Sarah Kleiman, Kelly Parker-Guilbert, Marcela Ot’alora G., et al. “MDMA-Assisted Therapy for Severe PTSD: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Study.” Nature Medicine 27, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 1025–33. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01336-3.</ref><br />
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MDMA has a "strong bias toward the positive end of the affective spectrum, deeply heart-full, centered psychological insight and self-aceptance, and tends to produce less visual imagery or 'cosmic'breakthroughs or metaphysical disorientation."<ref>Olivetti, Katherine. “Dimensions of the Psyche.” ''Jung Journal'' 9, no. 4 (October 2, 2015): 98–124. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1080/19342039.2015.108693</nowiki> p. 103</ref><br />
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'''Action and Measurement'''<br />
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MDMA significantly improves sleep quality in those with post-traumatic-stress-disorder as far as twelve months out from initial treatment. <ref>Linnae Ponte et al., “Sleep Quality Improvements After MDMA‐Assisted Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.,” ''Journal of Traumatic Stress'' 34, no. 4 (August 2021): 851–63.</ref><br />
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The negative experience of "comedowns", colloquially known as "Blue Mondays," are often anecdotally reported by people who take MDMA. Research by Sessa et al. suggests that MDMA comedowns do not exist in a clinical environment and should instead be attributed to improper dosing and illicit sourcing. <ref>Ben Sessa et al., “Debunking the Myth of ‘Blue Mondays’: No Evidence of Affect Drop after Taking Clinical MDMA,” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 36, no. 3 (March 2022): 360–67, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211055809</nowiki>.</ref><br />
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As Rigg et al. notes, MDMA related deaths (MRDs) are not due to inherent dangers with the substance nor attributed to overdose. Instead, they are caused by relating factors such as "hyperthermia, dehydration, drug interactions, or hyponaetremia". Similarly to Sessa et al. this stems from incorrect testing, sourcing, and ingestion. <ref>Khary K. Rigg and Amanda Sharp, “Deaths Related to MDMA (Ecstasy/Molly): Prevalence, Root Causes, and Harm Reduction Interventions.,” ''Journal of Substance Use'' 23, no. 4 (July 2018): 345–52, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1080/14659891.2018.1436607</nowiki>. p. 345.</ref> <br />
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==Effects==<br />
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* [https://twitter.com/hilaryagro/status/1229177598003077123?s=46&t=dCwTLAOT1xQPTMd3Z7VoXg MDMA and libertarianism]<br />
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[[Is a::Connection Supplement| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=MDMA&diff=24870MDMA2023-01-06T18:47:59Z<p>Tristan: </p>
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<blockquote class="definition">'''MDMA''' is an extremely powerful [[Entactogen]] that temporarily suppresses the body's fear and anxiety response thus enabling one to recognize and process even deeply buried traumatic experiences. <br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
<br />
MDMA is ''not'' a recreational drug and should not be used as such. MDMA is a powerful psychoactive that is extremely useful for healing even deep trauma. <br />
<br />
MDMA is a "breakthrough" therapy for PTSD.<ref>Mitchell, Jennifer M., Michael Bogenschutz, Alia Lilienstein, Charlotte Harrison, Sarah Kleiman, Kelly Parker-Guilbert, Marcela Ot’alora G., et al. “MDMA-Assisted Therapy for Severe PTSD: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Study.” Nature Medicine 27, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 1025–33. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01336-3.</ref><br />
<br />
MDMA has a "strong bias toward the positive end of the affective spectrum, deeply heart-full, centered psychological insight and self-aceptance, and tends to produce less visual imagery or 'cosmic'breakthroughs or metaphysical disorientation."<ref>Olivetti, Katherine. “Dimensions of the Psyche.” ''Jung Journal'' 9, no. 4 (October 2, 2015): 98–124. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1080/19342039.2015.108693</nowiki> p. 103</ref><br />
<br />
'''Action and Measurement'''<br />
<br />
The negative experience of "comedowns", colloquially known as "Blue Mondays," are often anecdotally reported by people who take MDMA. Research by Sessa et al. suggests that MDMA comedowns do not exist in a clinical environment and should instead be attributed to improper dosing and illicit sourcing. <ref>Ben Sessa et al., “Debunking the Myth of ‘Blue Mondays’: No Evidence of Affect Drop after Taking Clinical MDMA,” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 36, no. 3 (March 2022): 360–67, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211055809</nowiki>.</ref> <br />
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==Effects==<br />
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* [https://twitter.com/hilaryagro/status/1229177598003077123?s=46&t=dCwTLAOT1xQPTMd3Z7VoXg MDMA and libertarianism]<br />
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[[Is a::Connection Supplement| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Psilocybin_Mushroom&diff=24869Psilocybin Mushroom2023-01-06T18:37:25Z<p>Tristan: /* Notes */</p>
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<blockquote class="definition">'''Psilocybin Mushrooms''' are [[Connection Supplements]] popular amongst ancient Mesoamericans, but forced under ground by the the western Church when it participated in the colonization of America's native people.<ref>Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981</ref> <br />
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==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
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[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
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==Notes==<br />
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'''Action and Measurement''<br />
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Psilocybin effects of psilocybin are mediated/reflected in the agonism of the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR), as measured via PET scans.<ref>Stenbæk, Dea Siggaard, Martin Korsbak Madsen, Brice Ozenne, Sara Kristiansen, Daniel Burmester, David Erritzoe, Gitte Moos Knudsen, and Patrick MacDonald Fisher. “Brain Serotonin 2A Receptor Binding Predicts Subjective Temporal and Mystical Effects of Psilocybin in Healthy Humans.” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 35, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 459–68. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881120959609</nowiki>.</ref> Note, given the difficulty of obtaining large PET scans, there is a high correlation between plasma psilocin and 5-HT2AR occupancy; thus, plasma psilocin levels may be used as an accurate surrogate.<ref>Stenbæk, Dea Siggaard, Martin Korsbak Madsen, Brice Ozenne, Sara Kristiansen, Daniel Burmester, David Erritzoe, Gitte Moos Knudsen, and Patrick MacDonald Fisher. “Brain Serotonin 2A Receptor Binding Predicts Subjective Temporal and Mystical Effects of Psilocybin in Healthy Humans.” ''Journal of Psychopharmacology'' 35, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 459–68. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881120959609</nowiki>.</ref> <br />
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'''Treatment'''<br />
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'''Additional'''<br />
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Mushrooms visualized as little male or female beings, elves, duendes, tricksters, ''saint children,'' the blood of Christ..<ref>Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981.</ref><br />
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Allow one to speak with the Lords of the Mountains, the beings who are the masters of all things.<ref>Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981. p. 32.</ref> <br />
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"It was not only the gold and natural riches of Anahuac, the culture and art of Mesoamerica that astonished the Spanish priests and conquistadors who arrived in this land in the sixteenth century: the native medicines (comprising a "marvellous collection" of hallucinogenic plants) were also the objects of attention, study, and condemnation."<ref>Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981. p. 23.</ref> Hallucinogenic practices were seen as "demoniacal" an the practice was forced underground in most cases, but survived in Huautla, in Sierra Mazatec.<br />
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Mushrooms have the power to cure, and also give "the mystical force that creates the elevated, esoteric language of the shaman." <ref>Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981. p. 23.</ref><br />
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Seen as teonanacatle - Flesh of the Gods. <br />
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Were given great respect by elders.<br />
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"...Sometime later I knew that the mushrooms were like God. That they gave wisdom, that they cured illnesses, and that our people, since a long time ago, had eaten them. That they had power, that they were the blood of Christ."<ref>Maria Sabina quoted in Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981. p. 40.</ref><br />
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Mushrooms provide contact with the ''Little One Who Springs Forth.''<ref>Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981. p. 47.</ref><br />
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"Before Wasson nobody took the mushrooms only to find God. They were always taken for the sick to get well."<ref>Estrada, Alvaro. Maria Sabina: Her Life and Chants. Translated by Henry Munn. Santa Barbara, California: Ross-Erikson, 1981. p. 73. </ref><br />
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=== Health Benefits ===<br />
Cures depression and physical ailments.<ref>Wing. “Surprising Results: Psilocybin Trial for Depression Alleviates Chronic Pain.” ''Psychedelics Today'' (blog), November 15, 2022. [https://psychedelicstoday.com/2022/11/15/surprising-results-psilocybin-trial-for-depression-alleviates-chronic-pain/&#x5B;/fn https://psychedelicstoday.com/2022/11/15/surprising-results-psilocybin-trial-for-depression-alleviates-chronic-pain/]</ref><br />
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=== Aztecs ===<br />
'''Aztecs:''' Psilocybin and jimson weed used by Aztec Priests " Certain priests engaged in prophesies and the interpretation of visions: these could be induced by psychotropic plants - jimson weed, Psilocybe mushrooms, or peyote cactus buttons."<ref>Townsend, Richard f. ''The Aztecs''. London: Thames & Hudson, 2009. p. 206.</ref><br />
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In Ancient Aztec culture, the ruling class did psychedelics.<blockquote>Another way that nobles and ''macehualtin'' who were elevated to noble status as a result of extraordinary feats on the battlefield acquired magical power was through the ingestion of ca- cao, the inhaling of burning incense, and the taking of psychotropic drugs such as peyote or hallucinogenic mushrooms. The visionary state that resulted from ingesting these plants was a direct communication with gods and goddesses, who entered into human awareness during these times. It was thought that the nobles became stronger and more effective in their public duties when they ate peyote, cacao, mushrooms, or human flesh. This was a privilege of the noble class, but it must be remembered that the main purpose was to enable them to carry out their responsibilities more effectively. <ref>Carrasco, David, and Scott Sessions. ''Daily Life of the Aztecs.'' London: Greenwood Press, 1998. p. 134.</ref></blockquote><br />
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==== The Science ====<br />
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* Helps reduce heavy-drinking<ref>Bogenschutz, Michael P., Stephen Ross, Snehal Bhatt, Tara Baron, Alyssa A. Forcehimes, Eugene Laska, Sarah E. Mennenga, et al. “Percentage of Heavy Drinking Days Following Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy vs Placebo in the Treatment of Adult Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.” ''JAMA Psychiatry'', August 24, 2022. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.2096</nowiki>.</ref><br />
* Improves mood and mental health (microdosing). <ref>Bartlett, Lindsey. “Microdosing Psilocybin Mushrooms Improves Mood And Mental Health After One Month, New Study Finds.” Forbes, 2022. https://www.forbes.com/sites/lindseybartlett/2022/07/05/microdosing-psilocybin-mushrooms-improves-mood-and-mental-health-after-one-month-new-study-finds/.</ref><ref>Rootman, Joseph M., Maggie Kiraga, Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P. C. Kuypers, and Zach Walsh. “Psilocybin Microdosers Demonstrate Greater Observed Improvements in Mood and Mental Health at One Month Relative to Non-Microdosing Controls.” Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 11091. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14512-3.</ref><br />
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[[Is a::Connection Supplement| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Connection_Supplement&diff=24861Connection Supplement2023-01-02T19:05:42Z<p>Tristan: </p>
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<blockquote class="definition">A '''Connection Supplement''' is a dietary supplement (like [[Cannabis]], [[Psilocybin]], [[Peyote]]) or substance (like [[DMT]], [[LSD]], [[Ketamine]], [[MDMA]], etc.) that forces and facilitates stronger [[Connection]] to [[Consciousness]]. Connection Supplements are a component of [[Connection Practice]]<br />
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==Elements of Connection Practice== <br />
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==Syncretic Terms==<br />
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Entheogen, Psychedelic (mind-opening), Psycholytic (mind-releasing)<ref>Pahnke, Walter N., and William A. Richards. “Implications of LSD and Experimental Mysticism.” Journal of Religion and Health 5, no. 3 (1966): 175–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01532646.</ref><br />
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[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a syncretic term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
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==Related LP Terms==<br />
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[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
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==Related Terms==<br />
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[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
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== Action ==<br />
"Psychedelics are serotonin agonists that act predominantly but not exclusively on 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptors."<ref>James Glazer et al., “Low Doses of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) Increase Reward-Related Brain Activity,” ''Neuropsychopharmacology'' 48, no. 2 (January 1, 2023): 418–26, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-022-01479-y</nowiki>.</ref><br />
==Notes==<br />
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Connection Supplements may also be referred to as ''psychedelics'' or ''entheogens'' ("God Containing"). Since the action of entheogens is to open a [[Connection]] to [[The Fabric of Consciousness]]/[[Spiritual Ego]], [[Connection Supplement]] is the superior term.<br />
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=== Indigenous Roots ===<br />
The use of connection supplements to induce [[Connection]], to "achieve trance states for perceiving and contacting the supernatural world is evidently an ancient and widespread human practice."<ref>Harner, Michael J. “The Role of Hallucinogenic Plants in European Witchcraft.” In ''Hallucinogens and Shamanism'', edited by Michael J Harner. New York: Oxford University Press, 1973. p. ix</ref> <br />
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Bennett notes the use of Connection Supplements in ancient religions and esoteric practices <ref>Bennett, Chris. Liber 420: Cannabis, Magickal Herbs and the Occult. Walterville, OR: Trine Day, 2018.</ref><br />
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There is evidence that American indigenous folk used ''Sophora secundiflora) over ten thousand years ago, in Texas and Northern Mexico.<ref>Rogers, Spencer L. The Shaman: His Symbols and His Healing Power. Illinois: Charles Thomas Publishers, 1982. p. 145</ref>''<br />
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"The noted ethnobotanist Richard Evans Schultes has identified no less than 80 different hallucinogenic species that were used, and, like the sacred mushrooms, peyote, morning glories, and several hallucinogenic snuffs and beverages, continue to be used in North and South America" <ref>Furst, Peter. “The Roots and Continuities of Shamanism.” Artscanada, 1974. p. 34</ref> As Lisa Red Bear Notes, “We can’t start history of psychedelics in the ‘60s in the Americas; that needs to stop. We [indigenous people] used this medicine before Jesus Christ walked this Earth.”<ref>Quoted in George, Jamilah R., Timothy I. Michaels, Jae Sevelius, and Monnica T. Williams. “The Psychedelic Renaissance and the Limitations of a White-Dominant Medical Framework: A Call for Indigenous and Ethnic Minority Inclusion.” ''Journal of Psychedelic Studies'' 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 4–15. https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2019.015.p.4.</ref><br />
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Connection supplements may also have been important in Pagan cultures, and in women's European shamanic traditions, vilified as witchcraft. There is evidence to suggest that European Witchcraft legends of broom flying and lycanthropy are linked to using the psychoactive plant Datura. "The European witches rubbed their bodies with a hallucinogenic ointment containing such plants as ''Atropa belladonna, Mandragora, '' and henbane, whose content of atropine was absorbed through the skin." <ref>Harner, Michael J. “The Role of Hallucinogenic Plants in European Witchcraft.” In Hallucinogens and Shamanism, edited by Michael J Harner. New York: Oxford University Press, 1973. 0. 129.</ref> <br />
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Before moving further with your study of connection supplements, read "Psychedelic Renaissance and the Limitations of the White-Dominant Medical Framework"<ref>George, Jamilah R., Timothy I. Michaels, Jae Sevelius, and Monnica T. Williams. “The Psychedelic Renaissance and the Limitations of a White-Dominant Medical Framework: A Call for Indigenous and Ethnic Minority Inclusion.” ''Journal of Psychedelic Studies'' 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 4–15. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1556/2054.2019.015</nowiki>.</ref> and "Indigenous Philosophies and the 'Psychedelic Renaissance'"<ref>Williams, Keith, Osiris Sinuhé González Romero, Michelle Braunstein, and Suzanne Brant. “Indigenous Philosophies and the ‘Psychedelic Renaissance.’” ''Anthropology of Consciousness'' 33, no. 2 (September 1, 2022): 506–27. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1111/anoc.12161</nowiki></ref> so that you might avoid appropriating and exploiting indigenous expertise and might take appropriate steps to include and amplify indigenous voices in the current [[Psychedelic Renaissance]] occurring in Capitalist cultures. <br />
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This consideration must extend to extensive history and experience that Indigenous people have with psychedelic experience and knowledge. <ref>Williams, Keith, Osiris Sinuhé González Romero, Michelle Braunstein, and Suzanne Brant. “Indigenous Philosophies and the ‘Psychedelic Renaissance.’” ''Anthropology of Consciousness'' 33, no. 2 (September 1, 2022): 506–27. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1111/anoc.12161</nowiki></ref> <br />
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Grof refers to various psychedelic plants and their role in facilitating connection.<ref>Grof, Stanislav. “Psychology For the Future: Lessons from Modern Consciousness Research.” ''Spirituality Studies'' 2, no. 1 (2016): 3–36. p. 6.</ref> Grof also relates a discussion with Swami Muktananda who notes that cannabis and soma remain important aspects of hindu spiritual rituals. <ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens''. Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref><br />
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Grof suggests that LSD (and I would add other connection supplements) operates as an " amplifier or catalyst of mental processes that confronts the experiencer with his own unconscious."<ref>. “Theoretical and Empirical Basis of Transpersonal Psychology and Psychotherapy: Observations from LSD Research.” Journal of Transpersonal Psychology 5, no. 1 (June 1973): 15–53. p. 17.</ref> He further suggests that these allow us to "study the content and dynamics of the unconscious in areas and levels of the human personality that arc difficult to reach with less powerful techniques."<ref>. “Theoretical and Empirical Basis of Transpersonal Psychology and Psychotherapy: Observations from LSD Research.” Journal of Transpersonal Psychology 5, no. 1 (June 1973): 15–53. p. 18.</ref><br />
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Grof also notes that LSD (and other connection supplements) produce experiences indistinguishable from those induced by various [[Connection Techniques]] like sleep and sensory deprivation, hypnosis, etc.<ref>. “Theoretical and Empirical Basis of Transpersonal Psychology and Psychotherapy: Observations from LSD Research.” Journal of Transpersonal Psychology 5, no. 1 (June 1973): 15–53. p. 17.</ref><br />
<br />
[https://www.rxleaf.com/cannabis-in-biblical-times/ Archaeologists in Israel have uncovered fresh evidence of cannabis use in Biblical times.]<br />
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The lunatic Aleister Crowley made extensive use of connection supplements, including Mescaline and Peyote.<ref>Pasi, Marco. “Varieties of Magical Experience: Aleister Crowley’s Views on Occult Practice.” In Aleister Crowley and Western Esotericism, edited by Henrik Bogdan and Martin P. Starr, 53–88. Oxford University Press, 2012.</ref><br />
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Connection supplements induce [[Awakening Experience]]s: "These drugs are not narcotics, sedatives, or energizers, but have the unique effect on the human psyche of bringing into awareness forms of consciousness that are usually hidden or unconscious" <Ref>Pahnke, Walter N., and William A. Richards. “Implications of LSD and Experimental Mysticism.” Journal of Religion and Health 5, no. 3 (1966): 175–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01532646. p. 175</ref><br />
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There was serious interest in connection supplements in the late 1950s and early 1960s.<Ref>Pahnke, Walter N., and William A. Richards. “Implications of LSD and Experimental Mysticism.” Journal of Religion and Health 5, no. 3 (1966): 175–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01532646. p. 175</ref> Pahnke notes, however, resistance and pushback to the potential of connection supplements. "In the midst of this experimental ferment, however, we are confronted by the very real possibility that the known and unknown uses of these drugs that could prove to be legitimate and beneficial for individual persons and society may be suppressed until some future century when investigation will be permitted to proceed unhampered by popular hysteria and over-restrictive legislation. In the United States, interested and capable scientists are hesitating to investigate this field because of the abundance of unfavorable publicity and the threat of condemnation by identification with irresponsible researchers." <Ref>Pahnke, Walter N., and William A. Richards. “Implications of LSD and Experimental Mysticism.” Journal of Religion and Health 5, no. 3 (1966): 175–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01532646. p. 175-76</ref> <br />
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Pahnke and Richards <ref>Pahnke, Walter N., and William A. Richards. “Implications of LSD and Experimental Mysticism.” Journal of Religion and Health 5, no. 3 (1966): 176. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01532646. p. 175</ref> and Pahnke <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969, 149–62.</ref> summarize early evidence indicating that the connection experiences induced by connection supplements are similar, if not identical, to spontaneous connection experience. Pahnke says <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969, 149–62.</ref><br />
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Timothy Leary notes "sacred mushrooms" sent him on a five-hour connection experience that was "without question the deepest religious experience of my life."<ref>Leary, T. “The Religious Experience: Its Production and Interpretation.” Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 3, no. 1 (1970): 76–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.1970.10471364. p. 324</ref> Leary also suggested that "between 40 and 90 percent of psychedelic subjects report intense religious experience."<ref>Leary, T. “The Religious Experience: Its Production and Interpretation.” Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 3, no. 1 (1970): 76–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.1970.10471364. p. 345</ref> <br />
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Klavetter and Mogar note that LSD can trigger "an experience highly similar to the more inclusive peak experience..."<ref>Klavetter, Robert E., and Robert E. Mogar. “Peak Experiences: Investigation of Their Relationship to Psychedelic Therapy and Self-Actualization.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 7, no. 2 (1967): 171.</ref> The authors also note that the "nature, intensity, and content of the psychedelic state are the result of complex transactions between the subject's past history and personality, the set and expectancies of both subject and administrator,and the physical and psychological milieu in which the experience"<ref>Klavetter, Robert E., and Robert E. Mogar. “Peak Experiences: Investigation of Their Relationship to Psychedelic Therapy and Self-Actualization.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 7, no. 2 (1967): 171.</ref><br />
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Griffiths et. al note that Psilocybin "increased measures of mystical experience. At 2 months, the volunteers rated the psilocybin experience as having substantial personal meaning and spiritual significance and attributed to the experience sustained positive changes in attitudes and behavior consistent with changes rated by community observers."<ref>Griffiths, R. R., W. A. Richards, U. McCann, and R. Jesse. “Psilocybin Can Occasion Mystical-Type Experiences Having Substantial and Sustained Personal Meaning and Spiritual Significance.” Psychopharmacology 187, no. 3 (2006): 268. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-006-0457-5</ref><br />
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Evelyn Underhill references "Alice-in-Wonderland's mushroom" as capable of putting one in touch with more fundamental aspects of reality.<ref>Underhill, Evelyn. Mysticism: A Study in the Nature and Development of Spiritual Consciousness. New York: Dover Publications, 2002. https://amzn.to/2C91xNY.</ref><br />
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Reacting to a "growing chorus of claims...suggesting that the ingestion of certain drugs (e.g., mescaline and LSD) can induce experiences profoundly 'religion' in significance," Oaks<ref>Oakes, Robert A. “Biochemistry and Theistic Mysticism.” Sophia 15, no. 2 (July 1976): 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02798899.</ref> denies, on philosophical grounds, the possibility that connection supplements can induce religious (i.e., connection) experience.<br />
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Psilocybin and jimson weed used by Aztec Priests " Certain priests engaged in prophesies and the interpretation of visions: these could be induced by psychotropic plants - jimson weed, Psilocybe mushrooms, or peyote cactus buttons."<ref>Townsend, Richard f. ''The Aztecs''. London: Thames & Hudson, 2009. p. 206</ref><br />
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===Healing===<br />
<br />
The healing potential of Connection Supplements has been recently rediscovered<ref>Neitzke-Spruill, Logan, and Carol Glasser. “A Gratuitous Grace: The Influence of Religious Set and Intent on the Psychedelic Experience.” Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 50, no. 4 (October 9, 2018): 314–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2018.1494869.</ref>, though as we can see, serious interest was displayed over a century ago. Interest waned as a consequence of elite pushback against the progressive potential of [[Connection Supplements]]<ref>Sosteric. Rocket Scientists’ Guide to Authentic Spirituality. St. Albert, Alberta: Lightning Path Press, 2018. https://amzn.to/2Vnr4L4.</ref>.<br />
<br />
===LSD===<br />
<br />
Alex Mathews-King points out that LSD and magic mushrooms stimulate the growth of "new branches and connections" in the brain and are proving effective in treating chronic and recalcitrant conditions like depression and LSD.<ref>Mathews-King, Alex. “LSD and Magic Mushrooms Could Repair Brain Circuits ‘shrivelled’ by Depression, Finds Study.” The Independent, 2018. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/psychedelic-drugs-brain-repair-lsd-depression-anxiety-lsd-dmt-amphetamines-ketamine-a8395511.html. For the science article, see Ly, Calvin, Alexandra C. Greb, Lindsay P. Cameron, Jonathan M. Wong, Eden V. Barragan, Paige C. Wilson, Kyle F. Burbach, et al. “Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity.” Cell Reports 23, no. 11 (June 12, 2018): 3170–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.022</ref><br />
<br />
LSD and Magic Mushrooms could heal damaged brain cells in people suffering from depression <ref>Mathews-King, Alex. “LSD and Magic Mushrooms Could Repair Brain Circuits ‘shrivelled’ by Depression, Finds Study.” The Independent, 2018. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/psychedelic-drugs-brain-repair-lsd-depression-anxiety-lsd-dmt-amphetamines-ketamine-a8395511.html.</ref> https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/psychedelic-drugs-brain-repair-lsd-depression-anxiety-lsd-dmt-amphetamines-ketamine-a8395511.html<br />
<br />
One study finds that consistent microdosing improves anxiety, stress, and depression and increases life satisfaction<ref>Rootman, Joseph M., Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Vince Polito, Francoise Bourzat, and Zach Walsh. “Adults Who Microdose Psychedelics Report Health Related Motivations and Lower Levels of Anxiety and Depression Compared to Non-Microdosers.” Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (November 18, 2021): 22479. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4.</ref><br />
<br />
'''Depression'''<br />
<br />
Psilocybin therapy 4 times more effective than antidepressants, study finds https://newatlas.com/health-wellbeing/psilocybin-therapy-major-depression-trial-results-johns-hopkins/<br />
<br />
===Cultural Usage of Connection Supplements===<br />
<br />
Anthropologist Margaret Mead noted that [[Kava]], which is used to produce a mild entheogenic drink, was consumed daily by Samoan men and women in a ritual where the "talking chief...serves the kava."<ref>Mead, Margaret. The Coming of Age in Samoa: A Psychological Study of Primitive Youth for Western Civilization. Kindle. New York: William Morrow, 2016. https://amzn.to/2D4znnX</ref><br />
<br />
Cannabis as Connection Supplement is recognized in India.<ref>Adams, Benjamin M. “Temples in India Serve Ganja for Religious Purposes.” Dope Magazine, 2020. https://dopemagazine.com/temples-in-india-serve-ganja-for-religious-purposes/.</ref><br />
<br />
==== The Huichol ====<br />
The huichol engage in a peyote hunt which includes a 40 day pilgrimage surrounding with rituals of cleansing ("confession") aimed at creating a positive emotional and mental space, allowing them to attain the ultimate goal of the peyote hunt, "the return of the innocence and Paradise of the [[First Time]]." <ref>Myerhoff, Barbara G. ''Peyote Hunt: The Sacred Journey of the Huichol Indians''. London: Cornell University Press, 1974. p. 133. <nowiki>https://archive.org/details/peyotehuntsacred0000myer/page/n5/mode/2up</nowiki>. </ref><br />
<br />
====The Aztecs==== <br />
<br />
In Ancient Aztec culture, the ruling class did psychedelics.<br />
<br />
<blockquote>Another way that nobles and macehualtin who were elevated to noble status as a result of extraordinary feats on the battlefield acquired magical power was through the ingestion of ca- cao, the inhaling of burning incense, and the taking of psychotropic drugs such as peyote or hallucinogenic mushrooms. The visionary state that resulted from ingesting these plants was a direct communication with gods and goddesses, who entered into human awareness during these times. It was thought that the nobles became stronger and more effective in their public duties when they ate peyote, cacao, mushrooms, or human flesh. This was a privilege of the noble class, but it must be remembered that the main purpose was to enable them to carry out their responsibilities more effectively. <ref>Carrasco, David, and Scott Sessions. ''Daily Life of the Aztecs.'' London: Greenwood Press, 1998. p. 134.</ref> </blockquote><br />
<br />
====Mazatec Indians====<br />
<br />
Amongst the Mazatec, who use psilocybin mushrooms for healing and contact with the spiritual realms, "Usually several members of a family eat the mushrooms together: it is not uncommon for a father, mother, children, uncles, and aunts to all participate in these transformations of the mind that elevate consciousness onto a higher plane."<ref>Munn, Henry. “The Mushrooms of Language.” In Hallucinogens and Shamanism, edited by Michael J Harner, 86–122. New York: Oxford University Press, 1973. p.86</ref><br />
<br />
====The Jivaro of Bolivia====<br />
<br />
"The Jivaro believe that the true determinants of life and death are normally invisible forces which can be seen and<br />
utilized only with the aid of hallucinogenic drugs. The normal waking life is explicitly viewed as "false" or "a lie," and<br />
it is firmly believed that truth about causality is to be found by entering the supernatural world or what the Jivaro view<br />
as the "real" world, for they feel that the events which take place within it underlie and are the basis for many of surface manifestation and mysteries of daily life.<br />
<br />
Thus, within a few days of birth, a baby is given a hallucinogenic dn1g to help it enter the "real" world and hopefully<br />
to obtain help in surviving the hazards of infancy through seeing an "ancient specter." If an older child misbehaves, his parents may administer another, stronger, hallucinogen to enable him to see that the "reality" on which<br />
they base their knowledge and authority does indeed exist.<br />
<br />
Even hunting dogs are given their own special hallucinogen to provide them with the essential contact with the supernatural plane. Finally, entrance into the normally invisible realm is considered so essential to success that the two kinds of<br />
leaders in Jfvaro society, the outstanding killers (kakaram) and shamans, are the two types of persons for whom hallucinogenic drugs tend to have the most important role. Their achievements are believed by the Jfvaro to be directly connected to their ability to enter, and utilize the souls and spuits of, that "real" world."<ref>Harner, Michael J. The Jivaro: People of the Sacred Waterfalls. London: Robert Hale & Company, 1972. p.134-5 </ref><br />
<br />
===Details===<br />
<br />
Connection supplements vary in intensity of connection and duration of effect. <br />
<br />
Regarding intensity and duration, LSD has high intensity and long duration, while cannabis has lower intensity and lower duration. Note that there is a considerable difference in duration between cannabis that is inhaled and cannabis that is ingested. When inhaled, duration is typically 90 minutes. When ingested, duration is approximately six hours.<br />
<br />
In general, guidance from experienced and authentic new energy guides is recommended, especially when attempting connection with more intense substances.<br />
<br />
To achieve successful, grounded, aligned, non-paranoid, fear-less connection, it is important to establish [[Aligned Thought]], [[Aligned Environment]], and [[Aligned Action]]. [[Lightning Path]] materials, and in particular the [[Triumph of Spirit Archetype System]], are designed to help facilitate alignment. To get started on the Lightning Path, visit https://www.lightningpath.org/.<br />
<br />
[[Set and Setting]], another way of looking at Aligned Thought and Aligned Environment, is important. Connection supplements do not invariably lead to [[Connection Experiences]] As Huston notes, "given the right set and setting, the drugs can induce religious experiences that are indistinguishable from such experiences that occurs spontaneously.<ref>Huston, Smith. Cleansing the Doors of Perception. Boulder, CO: Sentient Publications, 2000. p. 20. https://amzn.to/2tZmoPw</ref> <br />
<br />
Neurology is not well understood at this time, but it appears that connection is facilitated via suppression of the [[Default Mode Network]] (Sosteric, SOA) and activation of unused neural pathways.<br />
<br />
In regards to cannabis, [https://www.wired.com/story/scientists-map-the-receptor-that-makes-weed-work/ the cannabinoid receptors (CB1) are located throughout the body, in the brain, liver, lungs fat cells, uterus, and sperm!]. When either endogenous or exogenous cannabinoids are present, these bind to the receptors and trigger a "cornucopia" of chemical signals. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabinoid_receptor See also this]. Cannabis is thus likely involved in more than just the facilitation of connection.<br />
<br />
==Additional Reading==<br />
<br />
* [https://reset.me Rest Me] - An excellent site on the healing and connecting properties of various connection supplements. <br />
<br />
{{courses}}<br />
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{{lp150}}<br />
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[[Is a related LP term::Awakening| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Alignment| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Atonement| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Activation| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Ascension| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Accountability| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection Practice| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection Visualization| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection Affirmation| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Shaman| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Chakras| ]]<br />
[[Is an element of::Connection Practice| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection Axes| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Connection_Supplement&diff=24846Connection Supplement2023-01-01T18:48:22Z<p>Tristan: /* List of Connection Supplements */</p>
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<h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1><br />
<blockquote class="definition">A '''Connection Supplement''' is a dietary supplement (like [[Cannabis]], [[Psilocybin]], [[Peyote]]) or substance (like [[DMT]], [[LSD]], [[Ketamine]], [[MDMA]], etc.) that forces and facilitates stronger [[Connection]] to [[Consciousness]]. Connection Supplements are a component of [[Connection Practice]]<br />
<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==Elements of Connection Practice== <br />
<br />
[[Connection Practice]] > {{#ask:[[Is an element of::Connection Practice]]}}<br />
<br />
==Syncretic Terms==<br />
<br />
Entheogen, Psychedelic (mind-opening), Psycholytic (mind-releasing)<ref>Pahnke, Walter N., and William A. Richards. “Implications of LSD and Experimental Mysticism.” Journal of Religion and Health 5, no. 3 (1966): 175–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01532646.</ref><br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a syncretic term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related LP Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
<br />
Connection Supplements may also be referred to as ''psychedelics'' or ''entheogens'' ("God Containing"). Since the action of entheogens is to open a [[Connection]] to [[The Fabric of Consciousness]]/[[Spiritual Ego]], [[Connection Supplement]] is the superior term.<br />
<br />
The use of connection supplements to induce [[Connection]] is ancient. "The noted ethnobotanist Richard Evans Schultes has identified no less than 80 different hallucinogenic species that were used, and, like the sacred mushrooms, peyote, morning glories, and several hallucinogenic snuffs and beverages, continue to be used in North and South America" <ref>Furst, Peter. “The Roots and Continuities of Shamanism.” Artscanada, 1974. p. 34</ref><br />
<br />
Grof refers to various psychedelic plants and their role in facilitating connection.<ref>Grof, Stanislav. “Psychology For the Future: Lessons from Modern Consciousness Research.” ''Spirituality Studies'' 2, no. 1 (2016): 3–36. p. 6.</ref> Grof also relates a discussion with Swami Muktananda who notes that cannabis and soma remain important aspects of hindu spiritual rituals. <ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens''. Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
Grof suggests that LSD (and I would add other connection supplements) operates as an " amplifier or catalyst of mental processes that confronts the experiencer with his own unconscious."<ref>. “Theoretical and Empirical Basis of Transpersonal Psychology and Psychotherapy: Observations from LSD Research.” Journal of Transpersonal Psychology 5, no. 1 (June 1973): 15–53. p. 17.</ref> He further suggests that these allow us to "study the content and dynamics of the unconscious in areas and levels of the human personality that arc difficult to reach with less powerful techniques."<ref>. “Theoretical and Empirical Basis of Transpersonal Psychology and Psychotherapy: Observations from LSD Research.” Journal of Transpersonal Psychology 5, no. 1 (June 1973): 15–53. p. 18.</ref><br />
<br />
Grof also notes that LSD (and other connection supplements) produce experiences indistinguishable from those induced by various [[Connection Techniques]] like sleep and sensory deprivation, hypnosis, etc.<ref>. “Theoretical and Empirical Basis of Transpersonal Psychology and Psychotherapy: Observations from LSD Research.” Journal of Transpersonal Psychology 5, no. 1 (June 1973): 15–53. p. 17.</ref><br />
<br />
[https://www.rxleaf.com/cannabis-in-biblical-times/ Archaeologists in Israel have uncovered fresh evidence of cannabis use in Biblical times.]<br />
<br />
There is evidence to suggest that European Witchcraft legends of broom flying and lycanthropy are linked to using the psychoactive plant Datura. "The European witches rubbed their bodies with a hallucinogenic ointment containing such plants as ''Atropa belladonna, Mandragora, '' and henbane, whose content of atropine was absorbed through the skin." <ref>Harner, Michael J. “The Role of Hallucinogenic Plants in European Witchcraft.” In Hallucinogens and Shamanism, edited by Michael J Harner. New York: Oxford University Press, 1973. 0. 129.</ref> <br />
<br />
"The use of hallucinogenic agents to achieve trance states for perceiving and contacting the supernatural world is evidently an ancient and widespread human practice."<ref>Harner, Michael J. Hallucinogens and Shamanism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1973. p. xi.</ref> <br />
<br />
There is evidence that American indigenous folk used ''Sophora secundiflora) over ten thousand years ago, in Texas and Northern Mexico.<ref>Rogers, Spencer L. The Shaman: His Symbols and His Healing Power. Illinois: Charles Thomas Publishers, 1982. p. 145</ref><br />
<br />
The lunatic Aleister Crowley made extensive use of connection supplements, including Mescaline and Peyote.<ref>Pasi, Marco. “Varieties of Magical Experience: Aleister Crowley’s Views on Occult Practice.” In Aleister Crowley and Western Esotericism, edited by Henrik Bogdan and Martin P. Starr, 53–88. Oxford University Press, 2012.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
Connection supplements induce [[Awakening Experience]]s: "These drugs are not narcotics, sedatives, or energizers, but have the unique effect on the human psyche of bringing into awareness forms of consciousness that are usually hidden or unconscious" <Ref>Pahnke, Walter N., and William A. Richards. “Implications of LSD and Experimental Mysticism.” Journal of Religion and Health 5, no. 3 (1966): 175–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01532646. p. 175</ref><br />
<br />
Bennett notes the use of Connection Supplements in ancient religions and esoteric practices <ref>Bennett, Chris. Liber 420: Cannabis, Magickal Herbs and the Occult. Walterville, OR: Trine Day, 2018.</ref><br />
<br />
There was serious interest in connection supplements in the late 1950s and early 1960s.<Ref>Pahnke, Walter N., and William A. Richards. “Implications of LSD and Experimental Mysticism.” Journal of Religion and Health 5, no. 3 (1966): 175–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01532646. p. 175</ref> Pahnke notes, however, resistance and pushback to the potential of connection supplements. "In the midst of this experimental ferment, however, we are confronted by the very real possibility that the known and unknown uses of these drugs that could prove to be legitimate and beneficial for individual persons and society may be suppressed until some future century when investigation will be permitted to proceed unhampered by popular hysteria and over-restrictive legislation. In the United States, interested and capable scientists are hesitating to investigate this field because of the abundance of unfavorable publicity and the threat of condemnation by identification with irresponsible researchers." <Ref>Pahnke, Walter N., and William A. Richards. “Implications of LSD and Experimental Mysticism.” Journal of Religion and Health 5, no. 3 (1966): 175–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01532646. p. 175-76</ref> <br />
<br />
Pahnke and Richards <ref>Pahnke, Walter N., and William A. Richards. “Implications of LSD and Experimental Mysticism.” Journal of Religion and Health 5, no. 3 (1966): 176. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01532646. p. 175</ref> and Pahnke <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969, 149–62.</ref> summarize early evidence indicating that the connection experiences induced by connection supplements are similar, if not identical, to spontaneous connection experience. Pahnke says <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969, 149–62.</ref><br />
<br />
Timothy Leary notes "sacred mushrooms" sent him on a five-hour connection experience that was "without question the deepest religious experience of my life."<ref>Leary, T. “The Religious Experience: Its Production and Interpretation.” Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 3, no. 1 (1970): 76–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.1970.10471364. p. 324</ref> Leary also suggested that "between 40 and 90 percent of psychedelic subjects report intense religious experience."<ref>Leary, T. “The Religious Experience: Its Production and Interpretation.” Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 3, no. 1 (1970): 76–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.1970.10471364. p. 345</ref> <br />
<br />
Klavetter and Mogar note that LSD can trigger "an experience highly similar to the more inclusive peak experience..."<ref>Klavetter, Robert E., and Robert E. Mogar. “Peak Experiences: Investigation of Their Relationship to Psychedelic Therapy and Self-Actualization.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 7, no. 2 (1967): 171.</ref> The authors also note that the "nature, intensity, and content of the psychedelic state are the result of complex transactions between the subject's past history and personality, the set and expectancies of both subject and administrator,and the physical and psychological milieu in which the experience"<ref>Klavetter, Robert E., and Robert E. Mogar. “Peak Experiences: Investigation of Their Relationship to Psychedelic Therapy and Self-Actualization.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 7, no. 2 (1967): 171.</ref><br />
<br />
Griffiths et. al note that Psilocybin "increased measures of mystical experience. At 2 months, the volunteers rated the psilocybin experience as having substantial personal meaning and spiritual significance and attributed to the experience sustained positive changes in attitudes and behavior consistent with changes rated by community observers."<ref>Griffiths, R. R., W. A. Richards, U. McCann, and R. Jesse. “Psilocybin Can Occasion Mystical-Type Experiences Having Substantial and Sustained Personal Meaning and Spiritual Significance.” Psychopharmacology 187, no. 3 (2006): 268. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-006-0457-5</ref><br />
<br />
Evelyn Underhill references "Alice-in-Wonderland's mushroom" as capable of putting one in touch with more fundamental aspects of reality.<ref>Underhill, Evelyn. Mysticism: A Study in the Nature and Development of Spiritual Consciousness. New York: Dover Publications, 2002. https://amzn.to/2C91xNY.</ref><br />
<br />
Reacting to a "growing chorus of claims...suggesting that the ingestion of certain drugs (e.g., mescaline and LSD) can induce experiences profoundly 'religion' in significance," Oaks<ref>Oakes, Robert A. “Biochemistry and Theistic Mysticism.” Sophia 15, no. 2 (July 1976): 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02798899.</ref> denies, on philosophical grounds, the possibility that connection supplements can induce religious (i.e., connection) experience.<br />
<br />
Psilocybin and jimson weed used by Aztec Priests " Certain priests engaged in prophesies and the interpretation of visions: these could be induced by psychotropic plants - jimson weed, Psilocybe mushrooms, or peyote cactus buttons."<ref>Townsend, Richard f. ''The Aztecs''. London: Thames & Hudson, 2009. p. 206</ref><br />
<br />
'''Action'''<br />
<br />
"Psychedelics are serotonin agonists that act predominantly but not exclusively on 5-HT<sub>2A</sub> receptors."<ref>James Glazer et al., “Low Doses of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) Increase Reward-Related Brain Activity,” ''Neuropsychopharmacology'' 48, no. 2 (January 1, 2023): 418–26, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-022-01479-y</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
===Healing===<br />
<br />
<br />
The healing potential of Connection Supplements has been recently rediscovered<ref>Neitzke-Spruill, Logan, and Carol Glasser. “A Gratuitous Grace: The Influence of Religious Set and Intent on the Psychedelic Experience.” Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 50, no. 4 (October 9, 2018): 314–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2018.1494869.</ref>, though as we can see, serious interest was displayed over a century ago. Interest waned as a consequence of elite pushback against the progressive potential of [[Connection Supplements]]<ref>Sosteric. Rocket Scientists’ Guide to Authentic Spirituality. St. Albert, Alberta: Lightning Path Press, 2018. https://amzn.to/2Vnr4L4.</ref>.<br />
<br />
===LSD===<br />
<br />
Alex Mathews-King points out that LSD and magic mushrooms stimulate the growth of "new branches and connections" in the brain and are proving effective in treating chronic and recalcitrant conditions like depression and LSD.<ref>Mathews-King, Alex. “LSD and Magic Mushrooms Could Repair Brain Circuits ‘shrivelled’ by Depression, Finds Study.” The Independent, 2018. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/psychedelic-drugs-brain-repair-lsd-depression-anxiety-lsd-dmt-amphetamines-ketamine-a8395511.html. For the science article, see Ly, Calvin, Alexandra C. Greb, Lindsay P. Cameron, Jonathan M. Wong, Eden V. Barragan, Paige C. Wilson, Kyle F. Burbach, et al. “Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity.” Cell Reports 23, no. 11 (June 12, 2018): 3170–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.022</ref><br />
<br />
LSD and Magic Mushrooms could heal damaged brain cells in people suffering from depression <ref>Mathews-King, Alex. “LSD and Magic Mushrooms Could Repair Brain Circuits ‘shrivelled’ by Depression, Finds Study.” The Independent, 2018. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/psychedelic-drugs-brain-repair-lsd-depression-anxiety-lsd-dmt-amphetamines-ketamine-a8395511.html.</ref> https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/psychedelic-drugs-brain-repair-lsd-depression-anxiety-lsd-dmt-amphetamines-ketamine-a8395511.html<br />
<br />
One study finds that consistent microdosing improves anxiety, stress, and depression and increases life satisfaction<ref>Rootman, Joseph M., Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Vince Polito, Francoise Bourzat, and Zach Walsh. “Adults Who Microdose Psychedelics Report Health Related Motivations and Lower Levels of Anxiety and Depression Compared to Non-Microdosers.” Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (November 18, 2021): 22479. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4.</ref><br />
<br />
===Cannabis===<br />
<br />
Older adults increasingly using Cannabis as a treatment for pain/arthritis, sleep disturbance, anxiety, and depression. <ref>Yang, Kevin H., Christopher N. Kaufmann, Reva Nafsu, Ella T. Lifset, Khai Nguyen, Michelle Sexton, Benjamin H. Han, Arum Kim, and Alison A. Moore. “Cannabis: An Emerging Treatment for Common Symptoms in Older Adults.” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society n/a, no. n/a (October 7, 2020). https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16833.</ref><br />
<br />
'''OCD''' Inhaled cannabis reduced the severity of compulsions by 60% and intrusions by 49%. Note the study reports baseline severity of symptoms remained constant over time, indicating that Cannabis is not a cure and additional therapy to understand underline causes is necessary. <ref>Dakota Mauzay, Emily M. LaFrance, and Carrie Cuttler, “Acute Effects of Cannabis on Symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder,” Journal of Affective Disorders, October 6, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.124.</ref><br />
<br />
'''Depression'''<br />
<br />
Psilocybin therapy 4 times more effective than antidepressants, study finds https://newatlas.com/health-wellbeing/psilocybin-therapy-major-depression-trial-results-johns-hopkins/<br />
<br />
===Cultural Usage of Connection Supplements===<br />
<br />
Anthropologist Margaret Mead noted that [[Kava]], which is used to produce a mild entheogenic drink, was consumed daily by Samoan men and women in a ritual where the "talking chief...serves the kava."<ref>Mead, Margaret. The Coming of Age in Samoa: A Psychological Study of Primitive Youth for Western Civilization. Kindle. New York: William Morrow, 2016. https://amzn.to/2D4znnX</ref><br />
<br />
Cannabis as Connection Supplement is recognized in India.<ref>Adams, Benjamin M. “Temples in India Serve Ganja for Religious Purposes.” Dope Magazine, 2020. https://dopemagazine.com/temples-in-india-serve-ganja-for-religious-purposes/.</ref><br />
<br />
==== The Huichol ====<br />
The huichol engage in a peyote hunt which includes a 40 day pilgrimage surrounding with rituals of cleansing ("confession") aimed at creating a positive emotional and mental space, allowing them to attain the ultimate goal of the peyote hunt, "the return of the innocence and Paradise of the [[First Time]]." <ref>Myerhoff, Barbara G. ''Peyote Hunt: The Sacred Journey of the Huichol Indians''. London: Cornell University Press, 1974. p. 133. <nowiki>https://archive.org/details/peyotehuntsacred0000myer/page/n5/mode/2up</nowiki>. </ref><br />
<br />
====The Aztecs==== <br />
<br />
In Ancient Aztec culture, the ruling class did psychedelics.<br />
<br />
<blockquote>Another way that nobles and macehualtin who were elevated to noble status as a result of extraordinary feats on the battlefield acquired magical power was through the ingestion of ca- cao, the inhaling of burning incense, and the taking of psychotropic drugs such as peyote or hallucinogenic mushrooms. The visionary state that resulted from ingesting these plants was a direct communication with gods and goddesses, who entered into human awareness during these times. It was thought that the nobles became stronger and more effective in their public duties when they ate peyote, cacao, mushrooms, or human flesh. This was a privilege of the noble class, but it must be remembered that the main purpose was to enable them to carry out their responsibilities more effectively. <ref>Carrasco, David, and Scott Sessions. ''Daily Life of the Aztecs.'' London: Greenwood Press, 1998. p. 134.</ref> </blockquote><br />
<br />
====Mazatec Indians====<br />
<br />
Amongst the Mazatec, who use psilocybin mushrooms for healing and contact with the spiritual realms, "Usually several members of a family eat the mushrooms together: it is not uncommon for a father, mother, children, uncles, and aunts to all participate in these transformations of the mind that elevate consciousness onto a higher plane."<ref>Munn, Henry. “The Mushrooms of Language.” In Hallucinogens and Shamanism, edited by Michael J Harner, 86–122. New York: Oxford University Press, 1973. p.86</ref><br />
<br />
====The Jivaro of Bolivia====<br />
<br />
"The Jivaro believe that the true determinants of life and death are normally invisible forces which can be seen and<br />
utilized only with the aid of hallucinogenic drugs. The normal waking life is explicitly viewed as "false" or "a lie," and<br />
it is firmly believed that truth about causality is to be found by entering the supernatural world or what the Jivaro view<br />
as the "real" world, for they feel that the events which take place within it underlie and are the basis for many of surface manifestation and mysteries of daily life.<br />
<br />
Thus, within a few days of birth, a baby is given a hallucinogenic dn1g to help it enter the "real" world and hopefully<br />
to obtain help in surviving the hazards of infancy through seeing an "ancient specter." If an older child misbehaves, his parents may administer another, stronger, hallucinogen to enable him to see that the "reality" on which<br />
they base their knowledge and authority does indeed exist.<br />
<br />
Even hunting dogs are given their own special hallucinogen to provide them with the essential contact with the supernatural plane. Finally, entrance into the normally invisible realm is considered so essential to success that the two kinds of<br />
leaders in Jfvaro society, the outstanding killers (kakaram) and shamans, are the two types of persons for whom hallucinogenic drugs tend to have the most important role. Their achievements are believed by the Jfvaro to be directly connected to their ability to enter, and utilize the souls and spuits of, that "real" world."<ref>Harner, Michael J. The Jivaro: People of the Sacred Waterfalls. London: Robert Hale & Company, 1972. p.134-5 </ref><br />
<br />
===Details===<br />
<br />
Connection supplements vary in intensity of connection and duration of effect. <br />
<br />
Regarding intensity and duration, LSD has high intensity and long duration, while cannabis has lower intensity and lower duration. Note that there is a considerable difference in duration between cannabis that is inhaled and cannabis that is ingested. When inhaled, duration is typically 90 minutes. When ingested, duration is approximately six hours.<br />
<br />
In general, guidance from experienced and authentic new energy guides is recommended, especially when attempting connection with more intense substances.<br />
<br />
To achieve successful, grounded, aligned, non-paranoid, fear-less connection, it is important to establish [[Aligned Thought]], [[Aligned Environment]], and [[Aligned Action]]. [[Lightning Path]] materials, and in particular the [[Triumph of Spirit Archetype System]], are designed to help facilitate alignment. To get started on the Lightning Path, visit https://www.lightningpath.org/.<br />
<br />
[[Set and Setting]], another way of looking at Aligned Thought and Aligned Environment, is important. Connection supplements do not invariably lead to [[Connection Experiences]] As Huston notes, "given the right set and setting, the drugs can induce religious experiences that are indistinguishable from such experiences that occurs spontaneously.<ref>Huston, Smith. Cleansing the Doors of Perception. Boulder, CO: Sentient Publications, 2000. p. 20. https://amzn.to/2tZmoPw</ref> <br />
<br />
Neurology is not well understood at this time, but it appears that connection is facilitated via suppression of the [[Default Mode Network]] (Sosteric, SOA) and activation of unused neural pathways.<br />
<br />
In regards to cannabis, [https://www.wired.com/story/scientists-map-the-receptor-that-makes-weed-work/ the cannabinoid receptors (CB1) are located throughout the body, in the brain, liver, lungs fat cells, uterus, and sperm!]. When either endogenous or exogenous cannabinoids are present, these bind to the receptors and trigger a "cornucopia" of chemical signals. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabinoid_receptor See also this]. Cannabis is thus likely involved in more than just the facilitation of connection.<br />
<br />
==Additional Reading==<br />
<br />
* [https://reset.me Rest Me] - An excellent site on the healing and connecting properties of various connection supplements. <br />
<br />
{{courses}}<br />
<br />
{{lp150}}<br />
<br />
{{template:endstuff}}<br />
<br />
[[category:terms]]<br />
[[category:lightningpath]]<br />
<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Awakening| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Alignment| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Atonement| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Activation| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Ascension| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Accountability| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection Practice| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection Visualization| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection Affirmation| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Shaman| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Chakras| ]]<br />
[[Is an element of::Connection Practice| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection Axes| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=LSD&diff=24845LSD2023-01-01T18:45:54Z<p>Tristan: /* Notes */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{navmenu}}<br />
<h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1><br />
<blockquote class="definition"><br />
'''LSD''' is long duration, high power [[Connection Supplement]].<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related LP Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
==Notes==<br />
Statistics show overall LSD and psychedelic use has increased from the years 2002-2019. <ref>Ofir Livne et al., “Adolescent and Adult Time Trends in US Hallucinogen Use, 2002–19: Any Use, and Use of Ecstasy, LSD and PCP.,” ''Addiction'' 117, no. 12 (December 2022): 3099–3109.</ref><br />
<br />
Low doses of LSD (13ug-26ug) have the same positive emotional and cognitive impacts as base-standard doses of LSD (75ug). Study shows EEG effects are similar with both ranges of doses. <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref><br />
<br />
Glazer et al. attributed to low doses of LSD and their positive effects on the reward processing centers of the brain. Suggests that low doses of LSD may be important for treating depression. "The current study examined the effects of single, low doses of LSD (13 and 26 μg) versus placebo (LSD-0) on neural activity during reward processing in healthy adults. Compared to LSD-0, LSD-13 enhanced the hedonic and affective impact of reward (vs. neutral) feedback, reflected by increased RewP and LPP amplitudes, while both LSD-13 and LSD-26 increased the motivational salience of positive (vs. negative) feedback, reflected by increased FB-P3 amplitudes. Of note, these doses produce subjective effects that are comparable to low doses of amphetamine [50], including increases in energy, positive mood, elation, anxiety, and intellectual efficiency [12]. The ERP amplitudes in the current study were unrelated to most of these subjective effects (see Supplementary Materials). These results suggest single, low doses of LSD broadly increased neural sensitivity to reward feedback, particularly at doses that produce few perceptible subjective effects. If these findings extend to repeated doses in symptomatic participants, they may have important implications for the treatment of depressive disorders." <ref>James Glazer et al., “Low Doses of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) Increase Reward-Related Brain Activity,” ''Neuropsychopharmacology'' 48, no. 2 (January 1, 2023): 418–26, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-022-01479-y</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
"It has been proposed that classical psychedelics produce therapeutic effects by altering spontaneous cortical activity, inducing neural entropy that counters maladaptive neuroplasticity and associated mental rigidity" <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref> This action noted and discuss by Carhart-Harris and Friston. <ref>R. L. Carhart-Harris and K. J. Friston, “REBUS and the Anarchic Brain: Toward a Unified Model of the Brain Action of Psychedelics,” ed. Eric L. Barker, ''Pharmacological Reviews'' 71, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 316, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.118.017160</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
==Enhancements==<br />
<br />
'''Affective'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
'''Creative'''<br />
<br />
'''Empathic'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
LSD has nootropic properties.<ref>Dolan, Eric W. “Neuroscience Research Suggests LSD Might Enhance Learning and Memory by Promoting Brain Plasticity.” PsyPost, August 11, 2022. <nowiki>https://www.psypost.org/2022/08/neuroscience-research-suggests-lsd-might-enhance-learning-and-memory-by-promoting-brain-plasticity-63701</nowiki>.</ref> LSD " LSD increased markers of neuroplasticity in human brain organoids, increased novelty preference in rats, and improved memory performance in humans." For the scholarly article behind the news articles, [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001448862200173X see this link].<ref>Ornelas, Isis M., Felipe A. Cini, Isabel Wießner, Encarni Marcos, Dráulio B. Araújo, Livia Goto-Silva, Juliana Nascimento, et al. “Nootropic Effects of LSD: Behavioral, Molecular and Computational Evidence.” ''Experimental Neurology'' 356 (October 1, 2022): 114148. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114148</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
LSD makes the mouse more social.<ref>Inserra, Antonio, Giada Giorgini, Sebastien Lacroix, Antonella Bertazzo, Jocelyn Choo, Athanasios Markopolous, Emily Grant, et al. “Effects of Repeated Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) on the Mouse Brain Endocannabinoidome and Gut Microbiome.” ''British Journal of Pharmacology'', October 31, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15977</ref><br />
<br />
LSD is a "chemical able to produce profound changes of consciousness...and...far reaching insights into one's own self and...one's relationship to others. Some takers of it have even felt that they had won an insight into the 'nature of the Universe and the purpose of Life.'...These insights can be remembered and, if the person wishes, can be incorporated into his or her everyday life to bring it a "better order."<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9</ref><br />
<br />
LSD increases awareness and intensifies perception, enhances creativity, reduces fear (of death for e.g.), distorts time, and is "eudaemonic,"<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9.</ref> but not always. "As I’d discovered to my regret, if you take mushrooms or acid when you feel low, they do not enhance your mood, but instead exacerbate your anxiety and distress."<ref>Szalavitz, Maia. Unbroken Brain: A Revolutionary New Way of Understanding Addiction (pp. 106-107). St. Martin's Press. Kindle Edition.</ref><br />
<br />
When LSD was first discovered, it was quickly recognized as having both healing and spiritual import. Morgar<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 147–66.</ref> notes, "the major application of LSD today is to ''treat'' mental illness...", something which it proved particularly adept at doing. Pahnke echoes this sentiment noting that "in the 1940's ... interest in psychedelic drugs as an experimental psychiatric tool became widespread." <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969. p. 158.</ref><br />
<br />
A growing body of research indicates the healing potential of LSD and other [[Connection Supplements]]<ref>Rootman, Joseph M., Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Vince Polito, Francoise Bourzat, and Zach Walsh. “Adults Who Microdose Psychedelics Report Health Related Motivations and Lower Levels of Anxiety and Depression Compared to Non-Microdosers.” Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (November 18, 2021): 22479. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4.</ref><br />
<br />
Treatment of mental illness is facilitated by increased neuritogenesis, spinogenesis, and synaptogenesis.<ref>Ly, Calvin, Alexandra C. Greb, Lindsay P. Cameron, Jonathan M. Wong, Eden V. Barragan, Paige C. Wilson, Kyle F. Burbach, et al. “Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity.” Cell Reports 23, no. 11 (June 12, 2018): 3170–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.022</ref><br />
<br />
Morgar notes, LSD can be used in two modalities. "One emphasizes the use of LSD periodically and in small doses as an adjunct to traditional techniques of psychotherapy (Crockett, et al., 1963). The other major approach employs LSD in a single, large dose, producing an intense and prolonged psychedelic experience. Applied in this manner, LSD serves as a catalyst for inducing rapid and profound changes in the subject's value-belief system and in his self-image...."<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156.</ref> The latter technique "places greater emphasis on its more unique potentialities and value, namely, as a means of facilitating personal growth and self-actualization. Rather than freedom from emotional symptoms, the primary objective of the psychedelic experience becomes a major reorganization of one's beliefs and life outlook. In short, the first method is essentially illness-oriented, the second, health or growth oriented." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156-7.</ref> He continues "When employed as an adjunct to psychotherapy, most investigators have associated the beneficial effects of LSD with reduced defensiveness, the reliving of early childhood experiences, increased access to unconscious material, and greater emotional expression. In contrast, when used as a primary vehicle for rapid personality change, emphasis is usually placed on the transcendental quality of the experience, the resynthesis of basic values and beliefs, and major changes in the relationship between self and environment." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 157.</ref> In other words, as a [[Connection Supplement]], LSD can be used to [[Heal]] and [[Connection]]<br />
<br />
==Klee==<br />
<br />
Klee<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 461–74.</ref> notes that LSD operates by breaking down ego barriers (by suppressing the [[Bodily Ego]]). This operates at two levels. One is to reduce the individual's ability to filter stimuli, and the other is to reduce the ability of the [[Bodily Ego]] to mobilize defence mechanisms. <br />
<br />
On inability to filter stimulu: "There is some reason to suspect that integrative mechanisms within the central nervous system (CNS) which handle inflowing stimuli are no longer able to limit the spread of excitation in the usual ways."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 465.</ref> Note in this context the phenomenon of [[Flooding]], which is a [[Connection Outcome]]. Klee actually uses the term flooding to describe the stimulus overload that can occur. Klee notes several dimension of cognitive impairment, particularly at high doses. <br />
<br />
On the impact of LSD on the Bodily Ego and bodily ego defense mechanism "It is generally remarked that LSD dissolves the repressive barriers, or that defense mechanisms are generally impaired. These statements, in my opinion, are not entirely accurate. It is true that the subject's ability to repress is likely to be impaired. But as these barriers are lowered, and charged material threatens to enter awareness, an increased mobilization of repressive efforts often occurs in waves, operating massively and crudely to block out not only the threatening material but much associated material as well. As repression fails further, various other more regressive mechanisms are brought into play, such as denial and projection. Only occasionally will defense mechanisms fail almost entirely in certain subjects and a panic state ensue. More often, new defenses are brought into play, and the subject reaches relative equilibrium at a more regressed level. Certain mechanisms, especially repression and reaction formation, appear to be most vulnerable to LSD. Other, presumably more primitive defenses, such as regression denial, introjection, and projection, may function very effectively. For example, some predisposed subjects are capable of developing highly systematized paranoid delusions under the effects of marked LSD intoxication. In each case, subjects tend to fall back on those defenses which are most available to them, based upon their personality structures."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 470-1.</ref><br />
<br />
The loss of "stimulus barries" and the negation of defense mechanisms may lead to [[Zenith Experience]]s, but they may also cause difficulty, particularly in cases where the [[Bodily Ego]] is damaged by [[Toxic Socialization]]. "The consequences to the subject of the apparent loss of stimulus barriers is in some respects analogous to the situation in a traumatic neurosis. Only in this case it needs a much milder stimulus to produce traumatic effects. Thus, a slightly threatening situation, such as mild reprobation, scorn, or unfriendliness from another person, may loom large and ominous to the subject. Strong affective reactions may occur with what appears to be only the slightest provocation."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 467.</ref> When interacting with an individual with severe damage, caution should be exercised. "On some occasions during our studies we have seen subjects who found it difficult or impossible to control their behavior. These were usually persons who were rather aggressive and impulsive to begin with, but it sometimes occurs in other types. In the experimental setting, of course, these subjects were usually friendly and cooperative initially, but after taking LSD they found themselves overwhelmed with impulses, often of an assaultive nature. These feelings sometimes appeared to arise spontaneously or were provoked by a relatively slight incident, such as a painful venipuncture or a witticism directed at them by another subject. A subject at such times<br />
could barely resist putting his impulses into action. He would pace about, clench his fists, and grind his teeth to maintain control. Sometimes full-blown panic would ensue in the face of homicidal impulses which the subject felt he might be unable to control. One subject developed what appeared to be an hysterical paralysis of his limbs, apparently as a last-ditch control against assaultive behavior."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 471.</ref><br />
<br />
== Anecdotes ==<br />
<br />
Eating Disorder<br />
<br />
https://www.reddit.com/r/RationalPsychonaut/comments/vs6v1o/i_cured_my_disordered_eating_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
Awakening to reality <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/sxp477/this_society_is_poison/ <br />
<br />
Weight Loss <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/r9bbcd/update_post_last_march_lsd_inspired_me_to_start_a/<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rm5jdl/update_few_months_later_after_bad_trip/<br />
<br />
Improves cognitive functions (7-8 ug). https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rbrxvu/coding_its_so_fun_on_a_microdose/<br />
<br />
Curing addiction<br />
<br />
* to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rvp2f2/ive_been_alcohol_free_for_100_days_after_taking/<br />
*to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/Psychonaut/comments/wuua1b/i_think_lsd_may_have_killed_my_desire_to_drink/<br />
Mental Health<br />
<br />
* Used to facilitate mental healing and mental health https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/s7siio/self_medicating_my_mental_illnesses_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
[[Transformation''<br />
<br />
[[Grof, Stanislav|Stanislav Grof]] got started on his transpersonal path with a profound LSD experience he had while volunteering as a subject in LSD trials. <ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref> In this experience he confronted his unconscious psyche, downloaded a shit ton of information, and finally experienced an expansion of consciousness to cosmic levels.<ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== Additional Reading ==<br />
<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysergic_acid_diethylamide#Spiritual Wikipedia entry LSD] <br />
* [https://www.trippingly.net/lsd/lsd-trip-length-duration-and-intensity LSD Trip Length / Duration and Intensity - Guidance]<br />
* [https://www.verywellmind.com/what-does-it-feel-like-to-get-high-on-acid-21886 Understanding the Acid Trip Experience]<br />
<br />
{{template:endstuff}}<br />
<br />
[[category:terms]]<br />
[[Is a::Connection Supplement| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=LSD&diff=24831LSD2022-12-30T18:18:19Z<p>Tristan: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{navmenu}}<br />
<h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1><br />
<blockquote class="definition"><br />
'''LSD''' is long duration, high power [[Connection Supplement]].<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related LP Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
==Notes==<br />
Statistics show overall LSD and psychedelic use has increased from the years 2002-2019. <ref>Ofir Livne et al., “Adolescent and Adult Time Trends in US Hallucinogen Use, 2002–19: Any Use, and Use of Ecstasy, LSD and PCP.,” ''Addiction'' 117, no. 12 (December 2022): 3099–3109.</ref><br />
<br />
Low doses of LSD (13ug-26ug) have the same positive emotional and cognitive impacts as base-standard doses of LSD (75ug). Study shows EEG effects are similar with both ranges of doses. <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref><br />
<br />
"It has been proposed that classical psychedelics produce therapeutic effects by altering spontaneous cortical activity, inducing neural entropy that counters maladaptive neuroplasticity and associated mental rigidity" <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref> This action noted and discuss by Carhart-Harris and Friston. <ref>R. L. Carhart-Harris and K. J. Friston, “REBUS and the Anarchic Brain: Toward a Unified Model of the Brain Action of Psychedelics,” ed. Eric L. Barker, ''Pharmacological Reviews'' 71, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 316, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.118.017160</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
==Enhancements==<br />
<br />
'''Affective'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
'''Creative'''<br />
<br />
'''Empathic'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
LSD has nootropic properties.<ref>Dolan, Eric W. “Neuroscience Research Suggests LSD Might Enhance Learning and Memory by Promoting Brain Plasticity.” PsyPost, August 11, 2022. <nowiki>https://www.psypost.org/2022/08/neuroscience-research-suggests-lsd-might-enhance-learning-and-memory-by-promoting-brain-plasticity-63701</nowiki>.</ref> LSD " LSD increased markers of neuroplasticity in human brain organoids, increased novelty preference in rats, and improved memory performance in humans." For the scholarly article behind the news articles, [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001448862200173X see this link].<ref>Ornelas, Isis M., Felipe A. Cini, Isabel Wießner, Encarni Marcos, Dráulio B. Araújo, Livia Goto-Silva, Juliana Nascimento, et al. “Nootropic Effects of LSD: Behavioral, Molecular and Computational Evidence.” ''Experimental Neurology'' 356 (October 1, 2022): 114148. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114148</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
LSD makes the mouse more social.<ref>Inserra, Antonio, Giada Giorgini, Sebastien Lacroix, Antonella Bertazzo, Jocelyn Choo, Athanasios Markopolous, Emily Grant, et al. “Effects of Repeated Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) on the Mouse Brain Endocannabinoidome and Gut Microbiome.” ''British Journal of Pharmacology'', October 31, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15977</ref><br />
<br />
LSD is a "chemical able to produce profound changes of consciousness...and...far reaching insights into one's own self and...one's relationship to others. Some takers of it have even felt that they had won an insight into the 'nature of the Universe and the purpose of Life.'...These insights can be remembered and, if the person wishes, can be incorporated into his or her everyday life to bring it a "better order."<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9</ref><br />
<br />
LSD increases awareness and intensifies perception, enhances creativity, reduces fear (of death for e.g.), distorts time, and is "eudaemonic,"<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9.</ref> but not always. "As I’d discovered to my regret, if you take mushrooms or acid when you feel low, they do not enhance your mood, but instead exacerbate your anxiety and distress."<ref>Szalavitz, Maia. Unbroken Brain: A Revolutionary New Way of Understanding Addiction (pp. 106-107). St. Martin's Press. Kindle Edition.</ref><br />
<br />
When LSD was first discovered, it was quickly recognized as having both healing and spiritual import. Morgar<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 147–66.</ref> notes, "the major application of LSD today is to ''treat'' mental illness...", something which it proved particularly adept at doing. Pahnke echoes this sentiment noting that "in the 1940's ... interest in psychedelic drugs as an experimental psychiatric tool became widespread." <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969. p. 158.</ref><br />
<br />
A growing body of research indicates the healing potential of LSD and other [[Connection Supplements]]<ref>Rootman, Joseph M., Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Vince Polito, Francoise Bourzat, and Zach Walsh. “Adults Who Microdose Psychedelics Report Health Related Motivations and Lower Levels of Anxiety and Depression Compared to Non-Microdosers.” Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (November 18, 2021): 22479. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4.</ref><br />
<br />
Treatment of mental illness is facilitated by increased neuritogenesis, spinogenesis, and synaptogenesis.<ref>Ly, Calvin, Alexandra C. Greb, Lindsay P. Cameron, Jonathan M. Wong, Eden V. Barragan, Paige C. Wilson, Kyle F. Burbach, et al. “Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity.” Cell Reports 23, no. 11 (June 12, 2018): 3170–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.022</ref><br />
<br />
Morgar notes, LSD can be used in two modalities. "One emphasizes the use of LSD periodically and in small doses as an adjunct to traditional techniques of psychotherapy (Crockett, et al., 1963). The other major approach employs LSD in a single, large dose, producing an intense and prolonged psychedelic experience. Applied in this manner, LSD serves as a catalyst for inducing rapid and profound changes in the subject's value-belief system and in his self-image...."<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156.</ref> The latter technique "places greater emphasis on its more unique potentialities and value, namely, as a means of facilitating personal growth and self-actualization. Rather than freedom from emotional symptoms, the primary objective of the psychedelic experience becomes a major reorganization of one's beliefs and life outlook. In short, the first method is essentially illness-oriented, the second, health or growth oriented." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156-7.</ref> He continues "When employed as an adjunct to psychotherapy, most investigators have associated the beneficial effects of LSD with reduced defensiveness, the reliving of early childhood experiences, increased access to unconscious material, and greater emotional expression. In contrast, when used as a primary vehicle for rapid personality change, emphasis is usually placed on the transcendental quality of the experience, the resynthesis of basic values and beliefs, and major changes in the relationship between self and environment." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 157.</ref> In other words, as a [[Connection Supplement]], LSD can be used to [[Heal]] and [[Connection]]<br />
<br />
==Klee==<br />
<br />
Klee<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 461–74.</ref> notes that LSD operates by breaking down ego barriers (by suppressing the [[Bodily Ego]]). This operates at two levels. One is to reduce the individual's ability to filter stimuli, and the other is to reduce the ability of the [[Bodily Ego]] to mobilize defence mechanisms. <br />
<br />
On inability to filter stimulu: "There is some reason to suspect that integrative mechanisms within the central nervous system (CNS) which handle inflowing stimuli are no longer able to limit the spread of excitation in the usual ways."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 465.</ref> Note in this context the phenomenon of [[Flooding]], which is a [[Connection Outcome]]. Klee actually uses the term flooding to describe the stimulus overload that can occur. Klee notes several dimension of cognitive impairment, particularly at high doses. <br />
<br />
On the impact of LSD on the Bodily Ego and bodily ego defense mechanism "It is generally remarked that LSD dissolves the repressive barriers, or that defense mechanisms are generally impaired. These statements, in my opinion, are not entirely accurate. It is true that the subject's ability to repress is likely to be impaired. But as these barriers are lowered, and charged material threatens to enter awareness, an increased mobilization of repressive efforts often occurs in waves, operating massively and crudely to block out not only the threatening material but much associated material as well. As repression fails further, various other more regressive mechanisms are brought into play, such as denial and projection. Only occasionally will defense mechanisms fail almost entirely in certain subjects and a panic state ensue. More often, new defenses are brought into play, and the subject reaches relative equilibrium at a more regressed level. Certain mechanisms, especially repression and reaction formation, appear to be most vulnerable to LSD. Other, presumably more primitive defenses, such as regression denial, introjection, and projection, may function very effectively. For example, some predisposed subjects are capable of developing highly systematized paranoid delusions under the effects of marked LSD intoxication. In each case, subjects tend to fall back on those defenses which are most available to them, based upon their personality structures."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 470-1.</ref><br />
<br />
The loss of "stimulus barries" and the negation of defense mechanisms may lead to [[Zenith Experience]]s, but they may also cause difficulty, particularly in cases where the [[Bodily Ego]] is damaged by [[Toxic Socialization]]. "The consequences to the subject of the apparent loss of stimulus barriers is in some respects analogous to the situation in a traumatic neurosis. Only in this case it needs a much milder stimulus to produce traumatic effects. Thus, a slightly threatening situation, such as mild reprobation, scorn, or unfriendliness from another person, may loom large and ominous to the subject. Strong affective reactions may occur with what appears to be only the slightest provocation."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 467.</ref> When interacting with an individual with severe damage, caution should be exercised. "On some occasions during our studies we have seen subjects who found it difficult or impossible to control their behavior. These were usually persons who were rather aggressive and impulsive to begin with, but it sometimes occurs in other types. In the experimental setting, of course, these subjects were usually friendly and cooperative initially, but after taking LSD they found themselves overwhelmed with impulses, often of an assaultive nature. These feelings sometimes appeared to arise spontaneously or were provoked by a relatively slight incident, such as a painful venipuncture or a witticism directed at them by another subject. A subject at such times<br />
could barely resist putting his impulses into action. He would pace about, clench his fists, and grind his teeth to maintain control. Sometimes full-blown panic would ensue in the face of homicidal impulses which the subject felt he might be unable to control. One subject developed what appeared to be an hysterical paralysis of his limbs, apparently as a last-ditch control against assaultive behavior."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 471.</ref><br />
<br />
== Anecdotes ==<br />
<br />
Eating Disorder<br />
<br />
https://www.reddit.com/r/RationalPsychonaut/comments/vs6v1o/i_cured_my_disordered_eating_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
Awakening to reality <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/sxp477/this_society_is_poison/ <br />
<br />
Weight Loss <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/r9bbcd/update_post_last_march_lsd_inspired_me_to_start_a/<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rm5jdl/update_few_months_later_after_bad_trip/<br />
<br />
Improves cognitive functions (7-8 ug). https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rbrxvu/coding_its_so_fun_on_a_microdose/<br />
<br />
Curing addiction<br />
<br />
* to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rvp2f2/ive_been_alcohol_free_for_100_days_after_taking/<br />
*to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/Psychonaut/comments/wuua1b/i_think_lsd_may_have_killed_my_desire_to_drink/<br />
Mental Health<br />
<br />
* Used to facilitate mental healing and mental health https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/s7siio/self_medicating_my_mental_illnesses_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
[[Transformation''<br />
<br />
[[Grof, Stanislav|Stanislav Grof]] got started on his transpersonal path with a profound LSD experience he had while volunteering as a subject in LSD trials. <ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref> In this experience he confronted his unconscious psyche, downloaded a shit ton of information, and finally experienced an expansion of consciousness to cosmic levels.<ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== Additional Reading ==<br />
<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysergic_acid_diethylamide#Spiritual Wikipedia entry LSD] <br />
* [https://www.trippingly.net/lsd/lsd-trip-length-duration-and-intensity LSD Trip Length / Duration and Intensity - Guidance]<br />
* [https://www.verywellmind.com/what-does-it-feel-like-to-get-high-on-acid-21886 Understanding the Acid Trip Experience]<br />
<br />
{{template:endstuff}}<br />
<br />
[[category:terms]]<br />
[[Is a::Connection Supplement| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=LSD&diff=24830LSD2022-12-30T18:14:20Z<p>Tristan: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{navmenu}}<br />
<h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1><br />
<blockquote class="definition"><br />
'''LSD''' is long duration, high power [[Connection Supplement]].<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related LP Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
==Notes==<br />
Statistics show overall LSD and psychedelic use has increased from the years 2002-2019. <ref>Ofir Livne et al., “Adolescent and Adult Time Trends in US Hallucinogen Use, 2002–19: Any Use, and Use of Ecstasy, LSD and PCP.,” ''Addiction'' 117, no. 12 (December 2022): 3099–3109.</ref><br />
<br />
Low doses of LSD (13ug-26ug) have the same positive emotional and cognitive impacts as base-standard doses of LSD (75ug). Study shows EEG effects are similar with both ranges of doses. <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref><br />
<br />
"It has been proposed that classical psychedelics produce therapeutic effects by altering spontaneous cortical activity, inducing neural entropy that counters maladaptive neuroplasticity and associated mental rigidity" <ref>Conor H. Murray et al., “Low Doses of LSD Reduce Broadband Oscillatory Power and Modulate Event-Related Potentials in Healthy Adults.,” ''Psychopharmacology'' 239, no. 6 (June 2022): 1735–47.</ref><br />
<br />
==Enhancements==<br />
<br />
'''Affective'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
'''Creative'''<br />
<br />
'''Empathic'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
LSD has nootropic properties.<ref>Dolan, Eric W. “Neuroscience Research Suggests LSD Might Enhance Learning and Memory by Promoting Brain Plasticity.” PsyPost, August 11, 2022. <nowiki>https://www.psypost.org/2022/08/neuroscience-research-suggests-lsd-might-enhance-learning-and-memory-by-promoting-brain-plasticity-63701</nowiki>.</ref> LSD " LSD increased markers of neuroplasticity in human brain organoids, increased novelty preference in rats, and improved memory performance in humans." For the scholarly article behind the news articles, [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001448862200173X see this link].<ref>Ornelas, Isis M., Felipe A. Cini, Isabel Wießner, Encarni Marcos, Dráulio B. Araújo, Livia Goto-Silva, Juliana Nascimento, et al. “Nootropic Effects of LSD: Behavioral, Molecular and Computational Evidence.” ''Experimental Neurology'' 356 (October 1, 2022): 114148. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114148</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
LSD makes the mouse more social.<ref>Inserra, Antonio, Giada Giorgini, Sebastien Lacroix, Antonella Bertazzo, Jocelyn Choo, Athanasios Markopolous, Emily Grant, et al. “Effects of Repeated Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) on the Mouse Brain Endocannabinoidome and Gut Microbiome.” ''British Journal of Pharmacology'', October 31, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15977</ref><br />
<br />
LSD is a "chemical able to produce profound changes of consciousness...and...far reaching insights into one's own self and...one's relationship to others. Some takers of it have even felt that they had won an insight into the 'nature of the Universe and the purpose of Life.'...These insights can be remembered and, if the person wishes, can be incorporated into his or her everyday life to bring it a "better order."<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9</ref><br />
<br />
LSD increases awareness and intensifies perception, enhances creativity, reduces fear (of death for e.g.), distorts time, and is "eudaemonic,"<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9.</ref> but not always. "As I’d discovered to my regret, if you take mushrooms or acid when you feel low, they do not enhance your mood, but instead exacerbate your anxiety and distress."<ref>Szalavitz, Maia. Unbroken Brain: A Revolutionary New Way of Understanding Addiction (pp. 106-107). St. Martin's Press. Kindle Edition.</ref><br />
<br />
When LSD was first discovered, it was quickly recognized as having both healing and spiritual import. Morgar<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 147–66.</ref> notes, "the major application of LSD today is to ''treat'' mental illness...", something which it proved particularly adept at doing. Pahnke echoes this sentiment noting that "in the 1940's ... interest in psychedelic drugs as an experimental psychiatric tool became widespread." <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969. p. 158.</ref><br />
<br />
A growing body of research indicates the healing potential of LSD and other [[Connection Supplements]]<ref>Rootman, Joseph M., Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Vince Polito, Francoise Bourzat, and Zach Walsh. “Adults Who Microdose Psychedelics Report Health Related Motivations and Lower Levels of Anxiety and Depression Compared to Non-Microdosers.” Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (November 18, 2021): 22479. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4.</ref><br />
<br />
Treatment of mental illness is facilitated by increased neuritogenesis, spinogenesis, and synaptogenesis.<ref>Ly, Calvin, Alexandra C. Greb, Lindsay P. Cameron, Jonathan M. Wong, Eden V. Barragan, Paige C. Wilson, Kyle F. Burbach, et al. “Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity.” Cell Reports 23, no. 11 (June 12, 2018): 3170–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.022</ref><br />
<br />
Morgar notes, LSD can be used in two modalities. "One emphasizes the use of LSD periodically and in small doses as an adjunct to traditional techniques of psychotherapy (Crockett, et al., 1963). The other major approach employs LSD in a single, large dose, producing an intense and prolonged psychedelic experience. Applied in this manner, LSD serves as a catalyst for inducing rapid and profound changes in the subject's value-belief system and in his self-image...."<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156.</ref> The latter technique "places greater emphasis on its more unique potentialities and value, namely, as a means of facilitating personal growth and self-actualization. Rather than freedom from emotional symptoms, the primary objective of the psychedelic experience becomes a major reorganization of one's beliefs and life outlook. In short, the first method is essentially illness-oriented, the second, health or growth oriented." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156-7.</ref> He continues "When employed as an adjunct to psychotherapy, most investigators have associated the beneficial effects of LSD with reduced defensiveness, the reliving of early childhood experiences, increased access to unconscious material, and greater emotional expression. In contrast, when used as a primary vehicle for rapid personality change, emphasis is usually placed on the transcendental quality of the experience, the resynthesis of basic values and beliefs, and major changes in the relationship between self and environment." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 157.</ref> In other words, as a [[Connection Supplement]], LSD can be used to [[Heal]] and [[Connection]]<br />
<br />
==Klee==<br />
<br />
Klee<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 461–74.</ref> notes that LSD operates by breaking down ego barriers (by suppressing the [[Bodily Ego]]). This operates at two levels. One is to reduce the individual's ability to filter stimuli, and the other is to reduce the ability of the [[Bodily Ego]] to mobilize defence mechanisms. <br />
<br />
On inability to filter stimulu: "There is some reason to suspect that integrative mechanisms within the central nervous system (CNS) which handle inflowing stimuli are no longer able to limit the spread of excitation in the usual ways."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 465.</ref> Note in this context the phenomenon of [[Flooding]], which is a [[Connection Outcome]]. Klee actually uses the term flooding to describe the stimulus overload that can occur. Klee notes several dimension of cognitive impairment, particularly at high doses. <br />
<br />
On the impact of LSD on the Bodily Ego and bodily ego defense mechanism "It is generally remarked that LSD dissolves the repressive barriers, or that defense mechanisms are generally impaired. These statements, in my opinion, are not entirely accurate. It is true that the subject's ability to repress is likely to be impaired. But as these barriers are lowered, and charged material threatens to enter awareness, an increased mobilization of repressive efforts often occurs in waves, operating massively and crudely to block out not only the threatening material but much associated material as well. As repression fails further, various other more regressive mechanisms are brought into play, such as denial and projection. Only occasionally will defense mechanisms fail almost entirely in certain subjects and a panic state ensue. More often, new defenses are brought into play, and the subject reaches relative equilibrium at a more regressed level. Certain mechanisms, especially repression and reaction formation, appear to be most vulnerable to LSD. Other, presumably more primitive defenses, such as regression denial, introjection, and projection, may function very effectively. For example, some predisposed subjects are capable of developing highly systematized paranoid delusions under the effects of marked LSD intoxication. In each case, subjects tend to fall back on those defenses which are most available to them, based upon their personality structures."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 470-1.</ref><br />
<br />
The loss of "stimulus barries" and the negation of defense mechanisms may lead to [[Zenith Experience]]s, but they may also cause difficulty, particularly in cases where the [[Bodily Ego]] is damaged by [[Toxic Socialization]]. "The consequences to the subject of the apparent loss of stimulus barriers is in some respects analogous to the situation in a traumatic neurosis. Only in this case it needs a much milder stimulus to produce traumatic effects. Thus, a slightly threatening situation, such as mild reprobation, scorn, or unfriendliness from another person, may loom large and ominous to the subject. Strong affective reactions may occur with what appears to be only the slightest provocation."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 467.</ref> When interacting with an individual with severe damage, caution should be exercised. "On some occasions during our studies we have seen subjects who found it difficult or impossible to control their behavior. These were usually persons who were rather aggressive and impulsive to begin with, but it sometimes occurs in other types. In the experimental setting, of course, these subjects were usually friendly and cooperative initially, but after taking LSD they found themselves overwhelmed with impulses, often of an assaultive nature. These feelings sometimes appeared to arise spontaneously or were provoked by a relatively slight incident, such as a painful venipuncture or a witticism directed at them by another subject. A subject at such times<br />
could barely resist putting his impulses into action. He would pace about, clench his fists, and grind his teeth to maintain control. Sometimes full-blown panic would ensue in the face of homicidal impulses which the subject felt he might be unable to control. One subject developed what appeared to be an hysterical paralysis of his limbs, apparently as a last-ditch control against assaultive behavior."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 471.</ref><br />
<br />
== Anecdotes ==<br />
<br />
Eating Disorder<br />
<br />
https://www.reddit.com/r/RationalPsychonaut/comments/vs6v1o/i_cured_my_disordered_eating_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
Awakening to reality <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/sxp477/this_society_is_poison/ <br />
<br />
Weight Loss <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/r9bbcd/update_post_last_march_lsd_inspired_me_to_start_a/<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rm5jdl/update_few_months_later_after_bad_trip/<br />
<br />
Improves cognitive functions (7-8 ug). https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rbrxvu/coding_its_so_fun_on_a_microdose/<br />
<br />
Curing addiction<br />
<br />
* to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rvp2f2/ive_been_alcohol_free_for_100_days_after_taking/<br />
*to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/Psychonaut/comments/wuua1b/i_think_lsd_may_have_killed_my_desire_to_drink/<br />
Mental Health<br />
<br />
* Used to facilitate mental healing and mental health https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/s7siio/self_medicating_my_mental_illnesses_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
[[Transformation''<br />
<br />
[[Grof, Stanislav|Stanislav Grof]] got started on his transpersonal path with a profound LSD experience he had while volunteering as a subject in LSD trials. <ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref> In this experience he confronted his unconscious psyche, downloaded a shit ton of information, and finally experienced an expansion of consciousness to cosmic levels.<ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== Additional Reading ==<br />
<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysergic_acid_diethylamide#Spiritual Wikipedia entry LSD] <br />
* [https://www.trippingly.net/lsd/lsd-trip-length-duration-and-intensity LSD Trip Length / Duration and Intensity - Guidance]<br />
* [https://www.verywellmind.com/what-does-it-feel-like-to-get-high-on-acid-21886 Understanding the Acid Trip Experience]<br />
<br />
{{template:endstuff}}<br />
<br />
[[category:terms]]<br />
[[Is a::Connection Supplement| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=LSD&diff=24829LSD2022-12-30T18:00:04Z<p>Tristan: /* Notes */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{navmenu}}<br />
<h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1><br />
<blockquote class="definition"><br />
'''LSD''' is long duration, high power [[Connection Supplement]].<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related LP Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
==Notes==<br />
Statistics show overall LSD and psychedelic use has increased from the years 2002-2019. <ref>Ofir Livne et al., “Adolescent and Adult Time Trends in US Hallucinogen Use, 2002–19: Any Use, and Use of Ecstasy, LSD and PCP.,” ''Addiction'' 117, no. 12 (December 2022): 3099–3109.</ref><br />
<br />
==Enhancements==<br />
<br />
'''Affective'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
'''Creative'''<br />
<br />
'''Empathic'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
LSD has nootropic properties.<ref>Dolan, Eric W. “Neuroscience Research Suggests LSD Might Enhance Learning and Memory by Promoting Brain Plasticity.” PsyPost, August 11, 2022. <nowiki>https://www.psypost.org/2022/08/neuroscience-research-suggests-lsd-might-enhance-learning-and-memory-by-promoting-brain-plasticity-63701</nowiki>.</ref> LSD " LSD increased markers of neuroplasticity in human brain organoids, increased novelty preference in rats, and improved memory performance in humans." For the scholarly article behind the news articles, [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001448862200173X see this link].<ref>Ornelas, Isis M., Felipe A. Cini, Isabel Wießner, Encarni Marcos, Dráulio B. Araújo, Livia Goto-Silva, Juliana Nascimento, et al. “Nootropic Effects of LSD: Behavioral, Molecular and Computational Evidence.” ''Experimental Neurology'' 356 (October 1, 2022): 114148. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114148</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
LSD makes the mouse more social.<ref>Inserra, Antonio, Giada Giorgini, Sebastien Lacroix, Antonella Bertazzo, Jocelyn Choo, Athanasios Markopolous, Emily Grant, et al. “Effects of Repeated Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) on the Mouse Brain Endocannabinoidome and Gut Microbiome.” ''British Journal of Pharmacology'', October 31, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15977</ref><br />
<br />
LSD is a "chemical able to produce profound changes of consciousness...and...far reaching insights into one's own self and...one's relationship to others. Some takers of it have even felt that they had won an insight into the 'nature of the Universe and the purpose of Life.'...These insights can be remembered and, if the person wishes, can be incorporated into his or her everyday life to bring it a "better order."<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9</ref><br />
<br />
LSD increases awareness and intensifies perception, enhances creativity, reduces fear (of death for e.g.), distorts time, and is "eudaemonic,"<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9.</ref> but not always. "As I’d discovered to my regret, if you take mushrooms or acid when you feel low, they do not enhance your mood, but instead exacerbate your anxiety and distress."<ref>Szalavitz, Maia. Unbroken Brain: A Revolutionary New Way of Understanding Addiction (pp. 106-107). St. Martin's Press. Kindle Edition.</ref><br />
<br />
When LSD was first discovered, it was quickly recognized as having both healing and spiritual import. Morgar<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 147–66.</ref> notes, "the major application of LSD today is to ''treat'' mental illness...", something which it proved particularly adept at doing. Pahnke echoes this sentiment noting that "in the 1940's ... interest in psychedelic drugs as an experimental psychiatric tool became widespread." <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969. p. 158.</ref><br />
<br />
A growing body of research indicates the healing potential of LSD and other [[Connection Supplements]]<ref>Rootman, Joseph M., Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Vince Polito, Francoise Bourzat, and Zach Walsh. “Adults Who Microdose Psychedelics Report Health Related Motivations and Lower Levels of Anxiety and Depression Compared to Non-Microdosers.” Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (November 18, 2021): 22479. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4.</ref><br />
<br />
Treatment of mental illness is facilitated by increased neuritogenesis, spinogenesis, and synaptogenesis.<ref>Ly, Calvin, Alexandra C. Greb, Lindsay P. Cameron, Jonathan M. Wong, Eden V. Barragan, Paige C. Wilson, Kyle F. Burbach, et al. “Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity.” Cell Reports 23, no. 11 (June 12, 2018): 3170–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.022</ref><br />
<br />
Morgar notes, LSD can be used in two modalities. "One emphasizes the use of LSD periodically and in small doses as an adjunct to traditional techniques of psychotherapy (Crockett, et al., 1963). The other major approach employs LSD in a single, large dose, producing an intense and prolonged psychedelic experience. Applied in this manner, LSD serves as a catalyst for inducing rapid and profound changes in the subject's value-belief system and in his self-image...."<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156.</ref> The latter technique "places greater emphasis on its more unique potentialities and value, namely, as a means of facilitating personal growth and self-actualization. Rather than freedom from emotional symptoms, the primary objective of the psychedelic experience becomes a major reorganization of one's beliefs and life outlook. In short, the first method is essentially illness-oriented, the second, health or growth oriented." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156-7.</ref> He continues "When employed as an adjunct to psychotherapy, most investigators have associated the beneficial effects of LSD with reduced defensiveness, the reliving of early childhood experiences, increased access to unconscious material, and greater emotional expression. In contrast, when used as a primary vehicle for rapid personality change, emphasis is usually placed on the transcendental quality of the experience, the resynthesis of basic values and beliefs, and major changes in the relationship between self and environment." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 157.</ref> In other words, as a [[Connection Supplement]], LSD can be used to [[Heal]] and [[Connection]]<br />
<br />
==Klee==<br />
<br />
Klee<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 461–74.</ref> notes that LSD operates by breaking down ego barriers (by suppressing the [[Bodily Ego]]). This operates at two levels. One is to reduce the individual's ability to filter stimuli, and the other is to reduce the ability of the [[Bodily Ego]] to mobilize defence mechanisms. <br />
<br />
On inability to filter stimulu: "There is some reason to suspect that integrative mechanisms within the central nervous system (CNS) which handle inflowing stimuli are no longer able to limit the spread of excitation in the usual ways."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 465.</ref> Note in this context the phenomenon of [[Flooding]], which is a [[Connection Outcome]]. Klee actually uses the term flooding to describe the stimulus overload that can occur. Klee notes several dimension of cognitive impairment, particularly at high doses. <br />
<br />
On the impact of LSD on the Bodily Ego and bodily ego defense mechanism "It is generally remarked that LSD dissolves the repressive barriers, or that defense mechanisms are generally impaired. These statements, in my opinion, are not entirely accurate. It is true that the subject's ability to repress is likely to be impaired. But as these barriers are lowered, and charged material threatens to enter awareness, an increased mobilization of repressive efforts often occurs in waves, operating massively and crudely to block out not only the threatening material but much associated material as well. As repression fails further, various other more regressive mechanisms are brought into play, such as denial and projection. Only occasionally will defense mechanisms fail almost entirely in certain subjects and a panic state ensue. More often, new defenses are brought into play, and the subject reaches relative equilibrium at a more regressed level. Certain mechanisms, especially repression and reaction formation, appear to be most vulnerable to LSD. Other, presumably more primitive defenses, such as regression denial, introjection, and projection, may function very effectively. For example, some predisposed subjects are capable of developing highly systematized paranoid delusions under the effects of marked LSD intoxication. In each case, subjects tend to fall back on those defenses which are most available to them, based upon their personality structures."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 470-1.</ref><br />
<br />
The loss of "stimulus barries" and the negation of defense mechanisms may lead to [[Zenith Experience]]s, but they may also cause difficulty, particularly in cases where the [[Bodily Ego]] is damaged by [[Toxic Socialization]]. "The consequences to the subject of the apparent loss of stimulus barriers is in some respects analogous to the situation in a traumatic neurosis. Only in this case it needs a much milder stimulus to produce traumatic effects. Thus, a slightly threatening situation, such as mild reprobation, scorn, or unfriendliness from another person, may loom large and ominous to the subject. Strong affective reactions may occur with what appears to be only the slightest provocation."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 467.</ref> When interacting with an individual with severe damage, caution should be exercised. "On some occasions during our studies we have seen subjects who found it difficult or impossible to control their behavior. These were usually persons who were rather aggressive and impulsive to begin with, but it sometimes occurs in other types. In the experimental setting, of course, these subjects were usually friendly and cooperative initially, but after taking LSD they found themselves overwhelmed with impulses, often of an assaultive nature. These feelings sometimes appeared to arise spontaneously or were provoked by a relatively slight incident, such as a painful venipuncture or a witticism directed at them by another subject. A subject at such times<br />
could barely resist putting his impulses into action. He would pace about, clench his fists, and grind his teeth to maintain control. Sometimes full-blown panic would ensue in the face of homicidal impulses which the subject felt he might be unable to control. One subject developed what appeared to be an hysterical paralysis of his limbs, apparently as a last-ditch control against assaultive behavior."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 471.</ref><br />
<br />
== Anecdotes ==<br />
<br />
Eating Disorder<br />
<br />
https://www.reddit.com/r/RationalPsychonaut/comments/vs6v1o/i_cured_my_disordered_eating_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
Awakening to reality <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/sxp477/this_society_is_poison/ <br />
<br />
Weight Loss <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/r9bbcd/update_post_last_march_lsd_inspired_me_to_start_a/<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rm5jdl/update_few_months_later_after_bad_trip/<br />
<br />
Improves cognitive functions (7-8 ug). https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rbrxvu/coding_its_so_fun_on_a_microdose/<br />
<br />
Curing addiction<br />
<br />
* to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rvp2f2/ive_been_alcohol_free_for_100_days_after_taking/<br />
*to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/Psychonaut/comments/wuua1b/i_think_lsd_may_have_killed_my_desire_to_drink/<br />
Mental Health<br />
<br />
* Used to facilitate mental healing and mental health https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/s7siio/self_medicating_my_mental_illnesses_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
[[Transformation''<br />
<br />
[[Grof, Stanislav|Stanislav Grof]] got started on his transpersonal path with a profound LSD experience he had while volunteering as a subject in LSD trials. <ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref> In this experience he confronted his unconscious psyche, downloaded a shit ton of information, and finally experienced an expansion of consciousness to cosmic levels.<ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== Additional Reading ==<br />
<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysergic_acid_diethylamide#Spiritual Wikipedia entry LSD] <br />
* [https://www.trippingly.net/lsd/lsd-trip-length-duration-and-intensity LSD Trip Length / Duration and Intensity - Guidance]<br />
* [https://www.verywellmind.com/what-does-it-feel-like-to-get-high-on-acid-21886 Understanding the Acid Trip Experience]<br />
<br />
{{template:endstuff}}<br />
<br />
[[category:terms]]<br />
[[Is a::Connection Supplement| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=LSD&diff=24828LSD2022-12-30T17:55:36Z<p>Tristan: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{navmenu}}<br />
<h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1><br />
<blockquote class="definition"><br />
'''LSD''' is long duration, high power [[Connection Supplement]].<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==List of Connection Supplements==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask: [[Is a::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related LP Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Connection Supplement]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Connection Supplement]]}}<br />
==Notes==<br />
<br />
==Enhancements==<br />
<br />
'''Affective'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
'''Creative'''<br />
<br />
'''Empathic'''<br />
<br />
'''Cognitive'''<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
LSD has nootropic properties.<ref>Dolan, Eric W. “Neuroscience Research Suggests LSD Might Enhance Learning and Memory by Promoting Brain Plasticity.” PsyPost, August 11, 2022. <nowiki>https://www.psypost.org/2022/08/neuroscience-research-suggests-lsd-might-enhance-learning-and-memory-by-promoting-brain-plasticity-63701</nowiki>.</ref> LSD " LSD increased markers of neuroplasticity in human brain organoids, increased novelty preference in rats, and improved memory performance in humans." For the scholarly article behind the news articles, [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001448862200173X see this link].<ref>Ornelas, Isis M., Felipe A. Cini, Isabel Wießner, Encarni Marcos, Dráulio B. Araújo, Livia Goto-Silva, Juliana Nascimento, et al. “Nootropic Effects of LSD: Behavioral, Molecular and Computational Evidence.” ''Experimental Neurology'' 356 (October 1, 2022): 114148. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114148</nowiki>.</ref><br />
<br />
LSD makes the mouse more social.<ref>Inserra, Antonio, Giada Giorgini, Sebastien Lacroix, Antonella Bertazzo, Jocelyn Choo, Athanasios Markopolous, Emily Grant, et al. “Effects of Repeated Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) on the Mouse Brain Endocannabinoidome and Gut Microbiome.” ''British Journal of Pharmacology'', October 31, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15977</ref><br />
<br />
LSD is a "chemical able to produce profound changes of consciousness...and...far reaching insights into one's own self and...one's relationship to others. Some takers of it have even felt that they had won an insight into the 'nature of the Universe and the purpose of Life.'...These insights can be remembered and, if the person wishes, can be incorporated into his or her everyday life to bring it a "better order."<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9</ref><br />
<br />
LSD increases awareness and intensifies perception, enhances creativity, reduces fear (of death for e.g.), distorts time, and is "eudaemonic,"<ref>Heard, Gerald. "Can This Drug Enlarge Man's Mind?" Psychedelic Review 1 1 (1963). pp. 9.</ref> but not always. "As I’d discovered to my regret, if you take mushrooms or acid when you feel low, they do not enhance your mood, but instead exacerbate your anxiety and distress."<ref>Szalavitz, Maia. Unbroken Brain: A Revolutionary New Way of Understanding Addiction (pp. 106-107). St. Martin's Press. Kindle Edition.</ref><br />
<br />
When LSD was first discovered, it was quickly recognized as having both healing and spiritual import. Morgar<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 147–66.</ref> notes, "the major application of LSD today is to ''treat'' mental illness...", something which it proved particularly adept at doing. Pahnke echoes this sentiment noting that "in the 1940's ... interest in psychedelic drugs as an experimental psychiatric tool became widespread." <ref>Pahnke, Walter N. “Psychedelic Drugs and Mystical Experience.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 1969. p. 158.</ref><br />
<br />
A growing body of research indicates the healing potential of LSD and other [[Connection Supplements]]<ref>Rootman, Joseph M., Pamela Kryskow, Kalin Harvey, Paul Stamets, Eesmyal Santos-Brault, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Vince Polito, Francoise Bourzat, and Zach Walsh. “Adults Who Microdose Psychedelics Report Health Related Motivations and Lower Levels of Anxiety and Depression Compared to Non-Microdosers.” Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (November 18, 2021): 22479. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01811-4.</ref><br />
<br />
Treatment of mental illness is facilitated by increased neuritogenesis, spinogenesis, and synaptogenesis.<ref>Ly, Calvin, Alexandra C. Greb, Lindsay P. Cameron, Jonathan M. Wong, Eden V. Barragan, Paige C. Wilson, Kyle F. Burbach, et al. “Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity.” Cell Reports 23, no. 11 (June 12, 2018): 3170–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.022</ref><br />
<br />
Morgar notes, LSD can be used in two modalities. "One emphasizes the use of LSD periodically and in small doses as an adjunct to traditional techniques of psychotherapy (Crockett, et al., 1963). The other major approach employs LSD in a single, large dose, producing an intense and prolonged psychedelic experience. Applied in this manner, LSD serves as a catalyst for inducing rapid and profound changes in the subject's value-belief system and in his self-image...."<ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156.</ref> The latter technique "places greater emphasis on its more unique potentialities and value, namely, as a means of facilitating personal growth and self-actualization. Rather than freedom from emotional symptoms, the primary objective of the psychedelic experience becomes a major reorganization of one's beliefs and life outlook. In short, the first method is essentially illness-oriented, the second, health or growth oriented." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 156-7.</ref> He continues "When employed as an adjunct to psychotherapy, most investigators have associated the beneficial effects of LSD with reduced defensiveness, the reliving of early childhood experiences, increased access to unconscious material, and greater emotional expression. In contrast, when used as a primary vehicle for rapid personality change, emphasis is usually placed on the transcendental quality of the experience, the resynthesis of basic values and beliefs, and major changes in the relationship between self and environment." <ref>Mogar, R. E. “Current Status and Future Trends in Psychedelic (LSD) Research.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 2 (1965): 157.</ref> In other words, as a [[Connection Supplement]], LSD can be used to [[Heal]] and [[Connection]]<br />
<br />
==Klee==<br />
<br />
Klee<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 461–74.</ref> notes that LSD operates by breaking down ego barriers (by suppressing the [[Bodily Ego]]). This operates at two levels. One is to reduce the individual's ability to filter stimuli, and the other is to reduce the ability of the [[Bodily Ego]] to mobilize defence mechanisms. <br />
<br />
On inability to filter stimulu: "There is some reason to suspect that integrative mechanisms within the central nervous system (CNS) which handle inflowing stimuli are no longer able to limit the spread of excitation in the usual ways."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 465.</ref> Note in this context the phenomenon of [[Flooding]], which is a [[Connection Outcome]]. Klee actually uses the term flooding to describe the stimulus overload that can occur. Klee notes several dimension of cognitive impairment, particularly at high doses. <br />
<br />
On the impact of LSD on the Bodily Ego and bodily ego defense mechanism "It is generally remarked that LSD dissolves the repressive barriers, or that defense mechanisms are generally impaired. These statements, in my opinion, are not entirely accurate. It is true that the subject's ability to repress is likely to be impaired. But as these barriers are lowered, and charged material threatens to enter awareness, an increased mobilization of repressive efforts often occurs in waves, operating massively and crudely to block out not only the threatening material but much associated material as well. As repression fails further, various other more regressive mechanisms are brought into play, such as denial and projection. Only occasionally will defense mechanisms fail almost entirely in certain subjects and a panic state ensue. More often, new defenses are brought into play, and the subject reaches relative equilibrium at a more regressed level. Certain mechanisms, especially repression and reaction formation, appear to be most vulnerable to LSD. Other, presumably more primitive defenses, such as regression denial, introjection, and projection, may function very effectively. For example, some predisposed subjects are capable of developing highly systematized paranoid delusions under the effects of marked LSD intoxication. In each case, subjects tend to fall back on those defenses which are most available to them, based upon their personality structures."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 470-1.</ref><br />
<br />
The loss of "stimulus barries" and the negation of defense mechanisms may lead to [[Zenith Experience]]s, but they may also cause difficulty, particularly in cases where the [[Bodily Ego]] is damaged by [[Toxic Socialization]]. "The consequences to the subject of the apparent loss of stimulus barriers is in some respects analogous to the situation in a traumatic neurosis. Only in this case it needs a much milder stimulus to produce traumatic effects. Thus, a slightly threatening situation, such as mild reprobation, scorn, or unfriendliness from another person, may loom large and ominous to the subject. Strong affective reactions may occur with what appears to be only the slightest provocation."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 467.</ref> When interacting with an individual with severe damage, caution should be exercised. "On some occasions during our studies we have seen subjects who found it difficult or impossible to control their behavior. These were usually persons who were rather aggressive and impulsive to begin with, but it sometimes occurs in other types. In the experimental setting, of course, these subjects were usually friendly and cooperative initially, but after taking LSD they found themselves overwhelmed with impulses, often of an assaultive nature. These feelings sometimes appeared to arise spontaneously or were provoked by a relatively slight incident, such as a painful venipuncture or a witticism directed at them by another subject. A subject at such times<br />
could barely resist putting his impulses into action. He would pace about, clench his fists, and grind his teeth to maintain control. Sometimes full-blown panic would ensue in the face of homicidal impulses which the subject felt he might be unable to control. One subject developed what appeared to be an hysterical paralysis of his limbs, apparently as a last-ditch control against assaultive behavior."<ref>Klee, G D. “Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD-25) and Ego Functions.” Archives Of General Psychiatry 8 (May 1963): 471.</ref><br />
<br />
== Anecdotes ==<br />
<br />
Eating Disorder<br />
<br />
https://www.reddit.com/r/RationalPsychonaut/comments/vs6v1o/i_cured_my_disordered_eating_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
Awakening to reality <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/sxp477/this_society_is_poison/ <br />
<br />
Weight Loss <br />
<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/r9bbcd/update_post_last_march_lsd_inspired_me_to_start_a/<br />
* https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rm5jdl/update_few_months_later_after_bad_trip/<br />
<br />
Improves cognitive functions (7-8 ug). https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rbrxvu/coding_its_so_fun_on_a_microdose/<br />
<br />
Curing addiction<br />
<br />
* to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/rvp2f2/ive_been_alcohol_free_for_100_days_after_taking/<br />
*to alcohol https://www.reddit.com/r/Psychonaut/comments/wuua1b/i_think_lsd_may_have_killed_my_desire_to_drink/<br />
Mental Health<br />
<br />
* Used to facilitate mental healing and mental health https://www.reddit.com/r/LSD/comments/s7siio/self_medicating_my_mental_illnesses_with_lsd/<br />
<br />
[[Transformation''<br />
<br />
[[Grof, Stanislav|Stanislav Grof]] got started on his transpersonal path with a profound LSD experience he had while volunteering as a subject in LSD trials. <ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref> In this experience he confronted his unconscious psyche, downloaded a shit ton of information, and finally experienced an expansion of consciousness to cosmic levels.<ref>Grof, Stanislav. ''When the Impossible Happens.'' Boulder, CO: Sounds True, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== Additional Reading ==<br />
<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysergic_acid_diethylamide#Spiritual Wikipedia entry LSD] <br />
* [https://www.trippingly.net/lsd/lsd-trip-length-duration-and-intensity LSD Trip Length / Duration and Intensity - Guidance]<br />
* [https://www.verywellmind.com/what-does-it-feel-like-to-get-high-on-acid-21886 Understanding the Acid Trip Experience]<br />
<br />
{{template:endstuff}}<br />
<br />
[[category:terms]]<br />
[[Is a::Connection Supplement| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=LP_HEALING_Framework&diff=23948LP HEALING Framework2022-12-23T04:52:39Z<p>Tristan: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{navmenu}}<br />
<h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1><br />
<blockquote class="definition"><br />
The '''LP HEALING Framework'''<sup>TM</sup> is a [[Healing Framework]] designed to conceptualize and guide the healing process<ref>Sosteric, Mike, and Gina Ratkovic. Lightning Path Workbook Two - Healing. Vol. 2. Lightning Path Workbook Series. St. Albert, Alberta: Lightning Path Press, 2017. https://www.lightningpath.org/lp-workbooks/.</ref>. HEALING is an acronym that stands for "Help," "Environment," "Addiction," "Lies," "Indoctrination," Needs," and "Growth." An individual seeking to heal needs to reflect, focus, and act on each of the seven focus points in order that they properly protect, treat, and clean (PTC) the wound. </blockquote><br />
<br />
==Related LP Terms== <br />
<br />
[[LP HEALING Framework]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related LP term::LP HEALING Framework]]}}<br />
<br />
==Non-LP Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[LP HEALING Framework]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::LP HEALING Framework]]}}<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
<br />
The LP HEALING Framework is elaborated in ''Lighting Path Workbook Two: Healing'' [https://www.lightningpath.org/lp-workbooks/].<br />
<br />
The LP HEALING Framework is not a therapy. It is a guidebook for self-directed healing practice.<br />
<br />
==Sources==<br />
<br />
===HEALING===<br />
<br />
====For Professionals===<br />
<br />
In order for healing to proceed, a healer ''must'' recognize that they have been colonized by [[The System]] and have absorbed System values, System ideology, and the System's way of doing things. Even if their heart is in the right place, even if their desire is to develop an authentic healing practice, their absorption into the System makes it difficult for them to proceed in an authentic fashion. Therefore, a healer (psychologist, psychiatrist, medical doctor, etc.) that wishes to develop an authentic healing practice must recognize that they will need help identifying their problematic behaviours and procedures. They will need help learning to be reflexive, empathic, sensitive, and aware. They will need help identifying and removing the deep tendrils of System ideology. They will need help putting aside the stark narcissism trained into them by the System so that they can function with the client's needs in mind. <br />
<br />
<br />
===ENVIRONMENT===<br />
<br />
====For Professionals====<br />
<br />
In order for healing to proceed, a healer ''must'' take into account the environment of the individual. Taking the environment into account includes awareness of and sensitivity to the unique traditional, cultural, spiritual, social (family, clan, nation, tribe), and economic aspects(capitalism) of the individual's social context as well as an analysis of any toxic features that may exist in the environment (see [[Toxic Socialization]]). <br />
<br />
The goal of environmental analysis is not only to develop a comprehensive understanding of the individual as they are embedded in and influenced by their environment but also to push back against [[Universal Psychology], which is a type of psychology that presumes that Western psychological theory and practice can be automatically applied to nonwestern populations.<ref>Lucana, Sonia, and John Elfers. “Sacred Medicine: Indigenous Healing and Mental Health.” The Qualitative Report 25, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 4482.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
===LIES===<br />
<br />
One of the key components of the Alcoholics Anonymous framework for cure and recovery is "rigorous honesty", with self and others. In order to make progress, one must make "a searching and fearless moral inventory..." and admit "the exact nature of our wrongs."<ref>Alcoholics Anonymous. ‘PASS IT ON’ The Story of Bill Wilson and How the A.A. Message Reached the World. Kindle. New York: AA World Services, 1984. https://amzn.to/2XKQNP5.</ref><br />
<br />
{{template:endstuff}}<br />
<br />
[[category:terms]]<br />
[[category:lightningpath]]<br />
[[category:bookone]]<br />
[[category:booktwo]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Healing| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Path| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Connection Framework]]<br />
[[Is a::Healing Framework| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Lightning Path| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Seven_Essential_Needs&diff=23947Seven Essential Needs2022-12-23T04:51:30Z<p>Tristan: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{navmenu}}<br />
<h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1><br />
<blockquote class="definition"><br />
The '''Seven Essential Needs''' are the seven needs the [[Physical Unit]] is required to meet in order to grow, develop, and finally achieve and maintain strong [[Connection]]. <Ref>Sosteric and Ratkovic. “Seven Essential Needs,” 2018. https://www.academia.edu/38114100/The_Seven_Essential_Needs.</ref> The seven essential needs are listed below. <br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==Syncretic Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Seven Essential Needs]] > {{#ask:[[Is a syncretic term::Seven Essential Needs]]}}<br />
<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Human Development]] : [[Seven Essential Needs]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Seven Essential Needs]]}}<br />
<br />
==Video Discussion==<br />
<br />
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g_Pu2oe7B0c</youtube><br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
<br />
[[File:LP Seven Essential Needs circle1.png|400px|right|Seven Essential Needs]]<br />
<br />
Swami Vivekananda speaks of the critical importance of meeting people's needs. Though he did not use that name, intimations of a hierarchy of needs was first proposed by Swami Vivekananda in "The Secret Work" in his book Karma Yoga. <ref>Vivekananda, Swami. "The Secret of Work." Collected Works of Swami Vivekananda. Vol. 5. 9 vols. Advaita Ashrama, 2016. https://www.holybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/SWAMI-VIVEKANANDA-COMPLETE-WORKS-Vol-1.pdf</ref><br />
<br />
Essential needs are equivalent to "basic needs" in that they represent an "an energizing state that, if satisfied, conduces toward health<br />
and well-being but, if not satisfied, contributes to pathology and ill-being." <ref>Ryan, R. M., and E. L. Deci. “Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-Being.” American Psychologist, 2000. p. 74.</ref><br />
The '''Seven Essential Needs''' are:<br />
<br />
===The Basic Needs===<br />
Basic needs are met, obviously, by providing the necessary environmental conditions, nutrients, and "nutriments," <ref>Ryan, Richard M., and Edward L. Deci. “The Darker and Brighter Sides of Human Existence: Basic Psychological Needs as a Unifying Concept.” ''Psychological Inquiry'' 11, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): 319–38. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_03&#x3C;/ref></ref> like autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Environments which provide for these create conditions conducive to the satisfaction of basic needs while environments that lack these, or that undermine there provision, create environments hostile to basic needs satisfaction. Environments here include those at the familial, social, community, national, and international level. Factors in the environment that impact would include quality of relationships, social organization (whether it is hierarchical or egalitarian, supportive or coercive), norms and values, economic practices, and so on.<br />
<br />
====Physiological Needs====<br />
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We all have needs for food, water, air, clothing, exercise, sleep, freedom from pain. <ref>"But poverty, though it does not prevent the generation, is extremely unfavourable to the rearing of children. The tender plant is produced, but in so cold a soil and so severe a climate, soon withers and dies. " <br />
Smith, Adam. The Wealth of Nations - An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Bantam Classics, 2003.</ref><br />
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====Emotional Needs====<br />
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We all have needs for unconditional support, acceptance, and inclusion. We all need to feel we are wanted and connected to something. We all need to feel that we belong.<br />
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When unmet, the need for love, positive regard, and attention can become desperation, and be exploited by disreputable or mentally ill actors. See for example Layton who cites Jim Jones attention and manipulative praise as psychological reasons for her toxic attachment to the Jonestown cult. <ref>Layton, Deborah. Seductive Poison. New York: Anchor Books, 2010. https://amzn.to/2wxOse4.</ref><br />
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====Cognitive Needs==== <br />
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We all have a biological drive to know and understand the world.<ref> "the most important characteristics of psychological health was simply the ability to perceive clearly-that is, to see the truth, to penetrate falsehood, phoniness, hypocrisy, and so on." Maslow, Abraham. “Eupsychia—The Good Society.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 1, no. 2 (1961): p. 3.</ref> <ref>Habermas's provides a similar conception for cognitive needs in [[Cognitive Interests]] Scott, John P. “Critical Social Theory: An Introduction and Critique.” The British Journal of Sociology 29, no. 1 (1978): 1. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.2307/589216</nowiki>. p. 2</ref>The need to be in touch with reality. This truth is self-evident and expressed at a very early age. “Mommy, why is the sky blue?” “Daddy, why are you angry all the time?” <br />
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====Psychological Needs====<br />
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Esteem power needs would be related to Habermas's "emancipatory interests." "At a more abstract level, the emancipatory interest involves liberating men from historically contingent constraints through a process of 'self reflection'." <ref>Scott, John P. “Critical Social Theory: An Introduction and Critique.” The British Journal of Sociology 29, no. 1 (1978): 1. https://doi.org/10.2307/589216. p. 2</ref><br />
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<ref>Thanks to Egle for pointing out the centrality of freedom and its relevance as an essential need. Note also that Abraham Maslow related power to self-esteem and self-respect in Maslow, Abraham. “Eupsychia—The Good Society.” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 1, no. 2 (1961): 1. p. 2.</ref> -- Psychological needs include the need for autonomy, the need to feel efficacious, competent, and powerful,<ref>Edward L Deci and Richard M Ryan, ''Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behaviour'' (New York: Springer Science, 1985).</ref> to have high self-esteem, to successfully manifest and create the world we want. Psychological research has long demonstrated the importance to psychological health of feelings of efficacy and competence.<ref>A Bandura, “Human Agency in Social-Cognition Theory,” ''American Psychologist'' 44 (1989): 1175–84</ref><ref>A. H. Maslow, ''Towards a Psychology of Being (2nd Edition)'' (New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, 1968)</ref><ref>Carl Rogers, ''Freedom to Learn'' (Columbus, Ohio: Merrill, 1969)</ref><ref>C. Rogers, ''A Way of Being.'' (Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 1980); R White, ''Ego and Reality in Psychoanalytic Theory'', vol. Psychological Issues Series, Monograph No. 11. (New York: International Universities Press, 1963).</ref> More recently, these needs are discussed under the rubric of self-determination theory.<ref>R. M. Ryan and E. L. Deci, “Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-Being,” ''American Psychologist'', 2000</ref> <br />
<br />
Ryan and Deci note that “The Fullest representations of humanity show people to be curious, vital, and self-motivated. At their best, they are agentic and inspired, striving to learn; extend themselves; master new skills; and apply their talents responsibly. That most people show considerable effort, agency, and commitment in their lives appears, in fact, to be more normative than exceptional, suggesting some very positive and persistent features of human nature.”<ref>R. M. Ryan and E. L. Deci, “Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-Being,” ''American Psychologist'', 2000. p. 68.</ref> In other words, left to their own devices, people are naturally motivated to develop skills and mastery, to strive for autonomy and competence. This drive is part of an individual’s “inherent growth tendencies and innate psychological needs.” “Satisfaction of these needs has been linked to well-being,<ref>Sheldon, K. M., Ryan, R., & Reis, H. T. (1996, January 1). What Makes for a Good Day? Competence and Autonomy in the Day and in the Person. ''PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN'', ''22''(12), 1270–1279. British Library Document Supply Centre Inside Serials & Conference Proceedings</ref> competence, vitality,<ref>Sheldon, K. M., Ryan, R., & Reis, H. T. (1996, January 1). What Makes for a Good Day? Competence and Autonomy in the Day and in the Person. ''PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN'', ''22''(12), 1270–1279. British Library Document Supply Centre Inside Serials & Conference Proceedings</ref> and enhanced creativity. We all need to '''feel good''' about ourselves, to '''feel powerful''' and efficacious, to have high self esteem, to "have faith in ourselves,"<ref>Akhilananda, Swami. ''Hindu Psychology: Its Meaning in the West''. Routledge, 1948. p. 80</ref> to successfully manifest or will/[[Intent]] in creation, to create the world we want. Or, as Ryan and Deci point out, we need to feel competent and autonomous,<ref>Ryan, R. M., and E. L. Deci. “Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-Being.” American Psychologist, 2000.</ref> with autonomy being defined as "self-regulation and integration in acting"<ref>Ryan, Richard M, and Edward L Deci. ''Self-Determination Theory: Basic Psychological Needs in Motivation, Development, and Wellness''. New York: The Guilford Press, 2017. p. 402.</ref> We all have a need to express<ref>Expression is identified as an emotional need in Akhilananda, Swami. ''Hindu Psychology: Its Meaning in the West''. Routledge, 1948.</ref> and unfold. Aristotle, Carl Rogers, and others capture these needs with the concept [[Eudaimonia]] which is the expression of human excellence and virtue (read [[Alignment]]),the doing of what is worth doing.<ref>Ryan, Richard M, and Edward L Deci. Self-Determination Theory: Basic Psychological Needs in Motivation, Development, and Wellness. New York: The Guilford Press, 2017</ref> <br />
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====Environmental Needs==== <br />
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The need for safe, secure, nurturing, and aesthetically pleasing environments. Safe home, safe spaces, secure finances, consistency, and stability. Safety includes the absence of assault of any kind, including physical assault (e.g., spanking), emotional assault, and psychological assault. Stability includes the emotional consistency of stable parental relationships. Financial stability includes resources sufficient to remove the anxieties and uncertainties of survival. The negative consequence of a failure to provide safe environments is long-term disability.<br />
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The consequences of a failure to provide safe environments is cumulative psychological, emotional, physical, and spiritual damage. For example, [[Swami Vivekananda]] notes "The older we grow, the longer we are knocked about in the world, the more callous we become."<ref>Vivekananda, Swami. “Karma Yoga.” ''Collected Works of Swami Vivekananda''. Vol. 1. 9 vols. Advaita Ashrama, 2016. <nowiki>https://www.holybooks.com/wp-content/uploads/SWAMI-VIVEKANANDA-COMPLETE-WORKS-Vol-1.pdf</nowiki></ref> <br />
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See the article "Toxic Socialization" <ref>Sosteric, Mike, and Gina Ratkovic. “Toxic Socialization,” 2016. <nowiki>https://www.academia.edu/25275338/Toxic_Socialization</nowiki></ref> which provides a run down of all the consequences that accrue as a consequence of violence, which is something that occurs in evironments that are not safe. <br />
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===The Spiritual/Higher Needs===<br />
<br />
====Need for [[Alignment]] with [[Spiritual Ego==== <br />
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in Humanistic psychology, self-actualization.<ref>The term self-actualization, originally coined by Kurt Goldstein, was picked up by Abraham Maslow. For Maslow, the need for self-actualization is the need to be creative, to express one’s essence and desire, and to do what one is “fitted for.” As he says, “A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write, if he is to be ultimately happy. What a man [sic] can be, he must be. This need we may call self-actualization” (Maslow, 1943, pp. 382). This is all true, but in LP psychology we would understand self-actualization as actualization/expression of [[Self]], with a capital "S".</ref> Presuming the existence of a “soul,” or a spark of Consciousness that exists independent of the physical body, we need to align our bodily ego, our body’s self or [[Bodily Ego]], with this higher level our Self, our [[Spiritual Ego]]. <br />
# Our biological programmed '''Need for [[Connection]] with family, Spirit, Highest Self''', place (land), the ancestors,<ref>Lucana, Sonia, and John Elfers. “Sacred Medicine: Indigenous Healing and Mental Health.” ''The Qualitative Report'' 25, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 4482</ref> [[Pachamama]],<ref>Lucana, Sonia, and John Elfers. “Sacred Medicine: Indigenous Healing and Mental Health.” ''The Qualitative Report'' 25, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 4482.</ref>and God. <br />
#*It is not enough to actualize our highest self, we need to go beyond and actually make a strong connection with this inner Self. <br />
#*This is a common desideratum of human spiritual systems. In Transpersonal Psychology, transcendence; in Christianity, Islamic, salvation; in Buddhism, enlightenment; etc.) In Transpersonal Psychology, this is known as transcendence; in Christianity and Islamic traditions, this is known as salvation, “Entering the Kingdom,” etc. in Buddhism and Easter traditions, enlightenment). In Sociology, this notion is expressed in a Christian form in Troelstech’s conception of mysticism as the “perfection of the spiritual life” and “unity with the divine” (Steeman, 1975). Evelyn Underhill points directly to this need when she says that we have an “innate tendency...towards complete harmony with the transcendental order, whatever the theological formula under which that order is understood” (Underhill, 2002). Jung referred to this as the experience of the numinosum (Jung, 1938, p. 6).<br />
In Vedanta, this is the highest need, the most " outstanding urge in people is the search after the abiding spirit or God. There is an inherent desire in every man to experience the abiding spirit, and until he reaches that goal there is no hope for real peace of mind."<ref>Akhilananda, Swami. ''Hindu Psychology: Its Meaning in the West''. Routledge, 1948. p. 51-2.</ref><br />
Satisfaction of one's essential needs leads to wellbeing, physical, mental, and emotional health, creativity, and [[Eudaimonia]].<ref>Ryan, Richard M., and Edward L. Deci. “The Darker and Brighter Sides of Human Existence: Basic Psychological Needs as a Unifying Concept.” ''Psychological Inquiry'' 11, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): 319–38. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_03</nowiki></ref><br />
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===Need for Connection with [[Spiritual Ego]]===<br />
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George Simmel speaks of " religiousness as an inner state or need of man..."<ref>Simmel, George. Essays on Religion. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997. p. 3.</ref><br />
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Underhill says "Broadly speaking, I understand it to be the expression of the ''innate tendency'' of the human spirit towards complete harmony with the transcendental order; whatever be the theological formula under which that order is understood."<ref>Underhill, Evelyn. Mysticism: A Study in the Nature and Development of Spiritual Consciousness. New York: Dover Publications, 2002. https://amzn.to/2C91xNY.</ref><br />
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Einstein says... "There is a mystical drive in man to learn about his own existence...the dignity of man depends not on his membership in a church, but on his scrutinizing mind, his confidence in his intellect, his figuring things out for himself, and above all his respect for the laws of creation" (Hermanns, 1983: np)<br />
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Grof says "spiritual search [i.e., search for connection] appears to be an understandable and legitimate human activity." <ref>Grof, Stanislav. Technologies of the Sacred Part Two.” ''The International Journal of Humanities and Peace'' 15, no. 1 (1999): 93–96. p. 93.</ref> Further, "The deepest motivating force in the human psyche on all the levels of our development is the craving to return to the experience of our divinity"<ref>Grof, S. (1999). Technologies of the Sacred—Part Two. ''The International Journal of Humanities and Peace'', ''15''(1), 93–96. p.96 <nowiki>https://www.lightningpath.org/readings/Technologies_of_the_sacred_II.pdf</nowiki></ref><br />
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The satisfaction of the seventh essential need - connection. "Only the experience of one's divinity in a non-ordinary state of consciousness can ever fulfill our deepest needs"<ref>Laszlo, Ervin, Stanislav Grof, and Peter Russell. The Consciousness Revolution. Las Vegas: Elf Rock Productions, 1999. https://amzn.to/2TlOCmC. p. 67.</ref><br />
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Grof also notes that "Full satisfaction comes ultimately from the experience of...our own divinity, not the pursuit of material goals of any scope or kind <ref>Laszlo, Ervin, Stanislav Grof, and Peter Russell. The Consciousness Revolution. Las Vegas: Elf Rock Productions, 1999. https://amzn.to/2TlOCmC. p. 8.</ref>.<br />
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"It is now becoming increasingly evident that a craving for transcendence and a need for inner development are basic and normal aspects of human nature." (alignment and connection) <ref>Grof, Christina, and Stanislav Grof. The Stormy Search for the Self: A Guide to Personal Growth Through Transformational Crises. Penguin, 1990. https://amzn.to/2UtkgP1. p. 31.</ref><br />
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Huxley ([[PP]]) notes that Totalitarian regimes exploit humanity's need for "unity" (read Connection) by "by means of a philosophy of political monism, according to which the state is God on earth, unification under the heel of the divine state is salvation, and all means to such unification, however intrinsically wicked, are right and may be used without scruple."<br />
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St. Teresa of Avila notes speaks of a need for actualization and connection suggesting that is "quenches thirst." "Oh, my Lord, if only one could be plunged so deeply into this living water that one’s life would end! Can that be? Yes: 34 this love and desire for God35 can increase so much that human nature is unable to bear it, and so there have been persons who have died of it."<ref>St. Teresa of Avila. The Way of Perfection. New York: Dover Publications, 2012. https://amzn.to/2Id75es.</ref><br />
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Sri Swami Sivananda notes that religion (I would say [[Authentic Religion]]) a "deep inward craving" (i.e., a need for connection)<ref>Sivananda, Sri Swami. ''All About Hinduism''. Uttar Predesh, Humalayas, India: Divine Life Trust, 1999. <nowiki>https://www.academia.edu/32682910</nowiki></ref><br />
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[[Is a term::Human Development| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::Essential Needs| ]]<br />
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[[Is a related LP term::Active Need Fulfillment| ]]<br />
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[[Is a related LP term::Healing| ]]<br />
[[Is a related LP term::LP HEALING Framework| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Huron&diff=19460Huron2021-09-25T21:13:02Z<p>Tristan: </p>
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<div>=== The Wyandot People ===<br />
The Wyandot (Originally referred to by themselves as the Ouendat and also referred to as the Wendat and Huron) are a Iroquoian-speaking peoples who emerged in North America. The Wendat (Huron) origins are initially believed to be around the St. Lawrence Valley, then based around the Northern areas near Lake Ontario. Pre-contact and up to Early modern period Wendat were a horticultural people (mainly farmers who supplemented their diets with hunting and fishing, they also gathered berries and vegetables.) comprised of a confederation of four (or more) tribes who spoke mutually intelligible, and similar languages. <br />
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<br />
originally Ouendat, in Oklahoma as the Wyandot) - a horticultural people<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
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[[Huron]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Huron]]}}<br />
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==Indigenous Spiritualities==<br />
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[[Indigenous Spiritualities]] > {{#ask:[[Is an::Indigenous Spirituality]]}}<br />
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==Notes==<br />
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===Mythology===<br />
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=== Images of God ===<br />
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In Huron cosmology, God is female, [[Aataentsic]]. "The mythic structures of the Huron cosmology were complex and multifaceted. [[Aataentsic]] was regarded as the great progenitress of the "island" or natural world upon which all human beings lived. A primary source of life, she also manifested as the moon. She was a powerful, sacred figure reflecting the matriarchal structures of Huron social order and could reveal herself through dreams to a chosen woman; on one such occasion, she claimed to be the one who ruled over all the Huron."<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
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=== Mythological Figures ===<br />
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[[Aronhiaté]], or Sky who controlled the seasons of the year, the winds, the waves of the great lakes, and assisted them in times of need or danger (JR 10:161; 33:225). Many of the animals also gave special abilities to human beings through dreams and each species had an "elder brother" who was the highest authority among all other members of that species (JR 6:158). The earth, rivers, lakes and rocks contained powerful spirits which might aid or hinder human beings. All of these sacred beings were called oki and those who had communication with such beings or who had power from such beings might also be addressed as oki.<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
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'''Elder Brothers''', the highest authority amongst all members of a particular animal species. <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
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'''Oki''' "The earth, rivers, lakes and rocks contained powerful spirits which might aid or hinder human beings. All of these sacred beings were called oki and those who had communication with such beings or who had power from such beings might also be addressed as oki"<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
- In Huron Mythology animals play a key part and are all illustrated.<br />
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<br />
=== Etiological Myths ===<br />
Big Turtle (Strong, sturdy, dependable. Hold all others upon its back)<br />
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===Connections===<br />
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Note below under sacred powers, it is the union with oki that results in the manifestation of sacred [[Arendi]].<br />
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"The mythic structure of the Huron world was such that the intrinsic powers of that world freely interacted with every individual through dreaming and the medium of that interaction was conceptualized as a distinctive, experiential aspect of the identity of the individual."<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref> ([[Deloria Vine]] quotes)<br />
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No mind/body dualism. Fluid connection with all things!! <br />
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====Dreaming====<br />
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Dreaming is a central feature of the "formation and dynamics of the Huron religious worldview..." Indeed, amongst the Huron, dreams are "regarded as a religious phenomenon." Dreams are an essential aspect of communication with the spirit world (see Huron cosmology)<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
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"Dreams provided one of the most fundamental means by which communication was maintained with the various sacred beings, either mythic or animal, that constituted the ultimate sources of spiritual empowerment in the Huron cosmology. Through dreams traditional values and teachings were validated and functioned to sanction the immediacy of a mythically defined cosmology. Dreams also3 provided a basis for ceremonial enactment and social interactions that reinforced the sacred character of the Huron world order." <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
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Dreaming provides transfer of Oki powers of healing. Dreams are recognized as direct form of communication with spiritual world. <br />
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''Shamans'' possessed a special knowledge of the symbolic significance of dreams. <br />
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===Equality and Sharing===<br />
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'''The Harmony of Reciprocity''' <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
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Huron dreaming emphasized reciprocity and sharing. "the Huron practice of dreaming involved the continual redistribution of wealth among members of the community...Such actions expressed reciprocity on the human plane that in turn reflected the cosmological order which also involved the giving of "gifts" by the sacred beings. Such "gifts" also helped to balance social inequality and the dynamics of such redistribution grounded the social world in a dynamic pattern of sacred relations that had the highest religious sanctions..." <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
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===Power and Authority===<br />
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"Authority was a matter of personal empowerment through greater intimacy with the sacred powers, manifested paradigmatically as esoteric knowledge and the demonstration of consistent and mysterious ability by the master shaman." <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
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"The Huron religious life was not constrained by either dogma or a systematized theology, but proceeded through precedent, example and sacred narrative to illustrate the appropriate use of power, primarily for the benefit of others. " <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
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===Sacred Powers===<br />
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[[Arendi]] "Sacred power, or arendi, given by the oki, was manifested as any unusual or extraordinary ability or as the power to heal through the use of rituals and sacred objects obtained in dreams or visions. Because the dream was believed to be the medium through which power and success was revealed, a dream oki manifested as a specific figure which acted as a validating presence of the mythically defined cosmos. Dreaming was framed in an interpretive context of religious experience that attributed a sacred knowledge and authority to the oki which in turn inspired the dreams that revealed the means by which dreamers might actualize their power. In such a case, the power of the oki and the power of the individual were regarded as one in the same and the union of the individual with the sources of empowerment represented the strongest possible affirmation of the sacred character of the world" <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
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===Reincarnation===<br />
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The Huron believe in reincarnation<ref>Irwin, Lee. “Myth, Language and Ontology among the Huron.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 19, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 413–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/000842989001900403.</ref> and have a complex view of the soul as having multiple .<br />
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===Souls===<br />
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All living beings have souls, including animals, which can be communicated with after death. <ref>Irwin, Lee. “Myth, Language and Ontology among the Huron.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 19, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 413–26. p. 419. https://doi.org/10.1177/000842989001900403.</ref><br />
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==Further Reading==<br />
<br />
Barbeau, C. M. 1914 "Supernatural Beings of the Huron and the Wyandot." American Anthropologist, Vol. 16: 288-313.<br />
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Barbeau, C. M. 1915 Huron and Wyandot Mythology. Department of Mines and Geological Survey, Anthropological Series #11. Ottawa: Government Printing Bureau.<br />
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Hewitt, J.N.B. 1885 "The Iroquoian Concept of the Soul." Journal of American Folklore, Vol. 8:107-116.<br />
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Kinietz, W. V. 1940 "The Indian Tribes of the Western Great Lakes." Michigan University, Museum of Anthropology, Occasional Contributions, Vol. 10:1-160.<br />
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1939 The Long Journey to the Country of the Hurons. G. M. Wrong, ed. and H. H. Langton, trans. Champlain Society, Pub. 25. New York: Greenwood Press. [Orig. 1632]<br />
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Tooker, Elizabeth. 1964 An Ethnography of the Huron Indians, 1615-1649. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bull. 190. Washington: Smisonian Institute.<br />
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Trigger, Bruce G. 1976 The Children of Aataentsic: A History of the Huron People to 1660, 2 Vols. Montreal: McGill University Press.<br />
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[[category:terms]]<br />
[[category:lightningpath]][[Is an::Indigenous Spirituality| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Huron&diff=19459Huron2021-09-25T21:12:20Z<p>Tristan: /* Mythological Figures */</p>
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<div>=== The Wyandot People ===<br />
The Wyandot (Originally referred to by themselves as the Ouendat and also referred to as the Wendat and Huron) are a Iroquoian-speaking peoples who emerged in North America. The Wendat (Huron) origins are initially believed to be around the St. Lawrence Valley, then based around the Northern areas near Lake Ontario. Pre-contact, up to Early modern period Wendat were a horticultural people (mainly farmers who supplemented their diets with hunting and fishing, they also gathered berries and vegetables.) comprised of a confederation of four (or more) tribes who spoke mutually intelligible, and similar languages. <br />
<br />
<br />
originally Ouendat, in Oklahoma as the Wyandot) - a horticultural people<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Huron]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Huron]]}}<br />
<br />
==Indigenous Spiritualities==<br />
<br />
[[Indigenous Spiritualities]] > {{#ask:[[Is an::Indigenous Spirituality]]}}<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
<br />
===Mythology===<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Images of God ===<br />
<br />
In Huron cosmology, God is female, [[Aataentsic]]. "The mythic structures of the Huron cosmology were complex and multifaceted. [[Aataentsic]] was regarded as the great progenitress of the "island" or natural world upon which all human beings lived. A primary source of life, she also manifested as the moon. She was a powerful, sacred figure reflecting the matriarchal structures of Huron social order and could reveal herself through dreams to a chosen woman; on one such occasion, she claimed to be the one who ruled over all the Huron."<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Mythological Figures ===<br />
<br />
[[Aronhiaté]], or Sky who controlled the seasons of the year, the winds, the waves of the great lakes, and assisted them in times of need or danger (JR 10:161; 33:225). Many of the animals also gave special abilities to human beings through dreams and each species had an "elder brother" who was the highest authority among all other members of that species (JR 6:158). The earth, rivers, lakes and rocks contained powerful spirits which might aid or hinder human beings. All of these sacred beings were called oki and those who had communication with such beings or who had power from such beings might also be addressed as oki.<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
'''Elder Brothers''', the highest authority amongst all members of a particular animal species. <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
'''Oki''' "The earth, rivers, lakes and rocks contained powerful spirits which might aid or hinder human beings. All of these sacred beings were called oki and those who had communication with such beings or who had power from such beings might also be addressed as oki"<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
- In Huron Mythology animals play a key part and are all illustrated.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Etiological Myths ===<br />
Big Turtle (Strong, sturdy, dependable. Hold all others upon its back)<br />
<br />
===Connections===<br />
<br />
Note below under sacred powers, it is the union with oki that results in the manifestation of sacred [[Arendi]].<br />
<br />
"The mythic structure of the Huron world was such that the intrinsic powers of that world freely interacted with every individual through dreaming and the medium of that interaction was conceptualized as a distinctive, experiential aspect of the identity of the individual."<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref> ([[Deloria Vine]] quotes)<br />
<br />
No mind/body dualism. Fluid connection with all things!! <br />
<br />
====Dreaming====<br />
<br />
Dreaming is a central feature of the "formation and dynamics of the Huron religious worldview..." Indeed, amongst the Huron, dreams are "regarded as a religious phenomenon." Dreams are an essential aspect of communication with the spirit world (see Huron cosmology)<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
"Dreams provided one of the most fundamental means by which communication was maintained with the various sacred beings, either mythic or animal, that constituted the ultimate sources of spiritual empowerment in the Huron cosmology. Through dreams traditional values and teachings were validated and functioned to sanction the immediacy of a mythically defined cosmology. Dreams also3 provided a basis for ceremonial enactment and social interactions that reinforced the sacred character of the Huron world order." <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
Dreaming provides transfer of Oki powers of healing. Dreams are recognized as direct form of communication with spiritual world. <br />
<br />
''Shamans'' possessed a special knowledge of the symbolic significance of dreams. <br />
<br />
===Equality and Sharing===<br />
<br />
'''The Harmony of Reciprocity''' <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
<br />
Huron dreaming emphasized reciprocity and sharing. "the Huron practice of dreaming involved the continual redistribution of wealth among members of the community...Such actions expressed reciprocity on the human plane that in turn reflected the cosmological order which also involved the giving of "gifts" by the sacred beings. Such "gifts" also helped to balance social inequality and the dynamics of such redistribution grounded the social world in a dynamic pattern of sacred relations that had the highest religious sanctions..." <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
<br />
===Power and Authority===<br />
<br />
"Authority was a matter of personal empowerment through greater intimacy with the sacred powers, manifested paradigmatically as esoteric knowledge and the demonstration of consistent and mysterious ability by the master shaman." <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
<br />
"The Huron religious life was not constrained by either dogma or a systematized theology, but proceeded through precedent, example and sacred narrative to illustrate the appropriate use of power, primarily for the benefit of others. " <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
<br />
===Sacred Powers===<br />
<br />
[[Arendi]] "Sacred power, or arendi, given by the oki, was manifested as any unusual or extraordinary ability or as the power to heal through the use of rituals and sacred objects obtained in dreams or visions. Because the dream was believed to be the medium through which power and success was revealed, a dream oki manifested as a specific figure which acted as a validating presence of the mythically defined cosmos. Dreaming was framed in an interpretive context of religious experience that attributed a sacred knowledge and authority to the oki which in turn inspired the dreams that revealed the means by which dreamers might actualize their power. In such a case, the power of the oki and the power of the individual were regarded as one in the same and the union of the individual with the sources of empowerment represented the strongest possible affirmation of the sacred character of the world" <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
===Reincarnation===<br />
<br />
The Huron believe in reincarnation<ref>Irwin, Lee. “Myth, Language and Ontology among the Huron.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 19, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 413–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/000842989001900403.</ref> and have a complex view of the soul as having multiple .<br />
<br />
===Souls===<br />
<br />
All living beings have souls, including animals, which can be communicated with after death. <ref>Irwin, Lee. “Myth, Language and Ontology among the Huron.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 19, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 413–26. p. 419. https://doi.org/10.1177/000842989001900403.</ref><br />
<br />
==Further Reading==<br />
<br />
Barbeau, C. M. 1914 "Supernatural Beings of the Huron and the Wyandot." American Anthropologist, Vol. 16: 288-313.<br />
<br />
Barbeau, C. M. 1915 Huron and Wyandot Mythology. Department of Mines and Geological Survey, Anthropological Series #11. Ottawa: Government Printing Bureau.<br />
<br />
Hewitt, J.N.B. 1885 "The Iroquoian Concept of the Soul." Journal of American Folklore, Vol. 8:107-116.<br />
<br />
Kinietz, W. V. 1940 "The Indian Tribes of the Western Great Lakes." Michigan University, Museum of Anthropology, Occasional Contributions, Vol. 10:1-160.<br />
<br />
1939 The Long Journey to the Country of the Hurons. G. M. Wrong, ed. and H. H. Langton, trans. Champlain Society, Pub. 25. New York: Greenwood Press. [Orig. 1632]<br />
<br />
Tooker, Elizabeth. 1964 An Ethnography of the Huron Indians, 1615-1649. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bull. 190. Washington: Smisonian Institute.<br />
<br />
Trigger, Bruce G. 1976 The Children of Aataentsic: A History of the Huron People to 1660, 2 Vols. Montreal: McGill University Press.<br />
<br />
{{endstuff}}<br />
<br />
[[category:terms]]<br />
[[category:lightningpath]][[Is an::Indigenous Spirituality| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Huron&diff=19458Huron2021-09-25T21:10:52Z<p>Tristan: </p>
<hr />
<div>=== The Wyandot People ===<br />
The Wyandot (Originally referred to by themselves as the Ouendat and also referred to as the Wendat and Huron) are a Iroquoian-speaking peoples who emerged in North America. The Wendat (Huron) origins are initially believed to be around the St. Lawrence Valley, then based around the Northern areas near Lake Ontario. Pre-contact, up to Early modern period Wendat were a horticultural people (mainly farmers who supplemented their diets with hunting and fishing, they also gathered berries and vegetables.) comprised of a confederation of four (or more) tribes who spoke mutually intelligible, and similar languages. <br />
<br />
<br />
originally Ouendat, in Oklahoma as the Wyandot) - a horticultural people<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Huron]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Huron]]}}<br />
<br />
==Indigenous Spiritualities==<br />
<br />
[[Indigenous Spiritualities]] > {{#ask:[[Is an::Indigenous Spirituality]]}}<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
<br />
===Mythology===<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Images of God ===<br />
<br />
In Huron cosmology, God is female, [[Aataentsic]]. "The mythic structures of the Huron cosmology were complex and multifaceted. [[Aataentsic]] was regarded as the great progenitress of the "island" or natural world upon which all human beings lived. A primary source of life, she also manifested as the moon. She was a powerful, sacred figure reflecting the matriarchal structures of Huron social order and could reveal herself through dreams to a chosen woman; on one such occasion, she claimed to be the one who ruled over all the Huron."<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Mythological Figures ===<br />
<br />
[[Aronhiaté]], or Sky who controlled the seasons of the year, the winds, the waves of the great lakes, and assisted them in times of need or danger (JR 10:161; 33:225). Many of the animals also gave special abilities to human beings through dreams and each species had an "elder brother" who was the highest authority among all other members of that species (JR 6:158). The earth, rivers, lakes and rocks contained powerful spirits which might aid or hinder human beings. All of these sacred beings were called oki and those who had communication with such beings or who had power from such beings might also be addressed as oki.<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
'''Elder Brothers''', the highest authority amongst all members of a particular animal species. <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
'''Oki''' "The earth, rivers, lakes and rocks contained powerful spirits which might aid or hinder human beings. All of these sacred beings were called oki and those who had communication with such beings or who had power from such beings might also be addressed as oki"<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
=== Etiological Myths ===<br />
<br />
===Connections===<br />
<br />
Note below under sacred powers, it is the union with oki that results in the manifestation of sacred [[Arendi]].<br />
<br />
"The mythic structure of the Huron world was such that the intrinsic powers of that world freely interacted with every individual through dreaming and the medium of that interaction was conceptualized as a distinctive, experiential aspect of the identity of the individual."<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref> ([[Deloria Vine]] quotes)<br />
<br />
No mind/body dualism. Fluid connection with all things!! <br />
<br />
====Dreaming====<br />
<br />
Dreaming is a central feature of the "formation and dynamics of the Huron religious worldview..." Indeed, amongst the Huron, dreams are "regarded as a religious phenomenon." Dreams are an essential aspect of communication with the spirit world (see Huron cosmology)<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
"Dreams provided one of the most fundamental means by which communication was maintained with the various sacred beings, either mythic or animal, that constituted the ultimate sources of spiritual empowerment in the Huron cosmology. Through dreams traditional values and teachings were validated and functioned to sanction the immediacy of a mythically defined cosmology. Dreams also3 provided a basis for ceremonial enactment and social interactions that reinforced the sacred character of the Huron world order." <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
Dreaming provides transfer of Oki powers of healing. Dreams are recognized as direct form of communication with spiritual world. <br />
<br />
''Shamans'' possessed a special knowledge of the symbolic significance of dreams. <br />
<br />
===Equality and Sharing===<br />
<br />
'''The Harmony of Reciprocity''' <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
<br />
Huron dreaming emphasized reciprocity and sharing. "the Huron practice of dreaming involved the continual redistribution of wealth among members of the community...Such actions expressed reciprocity on the human plane that in turn reflected the cosmological order which also involved the giving of "gifts" by the sacred beings. Such "gifts" also helped to balance social inequality and the dynamics of such redistribution grounded the social world in a dynamic pattern of sacred relations that had the highest religious sanctions..." <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
<br />
===Power and Authority===<br />
<br />
"Authority was a matter of personal empowerment through greater intimacy with the sacred powers, manifested paradigmatically as esoteric knowledge and the demonstration of consistent and mysterious ability by the master shaman." <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
<br />
"The Huron religious life was not constrained by either dogma or a systematized theology, but proceeded through precedent, example and sacred narrative to illustrate the appropriate use of power, primarily for the benefit of others. " <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
<br />
===Sacred Powers===<br />
<br />
[[Arendi]] "Sacred power, or arendi, given by the oki, was manifested as any unusual or extraordinary ability or as the power to heal through the use of rituals and sacred objects obtained in dreams or visions. Because the dream was believed to be the medium through which power and success was revealed, a dream oki manifested as a specific figure which acted as a validating presence of the mythically defined cosmos. Dreaming was framed in an interpretive context of religious experience that attributed a sacred knowledge and authority to the oki which in turn inspired the dreams that revealed the means by which dreamers might actualize their power. In such a case, the power of the oki and the power of the individual were regarded as one in the same and the union of the individual with the sources of empowerment represented the strongest possible affirmation of the sacred character of the world" <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
===Reincarnation===<br />
<br />
The Huron believe in reincarnation<ref>Irwin, Lee. “Myth, Language and Ontology among the Huron.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 19, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 413–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/000842989001900403.</ref> and have a complex view of the soul as having multiple .<br />
<br />
===Souls===<br />
<br />
All living beings have souls, including animals, which can be communicated with after death. <ref>Irwin, Lee. “Myth, Language and Ontology among the Huron.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 19, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 413–26. p. 419. https://doi.org/10.1177/000842989001900403.</ref><br />
<br />
==Further Reading==<br />
<br />
Barbeau, C. M. 1914 "Supernatural Beings of the Huron and the Wyandot." American Anthropologist, Vol. 16: 288-313.<br />
<br />
Barbeau, C. M. 1915 Huron and Wyandot Mythology. Department of Mines and Geological Survey, Anthropological Series #11. Ottawa: Government Printing Bureau.<br />
<br />
Hewitt, J.N.B. 1885 "The Iroquoian Concept of the Soul." Journal of American Folklore, Vol. 8:107-116.<br />
<br />
Kinietz, W. V. 1940 "The Indian Tribes of the Western Great Lakes." Michigan University, Museum of Anthropology, Occasional Contributions, Vol. 10:1-160.<br />
<br />
1939 The Long Journey to the Country of the Hurons. G. M. Wrong, ed. and H. H. Langton, trans. Champlain Society, Pub. 25. New York: Greenwood Press. [Orig. 1632]<br />
<br />
Tooker, Elizabeth. 1964 An Ethnography of the Huron Indians, 1615-1649. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bull. 190. Washington: Smisonian Institute.<br />
<br />
Trigger, Bruce G. 1976 The Children of Aataentsic: A History of the Huron People to 1660, 2 Vols. Montreal: McGill University Press.<br />
<br />
{{endstuff}}<br />
<br />
[[category:terms]]<br />
[[category:lightningpath]][[Is an::Indigenous Spirituality| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Huron&diff=19457Huron2021-09-25T21:10:12Z<p>Tristan: </p>
<hr />
<div>=== The Wyandot People ===<br />
{{navmenu}}<br />
<h1 class="customtitle">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</h1><br />
<blockquote class="definition"><br />
The Wyandot (Originally referred to by themselves as the Ouendat and also referred to as the Wendat and Huron) are a Iroquoian-speaking peoples who emerged in North America. The Wendat (Huron) origins are initially believed to be around the St. Lawrence Valley, then based around the Northern areas near Lake Ontario. Pre-contact, up to Early modern period Wendat were a horticultural people (mainly farmers who supplemented their diets with hunting and fishing, they also gathered berries and vegetables.) comprised of a confederation of four (or more) tribes who spoke mutually intelligible, and similar languages. <br />
<br />
<br />
originally Ouendat, in Oklahoma as the Wyandot) - a horticultural people<br />
</blockquote><br />
<br />
==Related Terms==<br />
<br />
[[Huron]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Huron]]}}<br />
<br />
==Indigenous Spiritualities==<br />
<br />
[[Indigenous Spiritualities]] > {{#ask:[[Is an::Indigenous Spirituality]]}}<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
<br />
===Mythology===<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Images of God ===<br />
<br />
In Huron cosmology, God is female, [[Aataentsic]]. "The mythic structures of the Huron cosmology were complex and multifaceted. [[Aataentsic]] was regarded as the great progenitress of the "island" or natural world upon which all human beings lived. A primary source of life, she also manifested as the moon. She was a powerful, sacred figure reflecting the matriarchal structures of Huron social order and could reveal herself through dreams to a chosen woman; on one such occasion, she claimed to be the one who ruled over all the Huron."<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Mythological Figures ===<br />
<br />
[[Aronhiaté]], or Sky who controlled the seasons of the year, the winds, the waves of the great lakes, and assisted them in times of need or danger (JR 10:161; 33:225). Many of the animals also gave special abilities to human beings through dreams and each species had an "elder brother" who was the highest authority among all other members of that species (JR 6:158). The earth, rivers, lakes and rocks contained powerful spirits which might aid or hinder human beings. All of these sacred beings were called oki and those who had communication with such beings or who had power from such beings might also be addressed as oki.<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
'''Elder Brothers''', the highest authority amongst all members of a particular animal species. <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
'''Oki''' "The earth, rivers, lakes and rocks contained powerful spirits which might aid or hinder human beings. All of these sacred beings were called oki and those who had communication with such beings or who had power from such beings might also be addressed as oki"<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
=== Etiological Myths ===<br />
<br />
===Connections===<br />
<br />
Note below under sacred powers, it is the union with oki that results in the manifestation of sacred [[Arendi]].<br />
<br />
"The mythic structure of the Huron world was such that the intrinsic powers of that world freely interacted with every individual through dreaming and the medium of that interaction was conceptualized as a distinctive, experiential aspect of the identity of the individual."<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref> ([[Deloria Vine]] quotes)<br />
<br />
No mind/body dualism. Fluid connection with all things!! <br />
<br />
====Dreaming====<br />
<br />
Dreaming is a central feature of the "formation and dynamics of the Huron religious worldview..." Indeed, amongst the Huron, dreams are "regarded as a religious phenomenon." Dreams are an essential aspect of communication with the spirit world (see Huron cosmology)<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
"Dreams provided one of the most fundamental means by which communication was maintained with the various sacred beings, either mythic or animal, that constituted the ultimate sources of spiritual empowerment in the Huron cosmology. Through dreams traditional values and teachings were validated and functioned to sanction the immediacy of a mythically defined cosmology. Dreams also3 provided a basis for ceremonial enactment and social interactions that reinforced the sacred character of the Huron world order." <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
Dreaming provides transfer of Oki powers of healing. Dreams are recognized as direct form of communication with spiritual world. <br />
<br />
''Shamans'' possessed a special knowledge of the symbolic significance of dreams. <br />
<br />
===Equality and Sharing===<br />
<br />
'''The Harmony of Reciprocity''' <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
<br />
Huron dreaming emphasized reciprocity and sharing. "the Huron practice of dreaming involved the continual redistribution of wealth among members of the community...Such actions expressed reciprocity on the human plane that in turn reflected the cosmological order which also involved the giving of "gifts" by the sacred beings. Such "gifts" also helped to balance social inequality and the dynamics of such redistribution grounded the social world in a dynamic pattern of sacred relations that had the highest religious sanctions..." <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
<br />
===Power and Authority===<br />
<br />
"Authority was a matter of personal empowerment through greater intimacy with the sacred powers, manifested paradigmatically as esoteric knowledge and the demonstration of consistent and mysterious ability by the master shaman." <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
<br />
"The Huron religious life was not constrained by either dogma or a systematized theology, but proceeded through precedent, example and sacred narrative to illustrate the appropriate use of power, primarily for the benefit of others. " <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
<br />
===Sacred Powers===<br />
<br />
[[Arendi]] "Sacred power, or arendi, given by the oki, was manifested as any unusual or extraordinary ability or as the power to heal through the use of rituals and sacred objects obtained in dreams or visions. Because the dream was believed to be the medium through which power and success was revealed, a dream oki manifested as a specific figure which acted as a validating presence of the mythically defined cosmos. Dreaming was framed in an interpretive context of religious experience that attributed a sacred knowledge and authority to the oki which in turn inspired the dreams that revealed the means by which dreamers might actualize their power. In such a case, the power of the oki and the power of the individual were regarded as one in the same and the union of the individual with the sources of empowerment represented the strongest possible affirmation of the sacred character of the world" <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
<br />
===Reincarnation===<br />
<br />
The Huron believe in reincarnation<ref>Irwin, Lee. “Myth, Language and Ontology among the Huron.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 19, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 413–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/000842989001900403.</ref> and have a complex view of the soul as having multiple .<br />
<br />
===Souls===<br />
<br />
All living beings have souls, including animals, which can be communicated with after death. <ref>Irwin, Lee. “Myth, Language and Ontology among the Huron.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 19, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 413–26. p. 419. https://doi.org/10.1177/000842989001900403.</ref><br />
<br />
==Further Reading==<br />
<br />
Barbeau, C. M. 1914 "Supernatural Beings of the Huron and the Wyandot." American Anthropologist, Vol. 16: 288-313.<br />
<br />
Barbeau, C. M. 1915 Huron and Wyandot Mythology. Department of Mines and Geological Survey, Anthropological Series #11. Ottawa: Government Printing Bureau.<br />
<br />
Hewitt, J.N.B. 1885 "The Iroquoian Concept of the Soul." Journal of American Folklore, Vol. 8:107-116.<br />
<br />
Kinietz, W. V. 1940 "The Indian Tribes of the Western Great Lakes." Michigan University, Museum of Anthropology, Occasional Contributions, Vol. 10:1-160.<br />
<br />
1939 The Long Journey to the Country of the Hurons. G. M. Wrong, ed. and H. H. Langton, trans. Champlain Society, Pub. 25. New York: Greenwood Press. [Orig. 1632]<br />
<br />
Tooker, Elizabeth. 1964 An Ethnography of the Huron Indians, 1615-1649. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bull. 190. Washington: Smisonian Institute.<br />
<br />
Trigger, Bruce G. 1976 The Children of Aataentsic: A History of the Huron People to 1660, 2 Vols. Montreal: McGill University Press.<br />
<br />
{{endstuff}}<br />
<br />
[[category:terms]]<br />
[[category:lightningpath]][[Is an::Indigenous Spirituality| ]]</div>Tristanhttps://spiritwiki.lightningpath.org/index.php?title=Huron&diff=19456Huron2021-09-25T21:09:28Z<p>Tristan: Huron Definition</p>
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The Wyandot (Originally referred to by themselves as the Ouendat and also referred to as the Wendat and Huron) are a Iroquoian-speaking peoples who emerged in North America. The Wendat (Huron) origins are initially believed to be around the St. Lawrence Valley, then based around the Northern areas near Lake Ontario. Pre-contact, up to Early modern period Wendat were a horticultural people (mainly farmers who supplemented their diets with hunting and fishing, they also gathered berries and vegetables.) comprised of a confederation of four (or more) tribes who spoke mutually intelligible, and similar languages. <br />
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originally Ouendat, in Oklahoma as the Wyandot) - a horticultural people<br />
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==Related Terms==<br />
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[[Huron]] > {{#ask:[[Is a related term::Huron]]}}<br />
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==Indigenous Spiritualities==<br />
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[[Indigenous Spiritualities]] > {{#ask:[[Is an::Indigenous Spirituality]]}}<br />
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==Notes==<br />
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===Mythology===<br />
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=== Images of God ===<br />
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In Huron cosmology, God is female, [[Aataentsic]]. "The mythic structures of the Huron cosmology were complex and multifaceted. [[Aataentsic]] was regarded as the great progenitress of the "island" or natural world upon which all human beings lived. A primary source of life, she also manifested as the moon. She was a powerful, sacred figure reflecting the matriarchal structures of Huron social order and could reveal herself through dreams to a chosen woman; on one such occasion, she claimed to be the one who ruled over all the Huron."<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
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=== Mythological Figures ===<br />
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[[Aronhiaté]], or Sky who controlled the seasons of the year, the winds, the waves of the great lakes, and assisted them in times of need or danger (JR 10:161; 33:225). Many of the animals also gave special abilities to human beings through dreams and each species had an "elder brother" who was the highest authority among all other members of that species (JR 6:158). The earth, rivers, lakes and rocks contained powerful spirits which might aid or hinder human beings. All of these sacred beings were called oki and those who had communication with such beings or who had power from such beings might also be addressed as oki.<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
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'''Elder Brothers''', the highest authority amongst all members of a particular animal species. <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
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'''Oki''' "The earth, rivers, lakes and rocks contained powerful spirits which might aid or hinder human beings. All of these sacred beings were called oki and those who had communication with such beings or who had power from such beings might also be addressed as oki"<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
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=== Etiological Myths ===<br />
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===Connections===<br />
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Note below under sacred powers, it is the union with oki that results in the manifestation of sacred [[Arendi]].<br />
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"The mythic structure of the Huron world was such that the intrinsic powers of that world freely interacted with every individual through dreaming and the medium of that interaction was conceptualized as a distinctive, experiential aspect of the identity of the individual."<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion 22'' (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref> ([[Deloria Vine]] quotes)<br />
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No mind/body dualism. Fluid connection with all things!! <br />
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====Dreaming====<br />
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Dreaming is a central feature of the "formation and dynamics of the Huron religious worldview..." Indeed, amongst the Huron, dreams are "regarded as a religious phenomenon." Dreams are an essential aspect of communication with the spirit world (see Huron cosmology)<ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
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"Dreams provided one of the most fundamental means by which communication was maintained with the various sacred beings, either mythic or animal, that constituted the ultimate sources of spiritual empowerment in the Huron cosmology. Through dreams traditional values and teachings were validated and functioned to sanction the immediacy of a mythically defined cosmology. Dreams also3 provided a basis for ceremonial enactment and social interactions that reinforced the sacred character of the Huron world order." <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
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Dreaming provides transfer of Oki powers of healing. Dreams are recognized as direct form of communication with spiritual world. <br />
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''Shamans'' possessed a special knowledge of the symbolic significance of dreams. <br />
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===Equality and Sharing===<br />
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'''The Harmony of Reciprocity''' <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
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Huron dreaming emphasized reciprocity and sharing. "the Huron practice of dreaming involved the continual redistribution of wealth among members of the community...Such actions expressed reciprocity on the human plane that in turn reflected the cosmological order which also involved the giving of "gifts" by the sacred beings. Such "gifts" also helped to balance social inequality and the dynamics of such redistribution grounded the social world in a dynamic pattern of sacred relations that had the highest religious sanctions..." <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
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===Power and Authority===<br />
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"Authority was a matter of personal empowerment through greater intimacy with the sacred powers, manifested paradigmatically as esoteric knowledge and the demonstration of consistent and mysterious ability by the master shaman." <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
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"The Huron religious life was not constrained by either dogma or a systematized theology, but proceeded through precedent, example and sacred narrative to illustrate the appropriate use of power, primarily for the benefit of others. " <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70.</ref><br />
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===Sacred Powers===<br />
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[[Arendi]] "Sacred power, or arendi, given by the oki, was manifested as any unusual or extraordinary ability or as the power to heal through the use of rituals and sacred objects obtained in dreams or visions. Because the dream was believed to be the medium through which power and success was revealed, a dream oki manifested as a specific figure which acted as a validating presence of the mythically defined cosmos. Dreaming was framed in an interpretive context of religious experience that attributed a sacred knowledge and authority to the oki which in turn inspired the dreams that revealed the means by which dreamers might actualize their power. In such a case, the power of the oki and the power of the individual were regarded as one in the same and the union of the individual with the sources of empowerment represented the strongest possible affirmation of the sacred character of the world" <ref>Irwin, Lee. “The Huron-Jesuit Relations: Contesting Dreams, Confirming Worldviews.” ''Religion'' 22 (1992): 259–70. p. 260.</ref><br />
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===Reincarnation===<br />
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The Huron believe in reincarnation<ref>Irwin, Lee. “Myth, Language and Ontology among the Huron.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 19, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 413–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/000842989001900403.</ref> and have a complex view of the soul as having multiple .<br />
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===Souls===<br />
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All living beings have souls, including animals, which can be communicated with after death. <ref>Irwin, Lee. “Myth, Language and Ontology among the Huron.” Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 19, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 413–26. p. 419. https://doi.org/10.1177/000842989001900403.</ref><br />
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==Further Reading==<br />
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Barbeau, C. M. 1914 "Supernatural Beings of the Huron and the Wyandot." American Anthropologist, Vol. 16: 288-313.<br />
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Barbeau, C. M. 1915 Huron and Wyandot Mythology. Department of Mines and Geological Survey, Anthropological Series #11. Ottawa: Government Printing Bureau.<br />
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Hewitt, J.N.B. 1885 "The Iroquoian Concept of the Soul." Journal of American Folklore, Vol. 8:107-116.<br />
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Kinietz, W. V. 1940 "The Indian Tribes of the Western Great Lakes." Michigan University, Museum of Anthropology, Occasional Contributions, Vol. 10:1-160.<br />
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1939 The Long Journey to the Country of the Hurons. G. M. Wrong, ed. and H. H. Langton, trans. Champlain Society, Pub. 25. New York: Greenwood Press. [Orig. 1632]<br />
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Tooker, Elizabeth. 1964 An Ethnography of the Huron Indians, 1615-1649. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bull. 190. Washington: Smisonian Institute.<br />
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Trigger, Bruce G. 1976 The Children of Aataentsic: A History of the Huron People to 1660, 2 Vols. Montreal: McGill University Press.<br />
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[[category:lightningpath]][[Is an::Indigenous Spirituality| ]]</div>Tristan